Animals ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Dogs ; Genetic Therapy ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; genetics ; Hindlimb ; blood supply ; Ischemia ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Plasmids

Objective To discuss the effect of competency based education practice teaching model on vocational nursing students with ability training.Methods Totally 96 vocational nursing students were divided into control group from July 2014 to May 2015,receiving routine mentoring teaching mode and totally 99 vocational nursing students were divided into learning group from July 2015 to May 2016,receiving competency based education practice teaching model.Theoretical examination and clinical operation skill test as well as self evaluation of caring ability and transitional nursing ability were conducted to both groups after the course to compare the test scores and the change of their caring ability and transitional nursing ability.SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis,and independent samples t test was used between the two groups.Results The theoretical scores of the nursing students in the experimental group ([93.70 ± 4.27) vs.(88.00 ± 4.83)] and skill test [[95.70 ± 2.49] vs.(91.40 ± 2.87)] were higher than those of the control group;caring ability score [(189.3 ± 13.5) vs.(179.4 ± 10.4)],with the average score of cognitive dimension (51.6 ± 9.8) vs.(50.2 ± 10.3)],the dimension of courage (70.2 ± 6.5) [vs.(65.7 ± 8.4)],average patient dimension (63.4 ± 4.8) vs.5.4)];transitional nursing ability score [(124.95 ± 24.06) vs.(118.18 ± 20.41)],the dimension of knowledge sharing [(38.43 ± 8.22) vs.(36.08 ± 7.23)],average score of attitude dimension [(54.08 ± 10.66)vs.(51.02 ± 9.16)],average score of behavior dimension [(32.43 ± 6.25) vs.(32.43 ± 6.25)],which were all increased compared with the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Competency based education practice teaching mode achieves good teaching effect and it is worth recommending in clinical teaching.

Objective: To establish an HPLC fingerprint chromatography and determine seven compounds of multi-components in Shuangyu Granules (SG). Methods: The Kromasil C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) column was used with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05% trifluoroacetic acid gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min, the column temperature was 30℃, and the detection wavelengths were 230 and 327 nm. The common peaks were identified by Q-TOF/MS. Results: The fingerprint chromatography included 17 mutual peaks, and the similarity was more than 0.95. Fourteen common peaks had been identified by LC-Q-TOF/MS, seven of which were unequivocally identified via comparing the retention times and mass spectra data with those of the standard compounds. Then the seven marker components were quantified. The developed quantitative method was validated in terms of accuracy (the recoveries ranged from 97.8% to 101.8% with RSDs less than 2%). Conclusion: The method is rapid, simple, and accurate and can be used for the quality control of SG.

Objective: To establish an HPLC fingerprint of Longxue Tongluo Capsule (LTC), to determine the multi-components in LTC, and to provide the basis for the evaluation of LTC. Methods: The Kromasil C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid gradient elution, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 35℃, and the detection wavelength was 280 and 325 nm. Ten batches of LTC were detected to eatablish fingerprints, the common peaks were identified by Q-TOF/MS, and some of the characteristic peaks were analyzed. Results: The fingerprint chromatography with good resolution and reproducibility included 18 mutual peaks, and the similarity was more than 0.92.Sixteen common peaks had been identified by LC-Q-TOF/MS, seven of which were unequivocally identified via comparing the retention time, mass spectra, and MS/MS spectra data with those of the standard compounds. Then the seven maker components were identified as resveratrol, 7,4'-dihydroxy flavone, loureirin A, loureirin B, pterostilbene, 2,6-dimethoxy-4,4'-dihydroxydihydrochalcone, and 2-methoxy-4,4'-dihydroxydihydrochalcone. The seven components were quantified, and the recoveries ranged from 98.47% to 101.93% with RSD values of less than 2.27%. Conclusion: The method is rapid, simple, and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of LTC.

