In 2010, Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee officially enacted Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). The Volume 1 of the pharmacopoeia is comprised of the medicinal materials and the decoction pieces, the essential oils and extracts of medicinal plants, prescription preparations and single preparation, etc., which not only provides Latin names of Chinese medicinal materials, also provided Latin names of the original medicinal plants to effectively control the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. In order to raise awareness of correctly citation and maintain the authority and standardization of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, this paper briefly describes abbreviations rules of authors' name of plant scientific name according to the 'International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, ICBN'. Through comparing with the rules of ICBN, 'Flora of China' (Chinese edition and English edition), and authority international plant catalogue databases, the authors made statistic and analysis of the non-standard cited authors' names phenomena of the original plant scientific names recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), and the revision suggestions are proposed.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Authorship ; China ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; classification ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacopoeias as Topic ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Reference Standards ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To establish an Apak gene stable and permanent knockout cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 system in human colon cancer cells ( HCT116 cells), and study the effect of Apak knock-out on p53 activity and apoptosis. Methods The lentiCRISPR v2-sgRNA Apak expression plasmid was co-transfected with lentivirus coated plasmids pSPAX2 and pMD2.G.The supernatant was collected, filtered, and used to infect HCT116 cells.The positive clones were screened out by puromycin culture and Western blot was used to detect Apak knockout cell lines.Luciferase reporter gene assay, flow cytometry analysis and colony formation assay were used to examine p53 activity and apoptosis of Apak knockout cells, respectively.Results Apak knockout HCT116 cell lines were generated in which p53 activity and apoptosis were increased,but the colony formation was decreased.Conclusion The Apak stable knockout cell lines of HCT116 are successfully generated by CRISPR/Cas9 system for further functional study.

Objective To explore the effect of community comprehensive rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with stroke sequelae under the family medical service mode. Methods From October, 2013 to October, 2014, 51 patients with stroke sequelae received compre-hensive rehabilitation intervention for three months, including rehabilitation training, rehabilitation guidance, health education and psycho-logical counseling. They were assessed with modified Barthel index (MBI), WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DASⅡ), Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), Brain Injury Community Rehabilitation Outcome Scales (BICRO-39), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after intervention. Results The scores of physical functionning, role physical, general health, mental health, social functioning and the total score in SF-36 increased after intervention (t>2.072, P<0.05). The scores of so-cial contact, locomotivity, self handling transaction ability and the total score in BICRO-39 decreased after intervention (t>2.434, P<0.05), as well as the scores of getting along with people, housework and society and participation in WHO-DAS II (t>2.507, P<0.05). Conclusion In the community health service, comprehensive rehabilitation guided by multidisciplinary rehabilitation team can facilitate to improve the quality of life in patients with stroke sequela.

Background:CpG island methylator phenotype(CIMP)involving tumor suppressor gene( TSG)on short arm of chromosome 3(chromosome 3p)has been found in various types of cancers. However,its correlation with gastric cancer has not been clarified. Aims:To study the clinical significance of CIMP involving TSG on chromosome 3p in gastric cancer. Methods:Methylation specific PCR(MSP)was used to examine methylation profiles for hOGG1,VHL,RAR-B, hMLH1,SEMA3B,RASSF1A,BLU and FHIT harbored in chromosome 3p in 100 gastric cancer and paired paracancerous tissues. High CIMP( CIMP-H)was referred for those samples having four or more synchronously methylated genes. Relationship between CIMP-H and clinicopathological characteristics in gastric cancer was analyzed. Results:Positive methylation rates of VHL(P = 0. 030),hMLH1(P < 0. 001),SEMA3B(P = 0. 003),RASSF1A(P < 0. 001)and FHIT(P < 0. 001)were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissue than in paracancerous tissue. Incidence of CIMP-H rate in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissue(44. 0% vs. 4. 0% ,P < 0. 001). CIMP-H was negatively correlated with degree of tumor differentiation(P = 0. 004),and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis(P = 0. 005),but not correlated with gender,age,tumor location,tumor size,depth of infiltration and TNM staging(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:CIMP on chromosome 3p may occur in early stage of oncogenesis of gastric cancer,and influencing tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis.

