BACKGROUND:Cytomegalovirus is one of the opportunistic infection viruses for organ transplant patients, and it can lead to functional loss of organ grafts and even endanger lives. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection at early phase is the key to clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the detection method, accuracy, detection time and clinical significance of cytomegalovirus infection after organ transplantation. METHODS: A computer-based search of VIP, PubMed and CNKI as wel as manual search of books were performed for literatures concerning organ transplantation and cytomegalovirus infection published from January 2007 to December 2014. The keywords were transplantation, cytomegalovirus in English and Chinese, respectively. Total 1 894 papers in English and 31 articles in Chinese were found. Among them, only 35 papers which were highly representative and published in related authoritative journals were chosen for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main non-invasive detection of cytomegalovirus infection is stil the test of CMV-pp65 antigen with good sensitivity and specificity which can accurately reflect the status of cytomegalovirus infection. This method is also the most important clinical diagnostic method. Molecular biological detection of cytomegalovirus can detect potentialy infected people, and this method can detect the infection earlier than CMV-pp65 antigen method, which is suitable for the early diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection and early drug treatment. Quantitative nucleic acid test can be used to analyze cytomegalovirus-DNA copies so as to determine the concentrations of the virus in patients, which may provide a more sensitive monitoring way for inapparently infected patients. Cytomegalovirus-IgG and cytomegalovirus-IgM in serum can be used to determine whether organ transplant recipients have been infected by cytomegalovirus. Virus culture and histological examination have been used for several years, both of which are the gold standard for detecting cytomegalovirus. However, these methods cannot be used in early diagnosis and active infection. Immunological detection method provides a new ideal for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection. This method can monitor cytomegalovirus infection from early phase accurately and assess the risk of cytomegalovirus, providing a new way for the development of the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection.

OBJECTIVETo measure the levels of urinary prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with or without overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and determine whether urinary PGE2 can serve as a biomarker for BPH-related OAB.

METHODSThis study included 86 BPH patients and 34 male control subjects without lower urinary tract symptoms. Based on the OAB symptom scores (OABSS), the BPH cases were classified as BPH/OAB (n =49) and BPH/non-OAB (n = 37) to be treated orally with tamsulosin alone and tamsulosin + tolterodine-tartrate, respectively, for 12 weeks. We measured the urinary PGE2 levels of all the subjects by ELISA before and after medication, the total PGE2 level normalized to the concentration of the urinary creatinine (PGE2/Cr). We also obtained the residual urine volume, Qmax, prostate volume, PSA level, IPSS and OABSS of the BPH patients, and compared them among different groups.

RESULTSThe baseline PGE2/Cr level was significantly lower in the control than in the BPH/OAB and BPH/non-OAB groups (both P <0.05), and higher in the BPH/OAB than in the BPH/non-OAB patients (P <0.05). After 12 weeks'treatment, the urinary PGE2/Cr level was remarkably decreased with relief of the OAB symptoms in the BPH/OAB patients (P <0.05) , but not in the BPH/non-OAB group (P >0.05). The concentration of PGE2 was not correlated with the IPSS storage score and OABSS of the BPH/OAB patients (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONPatients with BPH/OAB have significantly higher urinary PGE2/Cr levels than those with BPH/non-OAB and normal controls, which tend to decrease with the alleviation of OAB symptoms. Our findings suggest that urinary PGE2 can be a potential biomarker for BPH/OAB.

Aged ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Case-Control Studies ; Dinoprostone ; urine ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; urine ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; complications ; urine

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT) transfection can significantly extend the life cycle of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels so that the cels can continue to maintain pluripotency.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of hTERT gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels on hepatocyte proliferation and apoptosis.
METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from rats were isolated and cultured using direct adherent method. Then, hTERT eukaryotic expression plasmid, pCIneo-hTERT, was transferred into the cels using liposome transfection method. The hTERT-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were co-cultured with hepatocytes at 1:1 (observation group), and meanwhile, non-transfected bone marrow mesenchyam stem cels were co-cultured with hepatocytes at 1:1 (control group), and hepatocytes cultured alone served as single culture group. Effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels on hepatocyte proliferation and apoptosis were observed by MTT assay and immunofluorescence staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proliferative rate of hepatocytes was significantly higher in the observation group than the control and single culture groups (P < 0.05), and the survival rate of hepatocytes was significantly higher in the observation group than the single culture group (P < 0.05). Experimental findings suggest hTERT-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels can inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis but promote hepatocyte proliferation, so as to improve hepatocyte function.

