Phase Ⅱ metabolic enzymes play pivotal role in the biotransform and metabolism of exogenous substances, which might influence its ability of metabolism and detoxification to exogenous carcinogens.Polymorphism have been demonstrated in various phase Ⅱ metabolic enzymes and etiology studies showed that individuals exposed to the same environment could develop different susceptibility to tumorigenesis due to different metabolic enzyme polymorphism. Here, we summarized the effects of phase Ⅱ metabolic enzyme polymorphism on the risk of cancer.

We observed in a pilot study that there was a transient elevation of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level shortly after the transplantation in the patient with ischemic heart failure, which is unexplainable by the simultaneous increase of the cardiac output and six-minute walk distance. Similar findings were observed in the phase I trial. We postulated on the basis of the finding of Fukuda in vitro that this transient elevation of BNP level against the improvement of cardiac function and exercise capacity might indicate cardiomyogenesis in patients after mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Further study is warranted to verify the hypothesis.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Development ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; physiology ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Ventricular Remodeling

Objective: To investigate the expression of Th1/Th2 inflammatory cytokines IL-2, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-4, and IL-10 in rat treatment model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) -induced ulcerative colitis. Methods: Forty Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into a normal group, a colitis model group, a sulfasalazine(SASP)-treatment group (SASP group) and a Jiechangning-treatment group (Jiechangning group) (each groupn=10). Disease activity index (DAI) and colorectal histological damage scale were assessed. The expression levels of cytokines IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 in the serum and the colon mucosa tissues were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results: Compared with the colitis model group, the DAI and colorectal histological damage scale were decreased in the Jiechangning group (bothP<0.05), but there was no obvious difference compared with the SASP group (P>0.05). There was no signiifcant difference in IL-2 expression both in the serum and the colon mucosa tissues before or after the treatment in various groups (P>0.05). Compared with the colitis model group, IFN-γ level both in the serum and the colon mucosa tissues was decreased in the SASP group and the Jiechangning group, with significant difference in the serum (bothP<0.05), but there was significant difference in the colon mucosa tissues only in the Jiechangning group (P<0.05). The serum IL-4 level in the SASP group and the Jiechangning group was increased compared with that in the colitis control group, with significant difference only in the Jiechangning group (P<0.05). There was no difference in IL-4 level in the colon mucosa tissues whether treated or not (P>0.05). IL-10 level both in the serum and the colon mucosa tissues in the SASP group and the Jiechangning group was increased compared with that in the colitis model group, with significant difference (allP<0.05). There was no difference in the expression level of cytokines IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 both in the serum and the colon mucosa tissues between the SASP group and the Jiechangning group (allP>0.05).
Conclusion: DSS can break the balance of Th1/Th2 expression in the colon. Jiechangning enema can ameliorate DSS-induced acute experimental colitis in rats by decreasing IFN-γ level and increasing IL-10 level both in the serum and the colon mucosa tissues to regulate the Th1/Th2 balance and improve immunity.

Herpetin (HPT) is an active monomer constituent isolated from lignanoid in seeds of Herpetospermum caudigerum. HPT shows inhibitory effects in hepatic injury and HBV-DNA and the replication. In the study, we successfully prepare herpetin liposomes by film dispersion method for the first time. The prescription process was optimized, with the entrapment efficiency as the index. According to the optimized prescription, the mass ratio of HPT: phospholipids: cholesterol was 2.44:78.05: 19.51, the hydration and de-molding process was performed with 0.5% F68 solution at 50 degrees C, and the water-bath ultrasonic time was 20 min. The HPT liposomes prepared by this method showed an average entrapment efficiency of (94.50 +/- 2.15)% and a particle size of (119.2 +/- 10.7) nm, which was consistent with the trial expectations and will lay a solid foundation for the hepatic targeting delivery system in future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Cholesterol ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Ultrasonics

Based on the clinical skill competition of college students of the advanced medical colleges and universities nationwide,we aimed at the analysis on the weaknesses of medical emergency clinical practical teaching and emphasis on the theoretical education and neglect the practical education,and humanistic care,etc.In the clinical practice teaching of emergency,we combined the clinical skill training with physician occupation quality training,pay attention to the practice of advanced simulation exercises,gradual transition,clinical thinking,training medical students hands-on,team cooperation ability and humane accomplishment,to improve their ability of analyzing and solving problems and eventually optimize medical emergency clinical practical teaching,formulate the clinical practice standards as well as promote the reform and innovation of clinical teaching.