To study the chemical constituents of Tianshu Capsule in vivo and in vitro. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used as the analytic method. The ferulic acid, caffeic acid, ligustrazine hydrochloride, gastrodin, 5-hydroxymethy furfural, and ligustilide were used as the reference compounds. The information on the total ion chromatogram, extraction chromatogram and the mass spectrogram were synthetically analyzed to confirm the constituents of Tianshu Capsule in vivo and in vitro. Twenty-four compounds from Tianshu Capsule were detected among five constituents came from Tianma and 19 constituents came from Chuanxiong. After oral administration of Tianshu Capsule, 13 compounds were absorbed into plasma. The findings obtained from the study can provide the useful information for the determination of bioactive substances and the perfection of quality standard of Tianshu Capsule.

Background Cellular autophagy is a non-apoptosis death form of tumor tissue.Research determined that arsenie trioxide (As2O3) leads to apoptosis of tumor cells.But whether As2O3 induce autophagy of SO-Rb50 cells or not is unclear.Objective This study was to assess the effects of As2O3 on autophagy of SO-Rb50 cells.Methods As2O3 with the concentration of 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 μmol/L was used to treat the SO-Rb50 cell line for 48 hours,and the growth and proliferation of SO-Rb50 cells were detected using MTT assay (A570).pGFP-LC3,a marker of autophagy,was constructed to transfer SO-Rb50 cells,and the cells were then divided into RPMI-1640 culture group (untreated group),As2O3 + RPMI-1640 culture group (As2O3 treated group) and rapamycin culture group (positive control group).Autophagy of SO-Rb50 cells was examined by laser confocal microscope and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) influorescence staining,respectively,48 hours following cell culture.Ultrastructural features of autophagy were examined with transmission electron microscope (TEM).The percentage of autophagy positive cells in different concentrations of As2O3 treated groups was calculated with flow cytometer.Results The A570 values of SO-Rb50 cells were 2.194±0.066,1.841 ±0.213,1.035±0.046,0.374±0.042 and 0.167±0.019 in 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 μmol/L As2O3 treated groups,with a significant difference among these 5 groups(F=547.636,P＜0.05),and those of 0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 μmol/L As2O3 treated groups were significantly reduced in comparison with untreated group (P =0.000).The positive granular spots for GFP-LC3 chimeric protein were seen to aggregate in autophagic vacuoles in the As2O3 treated group and positive control group,but diffuse cytoplasmic signal for GFP-LC3 was found in the untreated group.Normal ultrastructure of SO-Rb50 cells was exhibited in the untreated group,and many double-membrane-like bound vesicles and autlysosomes were documented in the As2O3 treated group and positive control group under the TEM.A lots of MDC fluorescence granule were found in the As2O3 treated group and positive control group rather than the untreated group.Flow cytometry showed that the percentages of SO-Rb50 cells were 0,15.6％,42.7％,57.9％,79.5％ and 89.0％ in the 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 μmol/L As2O3 groups and positive control group,respectively,showing a As2O3 concentration-dependent increase.Conclusions As2O3 can induce the autophagy of SO-Rb50 cells and inhibit the proliferation of SO-Rb50 cells.Autophagic response of SO-Rb50 cells appears prior to the nuclear change after exposed to As2O3.The degree of autophagy of SO-Rb50 cells is associated with As2O3 dose.

Because of the changed metabolic behaviors of cancer cells, tumor cells uptake a corresponding larger amount of glucose in physiological condition when compared with normal cells. And they were prone to metabolize glucose for generating energy in anaerobic glycolysis ways in order to grow quickly. Anaerobic glycolysis consumes more glucose than aerobic way when the same amount of energy is obtained, which also results in large demand of glucose in tumor cells. This review briefly describes therapy methods related to characteristic mentioned above, and summarizes the research progress of drugs, diagnostic reagents and carriers conjugated with glucose, glucose derivatives or other kinds of sugars for cancer targeting. Furthermore, typically relative research reports from 2012 till now were listed and analyzed.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Carriers ; Energy Metabolism ; Glucose ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Glycoconjugates ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Glycolysis ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; Humans ; Ifosfamide ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Nitroimidazoles ; chemistry ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; chemistry

