Objective:To explore the corration of pathological classification of brainstem glioma with MRI imaging. Methods: The clinical data of 98 patients with BSG was retrospectively analyzed. of 98 patients, 66 cases were low level of brainstem gliomas, 32 cases were high level of brainstem gliomas. MRI images of different pathological grading of BSG were analyzed. Results:Glioma growth way was similar between the two groups and there was no statistical significance. But the proportion of basal artery circumvolutio, necrosis, growth across the midline of the high level group were significantly higher than the control group, there was a significant statistical significance (P<0.01). And the proportion of the cystic lesion in patients of low level group was obviously higher than that of high level group, with significant difference (P<0.01). of high level group patients with a ratio of tumor>2 cm in diameter was higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The improved forms of high level group were mainly wreath, wall nodules (P<0.01), and improved significantly stronger than the low level group (P<0.01). The main uniformity of high level group in show was characteristics with less uniformity (P<0.01). The MRI measuring minimum thickness was similar between the two groups and had no statistical significance. But MRI measuring thickness, the ratio and gap between maximum thickness and minimum thickness of high level group were bigger than the value of low level group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion:MRI imaging and MRI enhanced characteristics of brainstem glioma may predict and judge the malignant degree and pathological grading of brainstem glioma.

Objective To review psychopathic individuals' moral judgments and the underlying neural mechanisms in order to provide cognitive basis and the corresponding intervention for their socially deviant behavior.Methods Literatures were searched in Academic Search Premier,Science Direct,Highwire,PubMed and Wanfang database by July 2015.Index strategy:AB [psychopathy OR psychopathic] AND AB [moral judgments OR moral reasoning].Forty-seven articles including six in Chinese were chosen based on their abstracts and key words.Results 33 papers were adopted finally including 2 in Chinese.Most of the papers involved representative empirical studies within five years.Conclusion Compared with non-psychopathic individuals,psychopathic individuals are inclined to consider moral transgressions as more acceptable and are more inclined to make utilitarian moral judgments.Their impairment in moral judgments is associated with dysfunction in specific brain regions such as amygdale,dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,and ventromedial prefrontal cortex,and dysfunction in the basic brain system.Psychopathic individuals' moral judgment impairment needs to be examined within the frame of affect and their moral reasoning processes should be investigated in the future.

Objective To develop a sensitive, safe and quick method for determination of ammonia in the air. Methods The air samples collected with multi-hole absorbing tubes were determined by ion chromatography after sampling. Results The recovery rates, precision (relative standard deviation) and detection limit were 97.6%-99.8%, 1.08%-2.93% and 0.05 ?g/ml,respectively. There was no significant difference between this method and chemical method. Conclusion The method is simple, quick, sensitive and suitable for determination of ammonia in the air.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of whole-brain CTA-CTP imaging in cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM).Methods Fifteen patients diagnosed with cAVM by CTA-CTP imaging were included in this retrospective analysis study. The angioarchitecture of cAVM lesions were recorded from 4D-CTA images.Using DSA as the golden standard,the diagnostic accuracy of 4D-CTA was evaluated in 13 cases.The perfusion patterns of vessel nidus and peritumoral tissues were analyzed from the CTP images.Bleeding ratios of patients with different angioarchitecture and perfusion patterns were compared.Results 4D-CTA could dynamically display the angioarchitecture details of cAVM lesions and show the whole process of the contrast agent in and out of the vessel nidus.Although the result of 4D-CTA was consistent with that of DSA in most cases,a few fine feeding arteries and draining veins were missed.The nidus in thirteen cases was with high perfusion and the peritumoral tissues were with low perfusion.Another two cases were with low perfusion due to the presence of hematoma.Nine cAVMs suffered from small size,single feeding artery,deep venous drainage and vessel nidus with increased MTT,peritumoral tissues with decreased MTT were more likely to suffer a hemorrhage (P<0.05).Conclusion Whole-brain CTA-CTP imaging could be a valuable adjunct in noninvasive diagnosis of cAVM and predicting the bleeding risk factors.

Hypoxia is a common characteristic in solid tumors. With the regulation of the transcription of multiple target genes, HIF-1αplays an important role in the energy metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis of tumor cells. HIF-1αcontributes to the adapta-tion of tumor cells and tissue to hypoxia stress through these processes. It also promotes tumor angiogenesis and increases their inva-sive ability and the resistance to radio and chemotherapy. Cancer treatment targeting on HIF-1αis an important potential therapy.

As a highly efficient protein degradation pathway,ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS) plays an important role in maintaining cell function.The role of UPS is becoming a new research focus in molecular mechanism of cognitive function.UPS mainly acts on neurotrans mitter and its receptor,synaptic reguIation,long-term potentiation of postsynaptic poteraiais and neuronal signal transduction,and it may become a new target for the intervention of cognitive dysfunction.