High-performance liquid chromatographic coupled with variable wavelength detection (HPLC-VWD) has been developed for simultaneous determination of 5 analytes including ellagic acid, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-rutinoside, tiliroside and kaempferol, and high-performance liquid chromatographic with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) has been established to determine goshonoside-F5 in extract of Rubi Fructus. Chromatographic separations were carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5.0 microm). All calibration curves of reference standards revealed good linearity (R2 > 0.999 5) within the concentration ranges tested. The method limits of detection ranged 0.297-90.144 ng and the method limits ofquantitation ranged 0.990-300.480 ng, respectively. Recoveries of 6 analytes were from 97.11% to 101.7%, with RSD less than 2.1%. The result shows that amounts of the 6 analytes in the samples from 16 localities were found to be different. The higher latitude of growing environment, the more ellagic acid in herb. The content of total flavonoids in sample from east localities were higher than that in middle and west localities, and the content of goshonoside-F5 in Bozhou, Anhui province was higher than others. This method was found to be simple, accurate, sensitive with good repeatability. Those results might serve as a sound foundation for further study, quality control and application of Rubi Fructus.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ellagic Acid ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Geography ; Rosaceae ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,the diagnosis and therapy of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma.Methods Thirty-two cases of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma were collected from January 1980 to December 2010 and their clinic data were retrospectively analysised.Results In the whole group,there were totally 66 lesions in 30 cases of double primary lesion and 2 cases of three primary lesion.The length of the lesions were 1 cm to 6.5 cm,and there were 22 lesions in cervical esophagus,10 in upper thoracic esophagus,19 in midthoracic esophagus and 15 in lower thoracic esophagus.Within the 66 lesions,65 lesions were squamous cell carcinoma and 1 was adenocarcinoma.The mucosa between the lesions were normal,with a distance of 4 cm to 9.5 cm,average 7.1 cm.Thirty-two patients with synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma received surgery.Among 32 cases,26 of them were given definite diagnosis before operation.Four of them had exploratory operation,one patient underwent palliative resection,27 patients underwent radical resection.Two cases of the pathologic results of esophageal stump showed carcinoma after operation.The complications occurred in 8 patients.Twenty-eight cases were followed up after operation,the 1,3 and 5-survival rate were 76.9％,43.3 and 14.8％,respectively.Conclusion General pre-operation examination can significant helpful for the definite diagnosis of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma and surgical treatment is better choice for this disease.

Objective To study the influence of sex on the prognosis in acute ST elevated myocardial in- farction(STEMI)patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods :The risk factors, coronary angiography and prognosis in 478 males and 101 females with STEMl were compared.Results:Mortality of STEMI was significantly different in different age groups(P<0.01).The attack of the STEMI in women was 10 vears later than that of men(P<0.01),especially in those women whose age was over 71 years oId.The complica- tion ratio of hypertension and type 2 mellitus diabetes was higher in female patients than that in male(P<0.01). More multi-vessel lesions were found in female patients than those in male(P<0.01).The incidence of in-hospital mortality,pseudoaneurysm,haematoma Was significantly higher in females than in males(P<0.05.P<0.01).Con- clusions The in-hospital mortalitv and puncture complications in STEMI female patients treated with primary PCI are higher than male patients.

Objective: To observe the influence of Nie-pinching the spine manipulation on the excretory rate of urine D-xylose in the infants with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, and to assess the clinical effects. Methods:Sixty infants in conformity with the diagnostic criteria of diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group by the random digital table, 30 cases in each group. The infants in the treatment group were treated by Nie-pinching the spine manipulation and traditional infantile tuina, in addition to the routine basic treatment. The infants in the control group were treated by the same traditional infantile tuina in addition to the routine basic treatment. The infants in the two groups were treated once every day, 4 weeks as a course. Totally, the treatment was given for a course. The symptom integrals of spleen deficiency were used to assess the improvement in the symptoms. The colorimetry was used to determine the excretory rate of urine D-xylose. Results:In the comparison of the same group before and after the treatment, the differences in the global score of spleen deficiency symptoms and the excretory rate of urine D-xylose in the two groups were statistically significant (allP<0.01). After the treatment, the differences in the global score of spleen deficiency symptoms and the excretory rate of urine D-xylose between the two groups were all statistically significant (bothP<0.01). Conclusion:Chiropractics can reduce the integrals of spleen deficiency symptoms and elevate the excretory rate of urine D-xylose in the infants with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, so as to enhance the therapeutic effects by alleviating the symptoms of spleen deficiency and the absorptive function of the small intestine.

ObjectiveTo apply the Schwann cell neurilemma channel(SCNC) in promoting the regeneration of injuried spinal cord.MethodsSpinal cords of rats after laminectomy at T8/9 were divided in 3 groups randomly: 10 rats were transplanted with SCNC(Group A);10 rats only made models(Group B);10 rats were as normal control group(Group C).All rats received behaviour survey and inclined plane test every week 8 weeks after operation.6 weeks after operation,they were measured with cortical somatosensory evoked potential(CSEP).And 8 weeks after operation,all specimens were studied histologically.ResultsCSEP could be recorded in group A and C,but not in group B.There were marked differenties between group A or C and group B in behavior survey,inclined plane test.Amount of nerve fibers regenerated through the injury gap in group A was significantly larger than that in group B.ConclusionSCNC could facilitate axonal regeneration and promote the repairing of injuried spinal cord.