The effects of ultrafine grinding on the dissolution rates of the effective components in Sanjie Zhentong capsule (SZC) were studied in this experiment. Fine and ultrafine powder of SZC intermediates were made by ordinary grinding and ultrafine grinding technology, and then granulated by wet granulation. SZC were prepared by fine powder, ultrafine powder and ultrafine granules, respectively. With resveratrol and loureirin B as investigated indexes, dissolution rates of the four intermediates in SZC were determined by cup method and HPLC. The dissolution rates of resveratrol in SZC prepared by fine powder, ultrafine powder and ultrafine granules were 26.11%, 63.27%, 67.49%, respectively; and the dissolution rates of loureirin B were 7.160%, 20.29%, 23.05%, respectively. The dissolution rate of resveratrol and loureirin B in SZC prepared by ultrafine granules was the best. D90 size of ultrafine grinding was 13.221 μm and could improve the dissolution rates of resveratrol and loureirin B in SZC.
Capsules ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Silicones ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

A fragment sized 400bp of White spot syndrome virus（WS SV，formerly de signated NOSV），recovered from recombinant plasmid pAFD, was labeled with Digox igenin as a probe to detect dynamic distribution of WSSV within 120h and 72h in crawfishes（Cambarus proclarkii） inoculated WSSV by oral taking and injecti on r espectively. Stomach epithelium, intestine epithelium, heart, gill, haemolymph, muscle, hepatopancreas, hypoderm, connective tissue and ovary of infected crawfi shes were examined for WSSV. In both groups, WSSV was first detected in heamoly mph at 12h p.i. and then disappeared. Again it was detected at 96h p.i. only in oral infection group and maintained till 120h p.i., but it didn't appear at 72h p.i. in injection group. WSSV in heart, muscle was detected at 36h p.i. in oral infection group and 24h p.i. in injection group respectively, and then increased generally. In addition, WSSV in intestine epithelium, connective tissue, ovary of oral infection group and intestine epithelium, hypoderm, ovary of injection g roup could also be detected. In dead crawfishes after 120h and 72h p.i. in two groups, WSSV could be detected in all the examined tissues and it demonstrated t hat systemic infection occurred in the animales. The tissue containing more amo unts of WSSV was hypoderm in oral infection group, while intestine epithelium, g ill, hypoderm, ovary in injection infection group. It deduced that WSSV first a ppears in haemolymph and then goes into heart, muscle and other tissues and prol iferates in them. Once again, WSSV is released into heamolymph resulting in syst emic infection till crawfishes' death.

Objective To observe the behavior changes and synaptic reconstruction of brain and the impact of gastrodin in rats with epilepysy induced by pentylenetetrazole.Methods Fifty Wistar rats in growth(50-70 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) group,gastrodin high dose group,gastrodin low dose group and sodium valproate group,each group had 10 rats.According to Racine classification,the behavior changes of rats and the frequency were recorded.Conventional method was adopt to perfuse cordis, fix and extract the brain,and the immunohistochemistry was used to detect synaptophysin(P38) expression in the temporal lobe and hippocampus of the brain after 4 weeks.Results 1.Four weeks after pentylenetetrazole ignited the growth period rats,the attack-level of each experimental group through comparison with each other,there was statistically significant difference(?2=35.83 P0.05).Conclusions There are mossy fiber sprouting and the formation of synaptic reconstruction in temporal lobe and hippocampus of the growth period rats repea-tedly ignited by pentylenetetrazole.Gastrodin may play a role in the formation of antiepileptic obviously,and through decreasing the expression of P38,which can inhibit the formation of synaptic reconstruction,as control seizures indirectly.