To elucidate the anti-depressive effect of Fufang Chaigui prescription and its mechanism and investigate its effect on neuroendocrine hormone, rats were included into a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model for 28 d, and drugs were administered at the same time. During the period, rats' behaviors were observed and the blood was collected by using ELISA to determine representative hormone concentrations of HPAA, HPTA and HPGA. The changes in endogenous metabolites were analyzed by using H NMR metabolomics to seek the potential biomarkers. Results showed Fufang Chaigui prescription could improve the behaviors of CUMS rats obviously, increase contents of ACTH, CORT, T₃and decrease contents of TSH and TESTO and regulate the levels of lactate, α-glucose, choline, N-acetylglycoprotein, trimethylamine oxide and leucine to get closer to the contents of control group. The results of correlation analysis indicated that HPTA was associated with glycometabolism, amino acid metabolism and choline metabolism. And HPAA was related to glycometabolism and amino acid metabolism. However, HPGA was only correlated with glycometabolism. In conclusion, Fufang Chaigui prescription could show an obvious anti-depressive effect and its underlying mechanism might involve regulations of neuroendocrine function and pathways of glycometabolism, amino acid metabolism and choline metabolism.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; Behavior, Animal ; Depression ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Neurosecretory Systems ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serum ; chemistry ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Yunpi Rougan Fang on serum and colon tissue serum serotonin(5-HT),vasoactive peptide(VIP)and substance P(SP)in constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome rats,to explore its possi-ble mechanism and relevance.METHODS 42 SPF Wistar rats,Six rats were randomly selected as normal group,the remai-ning 36 rats were modeled by ice water for 14 d,evaluation model,30 rats were randomly selected and randomly divided into Chinese medicine high,medium and low dose group,western medicine group,model control group,each group had 6 rats.The Chinese medicine low,middle and high dose groups were treated with 12.2,24.4,48.8 g/(kg·d),Mosapride group with moxapril suspension 1.35 mg/(kg·d)gavage,model control group and blank group were given equal amount of distilled water to fill the stomach.After 14 d,the levels of 5-HT,VIP and SP in the serum and the levels of 5-HT and VIP in the colon tissue were measured.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the expression of 5-HT and VIP in serum and colon tissue immu-nization in the model control group was increased significantly(P<0.01),the expression of SP in serum was decreased(P<0.05).Different doses can decrease the levels of serum 5-HT and VIP in C-IBS model rats(P<0.01),significantly increased the serum SP level(P<0.05).Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of 5-HT in colon tissue was signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05),and the expression of VIP was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Although the expression of each treatment group no significant difference(P >0.05),from the numerical changes,Yunpi Rougan Fang was superior to mosapride and showed dose-dependency.CONCLUSION Yunpi Rougan Fang can obviously improve the symptoms of constipation in C-IBS model rats,by reducing the expression of 5-HT and VIP,improving the expression of SP to regulate intestinal function,which plays a therapeutic role in C-IBS.

The first genetic linkage map of Salvia miltiorrhiza was constructed in 94 F1 individuals from an intraspecific cross by using simple sequence repeat (SSR), sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 93 marker loci in the linkage map, consisting of 53 SSR, 38 SRAP and 2 ISSR locus were made up of eight linkage groups, covered a total length of 400.1 cm with an average distance of 4.3 cm per marker. The length of linkage groups varied from 3.3 -132 cm and each of them included 2-23 markers, separately. The result will provide important basis for QTL mapping, map-based cloning and association studies for commercially important traits in S. miltiorrhiza.
Chromosome Mapping ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics

