Family physicians may be called upon to respond to trauma patients in their clinics or at scene of injury. Managing trauma can be daunting to any physician who encounters it infrequently. The physician first responder needs to shut out the chaos and distractions at scene and focus on a systematic primary survey to assess for injuries with the potential to cause rapid deterioration, institute crucial life-saving interventions and effect rapid evacuation to hospital. This article details a simple approach to guide the family physician to assess and prioritise management of the trauma patient, and augment the work of the paramedics in the pre-hospital phase.

Family physicians may be called upon to respond to trauma patients in their clinics or at scene of injury. Managing trauma can be daunting to any physician who encounters it infrequently. The physician first responder needs to shut out the chaos and distractions at scene and focus on a systematic primary survey to assess for injuries with the potential to cause rapid deterioration, institute crucial life-saving interventions and effect rapid evacuation to hospital. This article details a simple approach to guide the family physician to assess and prioritise management of the trauma patient, and augment the work of the paramedics in the pre-hospital phase.

Objective To investigate effect of coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet and tumor markers in patients with advanced lung cancer by chemotherapy.Methods 21 cases of advanced lung cancer patients were selected to be the experiment group, and 20 healthy people were selected to be the control group.The experiment group were treated by chemotherapy,coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet and tumor markers were compared before and after the treatment.ResuIts Compared with experiment group before chemotherapy, PT, APTT, TT levels of the patients after chemotherapy were lower, serum FIB concentrations were higher (P<0.05); PC and FPS were lower , D-D, PAI-1 concentration level were higher (P<0.05); PLT, MPV, PDW levels were lower (P<0.05); CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, CA125 levels were lower (P<0.05).ConcIusion Chemotherapy can enhance the effect of coagulation system in patients with advanced lung cancer, inhibit the fibrinolytic system and reduce the level of tumor markers.

Through scale-up cultivation of Eriobotrya japonica suspension cells using WAVE bioreactor, the cell growth and ursolic acid (UA) accumulation were studied. The comparison test was carried out in the flask and the reactor with cell dry weight (DW) and UA content as evaluation indexes. The culture medium, DW and UA content were compared in 1 L and 5 L working volumes of bioreactor. The orthogonal test with main actors of inoculation amount, speed and angle of rotation was developed to find the optimal combination, in 1 L working volume of bioreactor. DW of the cell growth and the UA content in bioreactor were higher than those of the shaker by 105.5% and 27.65% respectively. In bioreactor, the dynamic changes of elements in the fluid culture, the dry weight of the cell growth and the UA content in 1 L and 5 L working volumes were similar. Inoculation of 80 g, rotational speed of 26 r · min(-1), and angle of 6 ° was the optimal combination, and the cell biomass of 19.01 g · L(-1) and the UA content of 27.750 mg · g(-1) were achieved after 100 h cultivation in 1 L working volume of bioreactor. WAVE Bioreactor is more suitable than flasks for the E. japonica cell suspension culture, and culture parameters can be achieved from 1 L to 5 L amplification.
Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Eriobotrya ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; metabolism

0.05).The positive rate of Uu in biovar 2 show a significant difference(P0.05).(2)The fallopian tubes infected by biovar2 have a high rate(90%)of ciliary adhesion and exuviation.While there is a low rate(10%)for biovarl with ciliary adhesion and exuviation.There was significant difference between the two groups of Uu (P

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Jisuikang (Chinese characters) on Nogo-NgR gene expression, and to explore the protective effects and mechanism of Jisuikang (Chinese characters) on spinal cord injury in rats.

METHODSOne hundred eighty female rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups(30 rats per group). Sham group: T10 lamina was resected only and spinal cord was untreated. Model group: spine cord injury (SCI) was created with a modified impinger of Allen's by impacting on the T10 spinal cord. Prednisolone group: Prednisolone (0.06 g/kg) was given by intragastric administration at a time interval of 24 hours after operation. The Jisuikang (Chinese characters) high, moderate and low dose groups: Jisuikang (Chinese characters) was supplied with different dose (50 g/kg, 25 g/kg, 12.5 g/kg) by intragastric administration in rats after operation,for the first time at 30 min after surgery. Animals were killed 3, 7, 14 days after surgery. The expression levels of Nogo-A and NgR were observed by Western Blot and Real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe expression of Nogo-A and NgR was at the basic level at all time points in sham group. Compared with model group, the protein expression levels of Nogo-A and NgR in sham, prednisolone, Jisuikang (Chinese characters) moderate dose groups were statistically significant at all time points (P < 0.05). No difference was found in Jisuikang (Chinese characters) high and low dose groups (P > 0.05). Three days after surgery, the mRNA levels of Nogo-A and NgR in treatment group were significantly lower than that in model group (P < 0.01); 7 days after surgery,Nogo-A and NgR mRNA expression were dramatically upregulated and peaked; 14 days after operation, the expression was decreased, but still significantly higher than that in other treatment groups (P < 0.01). Prednisolone and Jisuikang (Chinese characters) moderate dose groups showed the most significant effects among all groups,but there was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe decoction Jisuikang (Chinese characters) can promote the nerve cell regeneration by regulating Nogo-A and NgR gene expression, activating Nogo- NgR signaling pathways after acute spinal cord injury.

