In order to explore the risk factors of osteoporosis , a 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted on 157 pairs of intellectuals with age above 40 years. Bone mineral density of distal radius was measured using single photon absorptiometry and radiograph of calcaneus was classified according to Jhamaris's method.Multivarious factors related to diet, physical exercise, tea drinking, smoking,menstrual and reproductive history were significantly associated with osteoporosis. In a multiple conditional logistic regression model, low calcium intake, exercise index before 40 years of age, average time of exercise per week above 40 years old, tea consumption, and the number of years after menopause in women were the most important and predictive factors. The risk led by lower calcium intake was higher in women than in men. The risk due to lack of regular exercise was more prominent in men,but for both sexes lack of exercise in early years of life was more risky than that in later years. As many people have habit of excessive tea drinking, the exact effect of tea on osteoporosis deserves further study.

AIM and METHOD To investigate the antibacterial activity (ED 50 value) of cefoperazonesodium and tazobactam sodium (4∶0 5) in vivo using minor modified Karbers method,which will offer some important evidences for clinical trial and therapy RESULTS The ED 50 value of cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium(4∶0 5) and Cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium (1∶1) in vivo protested against zymogenic staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in mice infected by these bacteria were 92 0 mg?kg -1 and 3 4 mg?kg -1 ,164 0 mg?kg -1 and 6 9 mg?kg -1 ,respectively,and 256 5 mg?kg -1 and 38 9 mg?kg -1 in single composed compound of cefoperazone sodium,cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium (4∶0 5) in vivo had more potent antibacterial activity compared with cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium (1∶1) and single composed compound of cefoperazone sodium. The ED 50 value of cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium (4∶0 5) protested against pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice infected was lower than that of Cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium and single composed compound of cefoperazone sodium CONCLUSION Cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium made in China has an markedly therapeutic effect on antibacterial activity protected against zymogenic staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice infected by these bacteria

OBJECTIVE To study the classification of the ?-lactamases produced by Citrobacter freundii.METHODS To detect the ?-lactamases produced by 33 strains of C.freundii with nitrocefin test,a multi-disk test(synergy test and antagonized test) for the inducible AmpC ?-lactamases(IABLs),AmpC ?-lactamases(ABLs) phenotype test,extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) screening test,and carbapenem-hydrolyzing ?-lactamases(CHBLs).RESULTS In the 33 strains,29 strains produced the ?-lactamases(87.9%);the nitrocefin tests of 27 from the 29 strains were positive(81.8%);two strains produced penicillinases,3 strains produced cephalosporinases,5 strains produced broad-spectrum ?-lactamases(BSBLs),11 strains produced ESBLs alone,and 6 strains produced ESBLs+ high-productive ABLs,the rate of ESBLs produced by the 33 strains of C.freundii was 51.5%,and 2 strains produced CHBLs(all produced ESBLs+ metallo-?-lactamase).CONCLUSIONS The rate of ?-lactamases,rate of ESBLs and co-produced rate is very high.There are six kinds of ?-lactamases produced by the 33 strains of C.freundii,mainly BSBLs and ESBLs.

OBJECTIVE To study the classification the ?-lactamases produced by Providencia spp.METHODS To detect the ?-lactamases produced by 19 strains of Providencia spp with nitrocefin test,a multi-disk test(synergy test,antagonized test for the inducible AmpC ?-lactamases(IABLs),AmpC ?-lactamases(ABLs) phenotype test and extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) screening test,carbapenem-hydrolyzing ?-lactamases(CHBLs).RESULTS The nitrocefin tests of all of 19 strains were positive,producing the ?-lactamases(100.0%);eight strains produced broad-spectrum ?-lactamases(BSBLs,42.1%) and ESBLs(42.1%),respectively,one strain produced overexpression of AmpC,3 strains produced CHBLs.CONCLUSIONS The rate of ?-lactamases produced by the 19 strains of Providencia spp is very high,there are three kinds of ?-lactamases,mainly BSBLs and ESBLs.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of ~ 125 Iodine -labeled IL-2 scintigraphic methods for the imaging of lymphocyte infiltration of the Langerhans′ islets. Methods ~ 125 I-IL2 was injected intravenously to pre-diabetic female NOD mice (aged 16-17 weeks)and female Balb/c mice as control. Animals were sacrificed at different time points and the radioactivity in different organs was measured.~ 131 I-IL-2 was injected iv to 3 pre-diabetic female NOD mice, and pancreas was imaged through SPECT after 30 minutes injection. Results The mean radio activities in the pancreas of NOD mice were significantly higher as compared to those of Balb/c mice at time points from 30 to 120 minutes (P

