It is an important turning point that early diagnosis and prompts initiation of adequate treatment improve the outcomes of primary or secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) which is a rare life-threatening syndrome.Even though the survival rate of the patients with HLH has been improved because of the immunochemotherapy or targeted immunotherapy based on new findings in the immunopathogenesis and the genetic defects,reducing the mortality will be main challenge for the pediatricians in pediatric intensive care unit.All of the clinical features are significant clues for the diagnosis,including continuing fever,specific liver dysfunction with coagulation abnormalities,pancytopenia,hypertriglyceridemia and hyperferritinemia.Defining patients' natural killer cells status during the different stages of sepsis and autoimmune diseases will be guiding innovative immunointerventions.

As the hallmark sequelae of juvenile dermatomyositis(JDM),the calcinosis still bothers approxi-mately one third of the patients,but it was considered a good prognostic sign. Today,however,it is universally acknow-ledged that the calcinosis is instead deemed a marker of the special state and inappropriate treatment for JDM. The treatment of based on disease process,including the biological agents and other immunomodulator,which have been not the radical therapy. However,it is a crucial to alleviate the calcinosis that controlling the long - term chronic inflamma-tion for JDM.

Child ; Dermatomyositis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electromyography ; Glucocorticoids ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Child ; Humans ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome ; diagnosis

The common mucosal immunological system is an important anatomical basis of the allergic disorders.Its function is not only regulated by the susceptibility gene,but also affected the development because of the early life exposure to antibiotics.It is the tangible that early life antibiotic-driven changes in mucosal immune enhance susceptibility to allergic disorders of respiratory system.A holistic approach to study the mucosal immune system as an integrated global organ is imperative for future advances in understanding mucosal immunology and for future treatment of the allergic disorders.This review will be focus on the latest evidence and the mechanisms in driving the lung-gutcross-talk.

This article mainly discusses the relationship between the active treatment concept of the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its positive outcome in long-term prognosis,which is the overall prognosis of SLE benefits from the improvement on the liying conditions of patients with lupus nephritis (LN).Although more argumentations are still required in regards to whether to use the different general conclusions of the meta analysis between the childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) and the early adulthood-onset SLE patients at the same age as more proactive induction therapy in early phase,yet the time point for early therapy before clinical symptoms appearing can be determined and thereby positive anticipation can be achieved through keeping the difference between the long-term prognosis of the cSLE and the adult-onset patients as evidences,and making in-depth study on the innate laws of the heterogeneity of cSLE,meanwhile giving biological markers more application which can be highly reliable in reflecting the morbid status,supported by the study outcomes of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics and further optimization of current immunoregulation/immune inhibitors approaches (as evidences required by long-term effects).

Protein degradation mediated by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is involved in many biological processes.SCF complex is a sort of important E3 ubiquitin-ligase enzyme.Fbx4 protein is one of F-box protein family members,an important component of substrate-specific ScF Fbx4/αβ-crystallin ligase,and a subunit of SCF complex.Inactivation of Fbx4 protein or alteration of its expression level will influence activity of SCF Fbx4/αβ-crystallin ligase,thus will influence expression level of Cyclin D1.And Fbx4 protein is also an important regulatory factor for telomere maintenance.

Bone and Bones ; blood supply ; Tissue Engineering

Good standardized training of resident physicians is indispensable for high quality medical personnel building.This paper gives a brief introduction to the experiences of endocrinology fellowship trainings in three top hospitals in USA.On the basis of current simation in China,a new and improve the quality'is proposed,and a new approach is explored,which is a valuable reference for the endocrine resident trainings in China.

0.05), but in Wistar→SD group and Wistar→SD+CsA group, the serum IL-1? (levels) (increased) as the number of apoptotic cells increased(P