Animals ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myelin Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology ; Nerve Regeneration ; drug effects ; Nogo Proteins ; Nogo Receptor 1 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Retinoid resistance has limited clinical activity of retinoids as differentiation-inducing and apoptosis-inducing drugs. The present study was designed to investigate whether celecoxib (selective COX-2 inhibitor) has effects on cellular retinoid sensitivity of human colon cancer cell lines and its possible mechanism. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V/PI staining and flow cytometry assay. PGE2 production was measured by ELISA assay. Expression of RARbeta was assayed by Western blotting. The results showed that celecoxib enhanced the inhibitory effect of ATRA in both COX-2 high-expressing HT-29 and COX-2 low-expressing SW480 cell lines. Further study showed the ATRA and celecoxib combination induced greater apoptosis, and the addition of PGE2 did not affect the number of apoptotic cells induced by the combination. Moreover, NS398 (another selective COX-2 inhibitor) did not affect the inhibitory effects of ATRA on both cell lines. Western blotting showed that the expression of RARbeta in HT-29 cell lines increased in celecoxib group and combination group. And the addition of PGE2 did not affect the expression of RARbeta induced by celecoxib either. In conclusion, celecoxib increased expression of RARbeta and cellular ATRA sensitivity through COX-2-independent mechanisms, which may provide a potential strategy for combination therapy.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Celecoxib ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Drug Synergism ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Nitrobenzenes ; pharmacology ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; metabolism ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE To explore the advantage and feasibility of fluorescent antibody method for detection of blood type in biological material. METHODS: According to theory of specific binding of antigen and antibody, at first the anti-A monoclonal antibody (MA) and anti-B MA were labeled with the fluorescent, then fluorescent-labeled antibodies (FLA) were bound with corresponding biological material (such as bloodstain) in the optimum condition, finally the ABO blood type of bloodstain was determined under microscope fluorescent. RESULTS: The fluorescent antibody method is highly sensitive, accurate and simple. CONCLUSION The fluorescent antibody method is an accurate and reliable method for detection of ABO blood type in biological material.
ABO Blood-Group System/immunology* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/blood* ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Blood Group Antigens/blood* ; Blood Stains ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique/methods* ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVEThe fluorescence labeled multi-PCR system was applied to investigate the allele frequency of the 13 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 314 Guangxi Zhuang populations, and to evaluate their application value in forensic medicine.

METHODSThirteen autosomal diallelic SNP loci were selected and the SNP genotyping system of fragment length discrepant allele specific fluorescence labeled multi-PCR technique was applied to investigate their allele frequency distribution in Guangxi Zhuang population.

RESULTSThe allele frequencies of the 13 single nucleotide pdymorphism (SNP) in Guangxi Zhuang population were obtained, which shows that the allele frequency distribution is in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Their heterozygosity was between 0.2166 and 0.5478, the polymorphism information content was between 0.2084 and 0.3750, their cumulate discrimination probability was 99.99%, and the cumulate exclusion power was 87.71%.

CONCLUSIONSeveral SNP loci could be genotyped simultaneously using the fluorescence labeled fragment length discrepant multiplex-PCR technique; the 13 SNP loci have a highly applicable value in the field of forensic personal identification.

China ; ethnology ; Female ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Minority Groups ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of the polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) exon 4 608T/G, 561A/C, 537A/C and 527A/C, and -65G/C with warfarin sensitivity.

METHODSA total of 102 patients under warfarin anticoagulant therapy were selected. During follow-up, warfarin dosage and associated Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio (P-INR) values were recorded. Simultaneous monitoring of incidence of bleeding and thrombosis adverse effect was recommended. Genetic polymorphisms of the above mentioned loci were identified by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing.

RESULTSThe average age of the 102 patients was (62.1+/-10.5) years. The body mass index (BMI) was (24.7+/-3.8) kg/m2. Mean daily warfarin requirement was from 1.250 to 5.077 mg/day when therapeutic PT-INR (1.5-2.5) was maintained. DNA sequencing showed no polymorphisms of 608T/G, 561A/C, 537A/C, 527A/C in CYP2C9 exon 4. Warfarin daily dosage in CYP2C9 exon 4 -65C carriers was 3.106+/-0.619 mg/d, while it was (2.555+/-0.708) mg/d in individuals with wild-type -65G (P=0.020). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that warfarin daily dosage of more than 2.5 mg/d can be used to predict the CYP2C9 exon 4 -65GC genotype (AUC: 0.770, P=0.005, 95%CI:0.626-0.915). Logistic regression indicated that BMI was an independent factor of bleeding during anti-coagulation therapy (OR=0.794, 95%CI: 0.651-0.970, P=0.024).

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese population are, generally, warfarin-sensitive. Exon 4 of the CYP2C9 gene is highly conserved in this population. The warfarin maintenance dosage in CYP2C9 exon 4 -65CG carriers was significantly higher than those with wild-type -65GG. The clinical significance needs further investigation with more large-scale, multi-center trials.

Adult ; Alleles ; Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Thrombosis ; drug therapy ; Warfarin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use