Transforming growth factor-?_1 (TGF-?_) mRNA or protein expression in renal cortex of diabetic rats was assessed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR with SYBR Green,immunohistochemistry or Western blot.After melatonin treatment,the expressions of TGF-?_1 mRNA and protein were decreased,suggesting that beneficial effect of melatonin may result from its antioxidative property and inhibiting TGF-?_1 expressions.

Objective To explore the roles of macrophage inflammatory protein-1?(MIP-1?)in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)of newborn infarnts.Methods Serum samples were obtained in 24,72 h and 7 d after birth respectively from 34 newborn infants with HIE,and 20 newborn infants without HIE as control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method was used to determine the serum concentrations of MIP-1?.Results Levels of MIP-1? in newborn infants with HIE [(12.47?2.51)ng/L]were significantly higher than that of newborn infants without HIE [(8.63?2.63)ng/L](P0.05).Conclusions MIP-1? are involved in HIE of neonates,and the more severe damage,the higher levels in serum,which suggests that,as an inflammatory mediator,the MIP-1? may play an important role in involvement of brain hypoxic-ischemic damage.

Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is an essential feature of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis. The interventions based on changes of syndrome types in randomized controlled trials are complicated, leading to the difficulty of blind method enforcement. This article described a double-blind method. It could be used in randomized controlled trials under the condition of different syndrome types and different medications. It numbered drugs in two stages, and in two phases to achieve double-blind. This method not only guaranteed investigators and subjects to be in blinded conditions, but also achieved using different medications for patients of different syndromes. It also caused no drug waste. It was scientific and feasible.
Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Single-Blind Method

BackgroundPterygia is a clinical common disease.A lot of surgical methods are developed to decrease the recurrence rate.Resent years,the application of fibrin glue is receiving more and more attention.Objective This study was to explore the effects of fibrin glue in decreasing inflammatory irritation and its mechanism. Methods Pterygia models were created in 12 clean rabbits by exsection of limbal tissue and topical administration of 1.25％ diluted hydrochloric acid,and then the conjunctival autograft surgery was performed in the experimental rabbits.The conjunctival flap was sutured in the left eyes,and the conjunctival wound was closed using fibrin glue in the right eyes.The operation duration for each group was documented and compared.The irritation sign was examined under the slit lamp in all the rabbits 1 week and 4 weeks respectively.The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VFGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) proteins in the conjunctiva tissue were detected by immunochemistry,and the expressions of VFGF mRNA and bFGF mRNA in the conjunctival tissue were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The operative duration was (21.3±0.2) minutes in suture group and( 10.1 ±0.1 )minutes in the fibrin glue group with a significant difference between two groups( t =102.242,P＜0.05 ).From 1 week through 4 weeks,the hyperemiain degree was obviously slight in fibrin glue group compared with suture group.Immunochemistry showed that VEGF and bFGF proteins were expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of conjunctival epithelium layer.The positive response intensity was weaker in the fibrin glue group than in suture group 1 week and 4 weeks after operation.RT-PCR revealed that the expression level of VEGF mRNA was significantly lower in fibrin glue group than in suture group,and the VEGF mRNA was gradually decreased with the time lapse ( Fgroup =174.443,P =0.000 ; Ftime =231.459,P =0.000 ).The similar outcomes were found in the expression of bFGF mRNA(Fgroup=41.727,P=0.000;Ftime=55.417,P=0.000). ConclusionsThe use of fibringluecanshortentheoperationdurationandreducepostoperationinflammatoryreaction.The downregulation of VEGF and bFGF in tissue is the possible mechanism of remitting irritation sign,which allows a reduce of the recurrence rate of pterygia.

In industrial glutamate fermentation, intermitted feeding glucose with the help of off-line glucose measurement is generally necessary. This kind of feeding strategy could cause large variations in glucose concentration so that it is not favorable for the achievement of efficient and stable glutamate fermentation. Glutamate fermentation is characterized with typical non-growth association behavior, and during glutamate production phase glucose consumption is closely correlated with ammonia consumption. In this study, glucose concentration was controlled at various pre-determined levels by predicting glucose consumption amount and thus its concentration with the aid of on-line monitoring ammonia consumption. When glucose concentration was controlled around a lower level of 5 g/L~10 g/L, the final glutamate concentration could reach a relatively higher level of 80 g/L. In this way, the huge osmotic stress change due to the large glucose concentration variation with the intermitted feeding method could be avoided and the glutamate fermentation performance enhancement be expected.

The multidisciplinary synthetic therapy for the colorectal liver metastases has been a hot spot in clinical research,which includes operative therapy,tumor local therapy,conversion therapy,chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy and so on. It is need to choose multiple therapies for the patients and make the whole treatment strategy in accordance with the condition of patients to maximize the survival benefit in clinical prac-tice. So,it is important to comprehend the newest research process of the clinical therapy to make a good choice for the colorectal liver metastases patients.