Objective The aim of the present study was to assess the changes of IGF-1,IGF-2,IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 in diabetes nephropathy,the relationships between IGFs,IGFBPs and ?_1-,?_2- microglobulin.Methods A total of 130 type-2 diabetic participants(male:52,female:78)aged 37~75 yeares in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled from Feb.2000 to May 2003.Serum IGF-1,IGF-2,IGF binding protein 1(IGFBP-1),IGFBP-3,creatinine(Cr),cholesterol,triglycerides,HDL,LDL,apolipoprotein B100(apoB100),apoA,HbA_1c,fasting and postprandial C-peptide,serum and urine ?_1-MG and ?_2-MG were measured.Patients were divided into clinical albuminuria(DN,n=24),microalbuminuria(MA,n=40),and normal(NOR,n=66)groups according sCr and urine Alb/Cr ratio.Results In multiple linear regression analysis,determinants of S ?_1-MG were IGF-2 、TC and age(r=0.492,P=0.0001);U ?_1-MG were IGF-2、age(r=0.307,P=0.007); S ?_2-MG were IGFBP-1、HDL and age(r=0.528,P=0.0001);U ?_2-MG were IGFBP-1、CP120 and age(r=0.407,P=0.0001);s-Cr were IGFBP-1、CP0 and age(r=0.499,P=0.0001)。Serum IGF-2 and IGFBP-1 were significantly increased in DN group[IGF-2:(889.48?65.94)?g/L vs (711.57?28.73)?g/L,P=0.03;IGFBP-1:(94.91?17.48)?g/L vs(54.81?5.04)?g/L,P=0.009].Conclusion Serum IGFBP-1 and IGF-2 are significantly increased in type 2 diabetes with nephropathy.The disorders of IGFs and lipid metabolism may contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in newborn rats. Methods One hundred and twenty 7-day-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham control,HIBD,HIBD treated with 0.2 mg/kg RH-IGF-1 ,HIBD treated with 0.066 mg/kg RH-IGF-1,and normal saline control groups. Those groups were further divided into 24 h、 48 h and 72 h groups respectively after damage with 8 rats in each group. The histological feature,levels of glutamate (Glu) and apoptosis,and expression of Bcl-2 protein in brain were observed in each group. Results (1) Level of Glu in HIBD 48 h group (1162.2?108.1) mg/kg and levels of apoptosis in every HIBD groups[24 h: (7.6?1.9),48 h: (12.6?1.2),72 h: (13.8?0.9) %] are significantly higher than those in sham groups of the same time,[Glu: (750.9? 53.4) mg/kg and apoptosis: 24 h: (2.0?0.2)%,48 h: (2.0?0.3)%,72 h: (2.0? 0.2)%] respectively ( P

Objective To understand the death rate and the main death causes of the senile diabetic inpatients. Methods The histories of all the death cases of senile diabetic inpatients in this hospital from 1992 to 1999 were reviewed. The death rate and causes of senile diabetics were compared with those of the non-senile diabetics. Results Senile diabetics among the total diabetic inpatients increased within 8 years (56.93% during 1992-1995 vs. 67.63% during 1996-1999,P80 yrs group being 23.60%, P

AIM To investigate the influence on change of SOD and MDA in the blood of rats which had cellular immunoreactive colitis by Fengliao Changweikang Granule (CWKG). METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Numbers of each group were 32. Animal model of rat cellular iumynoreactive colitis was made by TNBS and ethanol mixed liguid enema. Rats were killed at the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 21st day respectively. Gross morphologic observation of intestinal wall was made, SOD vitality and MDA content in blood were determined. RESULTS At day 7 and 21, the intestinal wall damage criterion value of large dosage group was lower than model group ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of baicalin on the apoptosis and cell migration of intestinal epithelial cells 6 (IEC-6) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) . Methods LPS was adopted to establish LPS-induced cells injury model. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium ( MTT) assay and Elisa kits were used to evaluate the effect of LPS on the tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6) concentrations of IEC-6. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effect of baicalin ( in the dosage of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 μg/mL ) on the cell apoptosis. Cell migration was observed and calculated on a wounding model of IEC-6 cells induced by a pipette tip. Results Compared with the control group, the survival rate of IEC-6 in 1.0 μg·mL-1 LPS group was much lowered, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were significantly increased, the apoptotic rate of IEC-6 was increased and the cell migration activity was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Compared with the model group, IEC-6 apoptosis was relieved to various degrees in baicalin groups, the apoptotic rate of IEC-6 was obviously decreased (P<0.05) and cell migration activity was increased significantly (P<0.01) in 10.0 μg·mL-1 baicalin group. Conclusion Baicalin has the capacity of protecting IEC-6 from LPS-induced injury and increasing cell migration activity.