The bilingual teaching must face some innovations and reformations in the contents and methods to acquire some satisfactory outcome.The article discusses some questions of bilingual teaching in paediatrics including the shortage of teachers,the interest deficiency of students,the lack of suitable teaching materials and inferior learning environment,and then provides some useful advice for the innovations of bilingual teaching.

Female ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Humans ; Leukemia ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Diseases, Bacterial ; microbiology ; Soft Tissue Infections ; microbiology

Objective To explore the initial clinical experiences of preoperative endovascular embolization of huge retroperitoneal neurogenic tumor.Methods 5 cases with retroperitoneal neurogenic tumor underwent endovascular embolization before operative resection since Aug.2006~May.2007.Digital subtraction angiography(DSA) was performed during processes in all cases and main tumor's vessels were embolized.Results The processes of endovascular embolization in 5 cases were successfully completed.0~400 ml blood were transfused in these cases.The tumors were excised completely in 4 cases and partly in 1 case.Conclusion Blood loss can be decreased by preoperative endovascular embolization for huge retroperitoneal neurogenic tumors.The extent of embolization should be performed according to individualization.

Objective To investigate the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC) on monocyte chemotactic protein1 (MCP-1) in rejection of cardiac allograft and its mechanisms.Methods Heterotopic cervical heart transplantation was performed by cuff-technique.The SD rat recipients were randomly divided into 3 groups:AR group (Acute rejection,n =12),both the recipients and donors were without any treatment.CsA group(n =12),the recipients were treated with 10 mg/kg cyclosporine A after transplantation.PDTC group(n =12),the recipients were treated with 100 mg/kg PDTC after transplantation.All the cardiac allografts were harvested at different time post transplantation according to requirements.We studied allograft myocardial fibrosis wih the help of Masson stain,immuno-histo-chemistry and western blot also were used to detect the expression of MCP-1.Results The survival time of the cardiac allografts was significantly longer in PDTC group than in acute rejection group and CsA group(P ＜ 0.01),and myocardial fibrosis of cardiac allografts in PDTC group was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01).The IOD in PDTC group was markedly lower than in CsA group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion As the inhibitor of NF-κB,PDTC can significantly relieve rejection of cardiac allograft by inhibiting the expression of MCp-1.

Objective To study the molecular mechanism of the remission in children with acute lymphocyte leukemia(ALL),as well as the expression of thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 3(TRIP3) gene in children with ALL and explore the relationship between TRIP3 and ALL.Methods Fasting venous blood 2-4 mL was collected,anticoagulanted with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA),then perpheral blood mononuclear cells was collected by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation,total RNA was extracted by Trizol one step method.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect TRIP3 expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes in 73 ALL children of different stages and 20 normal children.The relationship between TRIR3 expression in children and ALL release was analyzed.Results 1.Expression of TRIP3 was significantly lower both after initial treatment and during recrudescence than that in normal children(Pa0.05).3.In children with ALL after initial treatment,the remission rate was significantly higher in TRIP3 positive patients than in TRIP3 negative ones(remission rate discern 25.0% vs 84.2%,P

Objective To investigate the effects of methylprednisolone(MP) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 and airway inflammation in murine models of asthma. Methods Thirty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into asthma group,MP group and control group(n=10).Murine models of acute asthma were established by ovalbumin(OVA) via peritoneal injection and intranasal instillation.The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed with HE staining,and cell quantitation was conducted in bronchalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).The expression of MMP-9 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry and gelatin zymogram,and the expression of MMP-9 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group,there were more significant airway spasm and more infiltration of inflammatory cells in histologic examination,and there was higher eosinophil cell quantitation in BALF in asthma group(P

Objective To explore the clinical value of guide-wire shaping in subclavian vein catheter-ization.Methods Totally 400 patients requiring right subclavian vein catheterization were equally divided into two groups according to the clinic date: intervention group ( with guide-wire shaping , n =200 ) and control group (without guide-wire shaping, n=200).The catheterization was carried out by the same doctor .The rates of ectopic wire were compared between the two groups .Results The overall success rate of catheteriza-tion was 98.25%(393/400) [98.5% (197/200) in intervention group and 98.0% (196/200) in control group, P=0.500].The incidence of catheter displacement was 1.02%(2/197) in intervention group, which was significantly lower than that [7.14% (14/196)] in control group (P=0.002).Conclusion As a sim-ple procedure , guide-wire shaping can effectively prevent catheter displacement during catheterization .