Objective To study the effect of public hospitals vertical integration on scale economy in Shanghai. MethodsA total of 401 samples of 67 hospitals from 1999 to 2004 in Shanghai were collected.Median regression was performed to estimate the multi-output cost function and marginal cost of discharge patients,and scale economies were calculated.Results The independent variables Beds,W,X1,X23,Region,Level,Y03,and Y04 were all predictors of cost.Conclusion Both integrated tertiary and secondary hospitals had scale economy before and after integration.Integration enhanced the output and improved the efficiency of integrated secondary hospitals.To some extent,patients were dispersed to secondary hospitals.

Objective To explore the differences in health care quality,scale,output,efficiency,cost and financial condition between freestanding secondary hospitals and system-affiliated secondary hospitals in Shanghai,and analyse the determinants of hospital integration. Methods Eleven upper secondary hospitals in Shanghai integrated between 2000 and 2004 were selected,and another 40 secondary hospitals (including 30 upper secondary hospitals and 10 middle secondary hospitals) without integration were served as controls. Using related data of 1999,Mann-Whitney U test was performed to analyse the differences between these two groups,and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the determinants of hospital integration. Results There were significant differences in health care quality,scale,and output between these two groups (P0.05). It was revealed by Logistic regression analysis that health care quality,scale,output,and financial condition were determinants of integration. Conclusion System-affiliated secondary hospitals have advantages over freestanding hospitals in health care quality,scale,output and financial condition,and those with better health care quality,larger scale,larger output and better financial condition are more likely to be integrated by tertiary hospitals.

ObjectiveTo determine the utility of the simple body weight support training apparatus used to improve ambulatory function in patients with hemiplegia or paraplegia.Methods38 cases with hemiplegia or paraplegia were randomly divided into control(C,n=10),regular body weight support treadmill training group(R,n=14),simple body weight support training group(S,n=14).All the patients received comprehensive rehabilitation for 6 months.Function Independence Measured(FIM),10 meters ambulatory velocity,Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Barthel Index(BI) were used to evaluate the effect of training.ResultsThe FIM scores and ambulatory velocity of the patients in group R and S improved significantly compared with that of group C.There was no difference of FIM scores and ambulatory velocity between group R and S.ConclusionThe effect of simple body weight support training on improving the ambulatory function is similar to regular body weight support treadmill.

Background:Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies,and intestinal-type GC is the main histopathologic type of GC in China.We previously reported that casein kinase 2 interacting protein 1 (CKIP-1) acts as a candidate tumor suppressor in intestinal-type GC.CKIP-1 participates in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways,including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,of which caudal-related homeobox 1 (CDX1) may be a downstream target gene.The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between CKIP-1 and CDX1 in intestinal-type GC.Methods:Sixty-seven gastroscopy biopsy specimens and surgically resected gastric specimens were divided into four groups:gastric mucosa group,intestinal metaplasia (IM) group,dysplasia group,and intestinal-type GC group.The expression levels of CKIP-1 and CDX1 were detected in these groups and GC cell lines,and the correlations between these expression levels were analyzed.SGC7901 and BGC823 cells were divided into CKIP-1 shRNA groups and CKIP-1 over-expression groups,and CDX1 expression was detected.β-Catenin expression was detected in intestinal-type GC tissue samples and CKIP-1 shRNA and CKIP-1 over-expression SGC7901 cells,and its correlation with CKIP-1 expression in intestinal-type GC tissue was analyzed.The Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor DKK-1 and activator LiCl were incubated with SGC7901 cells,BGC823 cells,and CKIP-1 shRNA and CKIP-1 over-expression SGC7901 and BGC823 cells,following which CDX1 and Ki-67 expression were detected.Results:The expression levels of CKIP-1 and CDX1 were lower in patients with intestinal-type GC than in patients with IM and dysplasia (both P ＜ 0.05).CKIP-1 and CDX1 expression levels were positively correlated in IM,dysplasia,and intestinal-type GC tissue and cell lines (r =0.771,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.597,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.654,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.811,P ＜ 0.01,respectively).CDX1 expression was decreased in the CKIP-1 shRNA groups and increased in the CKIP-1 over-expression groups of SGC7901 and BGC823 cells compared to that in the corresponding control groups (both P ＜ 0.05).CKIP-1 expression was negatively correlated with β-catenin expression in intestinal-type GC patients (r =-0.458,P ＜ 0.01).Compared to the control group,β-catenin expression was increased in the CKIP-1 shRNA SGC7901 cell group and decreased in the CKIP-1 over-expression SGC7901 cell group (P ＜ 0.05).CDX1 expression was increased in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells treated with DKK-1,DKK-1 increased CDX1 expression and decreased Ki-67 expression in the CKIP-1 shRNA group;the opposite result was observed in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells treated with LiCl,and LiCl decreased CDX1 expression and increased Ki-67 expression in the CKIP-1 over-expression group (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions:Through the Wnt/p-catenin signaling pathway,CKIP-1 may positively regulate CDX1 in intestinal-type GC.