Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is safe and effective concentration formulation which is obtained from the plasma of health adults.Domestic IVIG was used in clinical since 1979 by Liao Qingkui,who are pediatric doctor form West China Second Hospital.Researches on clinical applications of IVIG are quickly developed at home and abroad,which now become the indispcnsable treatment for primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases,autoimmune diseases,infectious disease(especially for virus),stem cell or organ transplantation and ICU areas.Treatment dose and course are administered accordding to individuals and pharmacokinetic characteristics of IVIG,immunoglobulin rose to peak of drug concentration quickly,and recovery to the original level of plasma after 3-4 weeks.Common therapeutic dose of IVIG recommended by the literature were 400mg/(kg·per time),3-5 d,or 1000 mg/(kg·per time),2d,or 2000 mg/(kg·per time),1d,which were usually used for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,Kawasaki disease patients.Treatment perscription of 200-600 mg/(kg·per time),1 d,and once every 2-6 weeks are used for immunodeficiency diseases and infections.Now,the clinical application of IVIG was reviewed.

Transsphenoidal microsurgery has become a major approach for removal of pituitary adenomas. Due to the anatomic differences of skull base between Chinese and foreigners and the different experience of surgeons, the pre- and post-operation managements of the operation are different. From 1982 to 2002, a total of 1 047 patients received transsphenoidal removal of pituitary adenomas in our hospital and gained satisfactory outcomes. This article summarizes our experience on 1 047 patients and discusses some relevant problems, including the diagnostic standards of adenoma size, surgery indications, the apoplexy operation, the re-operation for recurrent cases, management of complications, post-operation radiotherapy, and the anatomy of sphenoidal sinus and sellar area, hoping to improve the successful rate of the operation.

OBJECTIVE:Taking metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets as an example,to explore the value of speckle tracking imaging in therapeutic efficacy evaluation of CHF drugs. METHODS:68 CHF patients who had never underwent regular treatment were given Metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets and anti-heart failure agents for 3 months. NYHA classification, resting heart rate(RHR),6 min walk distance(6MWD)and conventional echocardiographic measurements were tested before and 1 and 3 months after treatment. Dynamic image were collected in the apical 2-chamber view,apical 4-chamber view and left ven-tricular long axis plane for speckle tracking imaging offline analysis. The left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) were measured. After 3 months of treatment,CHF patients were divided into standard group(group A,RHR 55-60 times/min)and non-standard group (group B,RHR>60 times/min) according to resting heart rate. The improvement of above indicators were com-pared between 2 groups,and that of LVGLS was also compared. RESULTS:After 1 month of treatment,RHR,LVEDd,LVEF and LVGLS of group A were improved significantly,compared with group B,with statistical significance (P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment,there was statistical significance in above indicators between 2 groups(P<0.05). In group A,RHR,6MWD and LVGLS improved significantly after 1 month of treatment,there was statistical significance,compared with before treatment (P<0.05);there was statistical significance in above indicators after 3 months of treatment,compared with before treatment and after 1 month of treatment (P<0.05). In group B,RHR and 6MWD improved significantly after one month of treatment;there was statistical significance,compared with before treatment(P<0.05);there was statistical significance in significant improvement of each indicator between after 3 months of treatment and before treatment (P<0.05);only there were statistical significance in RHR and NYHA grading,compared with after one month of treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Speckle tracking imaging can early reflect the left ventricular function improvement of CHF patients after anti-heart failure treatment,especially in patients with RHR control standard earlier and more significant. Speckle tracking had good clinical application value in the follow-up treatment of heart failure as routine evaluation index.

Objectives To evaluate the application of flow-through hybrization and gene chip (HybriMax) on human papillomavious (HPV) subtype detection in clinical.Method 3 086 sexually active females from out-patient department were selected for HPV subtype analysis using HybriMax. Cervical tissue samples were taken under the colposcope from 463 females who had cervical lesion for pathological analysis. The predictive value of HybriMax in cervical abnormality was compared with pathological results, which were used as a golden standard. DNA sequence in HPV E6/E7 region was performed among 80 females with HPV 16 positive by HybriMax to determine the accuracy of HybriMax.Results All 21 different subtypes were found and total HPV positive rate was 63.1%(1 947/3 086). Among the 21 HPV subtypes, 5 of them had a infection rate over 5% and they were HPH16(15.9%, 490/3 086), 58(11.2%, 346/3 086), 52(8.5%、261/3 086)、33(6.3%、195/3 086)、53(6.2%、192/3 086)、6(5.6%、172/3 086), and CP8304(5.0%、155/3 086). The sensitivity for high degree squamous intraepithelial dysplasia(HSIL, CINⅡ+CINⅢ) by HybriMax was 95.49%(95%CI=95.44%～98.27%), while specificity was 34.85%(95% CI= 32.59%～37.57%)、Positive predictive value for HSIL was 37.13%(95%CI=30.79%～40.96%),while negative predictive vale was 95.04%(95%CI=89.24%～98.44%). Eighty sequence results in E6/E7 region completely matched to HybriMax results.Conclusion HybriMax has a high accurate rate in HPV subtype diction with good sensitivity and specificity for HSIL and above. It is an effective method to detect HPV subtype in clinical.