In this study, two school-aged children had an acute onset in spring and had the manifestations of fever, headache, vomiting, disturbance of consciousness, purpura and ecchymosis, and positive meningeal irritation sign. There were increases in peripheral white blood cells and neutrophils, but reductions in the hemoglobin level and platelet count in the two children. They had a significant increase in C-reactive protein. There were hundreds or thousands of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid, mainly neutrophils. Increased protein contents but normal levels of glucose and chloride in the cerebrospinal fluid were found. Head CT scan showed multiple hematomas in the right cerebellum and both hemispheres in one child. Bone marrow cytology indicated infection in the bone marrow, and both blood culture and bone marrow culture showed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Both patients had cardiac murmurs and progressive reductions in the hemoglobin level and platelet count during treatment, and echocardiography showed the formation of vegetation in the aortic valve. Therefore, the patients were diagnosed with infectious endocarditis (IE). Vancomycin was used as the anti-infective therapy based on the results of drug sensitivity test. One child was cured after 6 weeks, and the other child was withdrawn from the treatment and then died. Dynamic monitoring of cardiac murmurs should be performed for children with unexplained fever, and echocardiography should be performed in time to exclude IE. IE should also be considered for children with purulent meningitis and skin and mucosal bleeding which cannot be explained by the reduction in platelet count.
Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Headache ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Purpura ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and clinical significance of mismatch repair genes hMLH1 and hMSH2 in sporadic colorectal carcinoma tissues.

METHODSThe expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins was detected in the 63 sporadic colorectal carcinoma samples by immunohistochemical staining, including tumor tissue, adjacent tissue at 3 cm from the carcinoma, and normal tissue at 10 cm away from the tumor.

RESULTSThe positive rate of hMLH1 protein expression in the 63 normal colorectal tissues, adjacent tissues and sporadic colorectal carcinoma tissues was 95.2%, 85.7% and 81.0%, respectively. The positive rate of hMLH1 protein expression was significantly lower in the tumor than in normal colorectal tissues (P < 0.05). The positive rate of hMSH2 protein in the 63 normal colorectal tissues, adjacent tissues and sporadic colorectal carcinoma tissues were 76.2%, 66.7% and 52.4%, respectively. The positive rate of hMSH2 protein expression was significantly lower in the tumor than in normal colorectal tissues (P < 0.01). The positive rate of hMLH1 protein expression was significantly higher in the tumor tissue of patients aged younger than 60 years (100%) than that in patients ≥ 60 years (75.0%, P < 0.05). The positive rate of hMLH1 protein expression in the tumor tissue accompanied by lymphatic metastasis was 50.0%, significantly lower than that (93.3%) in tumors without lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). The positive rate of hMSH2 protein expression in the tumor tissue of patients aged younger than 60 years was 80.0%, significantly higher than that (43.8%) in the cases ≥ 60 years (P < 0.05). The positive rate of hMSH2 protein expression in the tumor tissues with invasion reaching to the intestinal serosa (61.5%) was significantly higher than that (37.5%) in the tumors invading to submucosa or muscular layer (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expressions of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins in the sporadic colorectal carcinomas.

CONCLUSIONThere is a certain loss of expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins in sporadic colorectal carcinoma, and is correlated with the age of patients, lymphatic metastasis and different depth of cancer invasion. HMLH1 and hMSH2 may be used as a useful laboratory marker in clinical judgement of occurrence and development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of chitosan on the biological activities of the fibroblasts derived from different tissues.

METHODSThe biological activities of the fibroblasts derived from different tissues were evaluated with a MTT method for fibroblast proliferation, photic and electronic microscope for morphologic and subcellular structure, 3H-proline uptake method for collagen secretion and ELISA box for the secretion of TGF-beta 1, FGF-AB, and IL-8.

RESULTSThis study showed that the chitosan inhabited the proliferation of the fibroblasts and the secretion of the TGF-beta 1, FGF-AB and collagen of the fibroblasts with a dose-depended manner in the normal skin, hypertrophic scar and keloid groups, but it stimulated the IL-8. However, there were no significant differences among the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe chitosan could inhibit the growth, proliferation, biosynthesis and secretion of the fibroblasts, and it may be used to treat different scars.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Chitosan ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; secretion ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Hemostatics ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; secretion ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Peptide Fragments ; secretion ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; secretion