AIM: To study the clinical curative effect of 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy for cataract and vitreoretinal diseases.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 92 patients (99 eyes),including 49 male (53 eyes),43 female (46 eyes) with mean age was 57.1±1.9 years,in our hospital for cataract and vitreoretinal treatment of the disease from February 2013 to February 2016.All patients underwent 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy.Curative effect and complications were observed.RESULTS: Combined surgical procedures were carried out smoothly.posterior capsule rupture did not occurred.seven eyes were filled with BSS fluid,46 eyes with C3F8,49 eyes with intraocular lens at phase Ⅰ,21 eyes placed intraocular lens when silicone oil was removed.The visual acuity improved in 84 eyes (85%),unchaged in 15 eyes (15%).Postoperative complications included transient high intraocular pressure in 18 eyes (18%),anterior chamber reaction in 7 eyes (7%) and corneal edema in 8 eyes (8%).CONCLUSION: The 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy is a safe and effective surgical method with less injury,fewer complications.

Transplantation of engineering cartilage is a better choice for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions.Constructing engineering cartilage needs seeded cells and scaffold materials.The property of scaffold materials has a great influence on the biomechanical features of engineering cartilage.A variety of materials can be used for constructing engineering cartilaginous framework.Exploring the research development of scaffold materials and comparing the effects of their clinical applications is of great significance for further improvement of biomechanical characteristics of the engineering cartilage.

Objective To investigate the change of angiopoietin‐1(Ang‐1)in the peripheral blood of patients with acute re‐spiratory distress syndrome and its relationship with prognosis.Methods A total of 85 hospitalized patients with ARDS were recruited and divided into mild group(n=25) ,moderate group(n=36)and severe group(n=24)according to the oxidation states of patients.Another 40 hospitalized patients without ARDS were included as the control group.The basic clinical data of all pa‐tients were obtained.The expressions of Ang‐1 and Tie2 in the peripheral blood were detected by RT‐PCR.The correlation be‐tween the different variables was analyzed by using Pearson correlation analysis.All patients were divided into survival group(n=47)and death group(n=38)according to the deaths of patients after 28 days.The relevant factors for prognostic of patients with ARDS were analyzed by using multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The effectiveness of Ang‐1 in predicting ARDS was analyzed by using ROC curves.Results In ARDS patients relative to the control patients ,PaO2/FiO2 was decreased ,A‐PACHEⅡ score ,LIS score ,SOFA score ,C‐reactive protein(CRP) ,IL‐6 ,and mortality rates were increased ,and the relative ex‐pressions of Ang‐1 mRNA and Tie2 mRNA in the peripheral blood were decreased ,with the differences being statistically sig‐nificant(P<0.05).The relative expressions of Ang‐1 mRNA and Tie2 mRNA in the peripheral blood in severe group were much lower than in the mild group and moderate group ,those in the moderate group were lower than in the mild group ,and there were significant differences(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expressions of Ang‐1 and Tie2 in the peripheral blood of patients with ARDS were positively correlated with PaO2/FiO2 (P<0.05) ,but were negatively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score ,LIS score ,SOFA score ,CRP and IL‐6 levels(P< 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that PaO2/FiO2 and APACHEⅡ score were independent risk factors for the mortality in patients with ARDS(P<0.05) ,while the relative expressions of Ang‐1 mRNA and Tie2 mRNA were protective factors for the mortality in patients with ARDS(P>0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that when the relative expression of Ang‐1 mRNA was used for the diagnosis of ARDS ,the area under the curve was 0.874(95% CI:0.809-0.938) ,the sensitivity was 72.5% ,and the specificity was 85.9% . Conclusion Down‐expression of Ang‐1 in the peripheral blood of patients with ARDS is closely related with the severity of the patient’s condition.It may accelerate the endothelial cell damage and increase the vascular permeability by reducing the binding to Tie2.It may be used as a prognostic indicator for patients with ARDS.

AIM:To investigate the relationship between serum ghrelin level and body composition including bone mineral content (BMC),fat mass(FM) & lean mass(LM) in premenopausal women with different thyroid functional status.METHODS:We measured the serum ghrelin levels by radioimmunoassay (RIA),the serum levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) and sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone (sTSH) by chemiluminescene immune assay.The total body composition including total BMC,FM and LM was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 71 premenopausal women with different thyroid functional status (33 hyperthyroidism,18 hypothyroidism and 20 normal subjects).RESULTS:(1) The level of serum ghrelin in patients with hyperthyroidism was significantly lower than that in patients with hypothyroidism (P0.05).The serum ghrelin level was correlated negatively with FT3(r=-0.318,P0.05).CONCLUSION:The serum ghrelin level in the premenopausal women with different thyroid functional status may correlate with the total BMC,LM and body weight.