Objective To explore the significance of perioperative management of percutanous laser lumbar disc decompression. Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out in 86 patients with lumbar disc herniation in order to evaluate the results of preoperative and postoperative managements. Results All patients passed through operative period safely. Total efficiency rate reach 78%(67/86). Conclusions It can be ensuring operative effect and decreasing the operative complication for the patients with lumbar disc herniation by intensifing the perioperative managment.

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy between laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty and sigmoid loop vaginoplasty. Methods A total of 29 cases of congenital absence of vagina received either laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty (Peritoneal Group, 14 cases) or sigmoid loop vaginoplasty (Sigmoid Group, 15 cases) from March 1998 to April 2003. Results The operation failed in 1 case in the Peritoneal Group, requiring a conversion to open sigmoid loop vaginoplasty. Both groups had no surgical complications or postoperative pyrexia. The operating time of the Peritoneal Group (118 9?19 0 min) was significantly shorter than that of the Sigmoid Group (202 0?18 6 min) ( t =-11 674, P =0 000). And the intraoperative blood loss of the former (36 2?12 6 ml) was significantly less than that of the latter (105 3?46 3 ml) ( t =-5 205, P =0 000). The conditions of reconstructed vagina of both groups were basically the same, but the vagina length of the Sigmoid Group (10 8?1 1 cm) was significantly greater than that of the Peritoneal Group (9 0?0 8 cm) ( t =-4 882, P =0 000). Among the Sigmoid Group, 3 cases had somewhat more amount of vaginal secretion and 4 cases had abnormal-smelling secretion. Patients in both groups reported the same satisfactory degree of sexual life. Conclusions Laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty and sigmoid loop vaginoplasty present a similar therapeutic efficacy, but the former gives less surgical invasion than the latter.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ureteroscopic treatment for upper urinary tract obstruction. Methods A total of 56 cases of upper urinary tract obstruction were treated under ureteroscope by using direct-vision dilatation, electrocauterization or balloon dilatation. Results A successful dilatation was achieved in 49 cases (87.5%, 49/56) whereas a failure was encountered in 7 cases. There were no complications such as ureteral perforation, rapture or heavy bleeding. A follow-up for 0.5~3 years (mean, 2.5 years) in 43 cases was carried out. The obstruction disappeared in 33 cases, remained in 6 cases, and relapsed in 4. The hydronephrosis disappeared in 30 cases, subsided in 5 cases, and had no changes in 8. Conclusions The treatment of the upper urinary tract obstruction under ureteroscope offers advantages of minimal trauma and satisfactory outcomes.

s Objective To study the effect of HBV DNA of pregnant mothers on HBV intrauterine transmission. Methods Thirty one pairs of mothers and their newborn babies were detected for HBV by the HBV DNA qualitative PCR and HBV serology, as well as the concentration of HBV DNA in the blood by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results There was a positive linear regression( r=0.5401, P=0.0017 ) between the concentration of HBV DNA in the infant and that in the mothers. Among the 31 infants, 19 showed abnormal by HBV DNA qualitative PCR and(or) HBV serology. It indicated that there was vertical transmission from the mothers to their infants. The transmission rate is 61%. The concentration of HBV DNA copies/ml(7.2?3.1) in mothers whose infants were abnormal was significantly higher than the others(5.8?1.3). Among the 31 mothers, 6 cases showed anti-HB positive and their babies were of much lower concentration of HBV DNA(4.2?1.8) than others(6.1?1.8). Conclusion The quantity of HBV in mothers reflected the strength of HBV vertical transmission and the chance of HBV transmission from mothers to infants have been decreased after mothers have obtained HbsAb.

Objective:To analyze the therapeutical effect of Irbesartan for coronary atherosclerosis mice ( ApoE-/-) and its possible mechanisms. Methods: A total of 16 male ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into control group and Treatment group [Irbesartan,50 mg/(kg·d),4 weeks]. HE,immunofluorescence,Western blot and ELISA were performed to analyze the effect of Irbesartan on ApoE-/- and the changes of related signaling pathways. Results: Compared with control group,the treatment group had lower atheroma macular areas and inflammatory cytokines in blood vessel (P<0. 05). Treatment group had lower levels of leptin,but higher levels of PPAR-γ and adiponectin in perivascular adipose tissues ( PVAT ) than these of control group, the difference were statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ) . Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis shown that Irbesartan treatment significantly depressed the expression of p-p65 and p-IKK in PVAT when compared with these of control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Irbesartan has significantly therapeutic effect on ApoE-/-mice,the possible mechanisms including anti-inflammatory effects in PVAT,improved the adipose tissue function and regulated the PPAR-γ-NF-κB signaling pathways.

In recent years, the number of outpatients in stomatological hospital is in increasing year by year and being accompanied by the corresponding medical risks. One of the risks which may endanger the patient life is medical emergency which need emergency treatment by the dentists in dental clinical practice. The most common emergency type is syncope, followed by hyperventilation, drug overdose, adrenaline reaction and hypertension, etc. Unexpected events mainly occurred at the end of the treatment and before leaving the dental clinic, during or immediately after the local anesthesia, in the treatment process. Tooth extraction related emergency is the most frequently occurring emergency, followed by the local anesthesia related ones. It's strongly suggested that dentists should pay more attention to outpatient clinical emergency treatment, and related knowledge and skills training should be offered to improve the ability to handle medical emergencies.
Dental Care ; Dental Clinics ; Dentists ; Emergencies ; Emergency Treatment ; Humans