Objective To investigate the change of threshold of electrical sense through experiments in the presence of electrical noise according to stochastic resonance phenomenon that has been observed in somatosensory system.Method Psychophysical experiments were carried out using both single stimulus method based on random-gradient method and one-interval-forced-choice method.The glabrous skin of human fingers was choosed as the experimental objects,which was stimulated by square wave electrical signal mixed with electrical noise.Result The corresponding threshold of electrical sense can be reduced by the effect of external electrical noises.Conclusion Although electrical sense is not natural sense,stochastic resonance can occur in it, and effect of noise on enhancing this sense can be implemented by controlling external noises.

Physical performance is an ability with which the sufferers of lumbar disc herniation(LDH) achieve daily work and basic physical activity,including daily activities(such as the diverting movement from standing to sitting),functioning state of nerves and muscles,dailyworking ability and walking gait,etc.;abilities of body performance relative to pains,such as walking ten meters with loads,sit-stand test and Tread mill walk,etc.Most of current rehabilitation evaluation may be influenced by the subjective factors of the examinee or the examiner,but intelligent device for energy expenditure and activity(IDEEA) may be helpful to evaluate physical performance of the LDH patients in a complete,quantity-fixing,systematic and dynamic way.

Objective To study the cause, prophyl ax is and management of the complications of laser treatment for varicose veins of the lower extremity. Method From Sep 2003 to Dec 2004, 52 patients (65 limbs) underwent endovenous ablat ion procedures. The laser was introduced into the vein to achieve venous occlusi on. Results Postoperative complications included ecchymosis in 12 cases, skin burn in 14 cases, saphenous nerve injury in 7 cases, thrombophlebitis in 3 cases, and subcutaneous fat liqu idation and infection in 2 cases. Most of the complications subsided after sympt omatic treatment in 2 to 3 weeks. Conclusion Most complications of laser treatment for varicose veins are transient and self-healing.

Objective To analyze the levels and speciation of arsenic metabolites in urine of rats treated with sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate in order to investigate the different aspects of metabolism between sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate,thus to understand further the basic data about relationship between it's metabolism and mechanism of toxicity. Methods Seventy Wistar rats,weighting 80-120 g,were divided into 7 groups of 10 each,such as normal control group,high,middle and low sodium arsenite group and high,middle and low sodium arsenate group. After the animals were fed for one month,the urine was collected by metabolic cage in 12 hours. Applying the high efficiency liquid chromatography and hydride genesis atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (HPLC-HGAFS),the levels and speciation of arsenic metabolites were determined in urine of rats. Meanwhile,the recovery rate of dimethyl arsinic acid(DMA) would be determined to estimate the degree of accuracy of results. Results The levels of iAs~(3+),iAs~(5+) and DMA in middle sodium arsenite group[(121.66±1.26),(10.26±2.68),(200.91±0.56) μg/L]were higher than the high sodium arsenite group[(113.20±0.75),(5.16±1.32),(147.70±μ0.77)μg/L,all P < 0.05]and low sodium arsenite group[(79.35±2.12),(5.13±2.25),(56.35±1.23)μg/L,all P < 0.05]. The levels of iAs~(3+) and DMA in middle sodium arsenate group[(315.81±1.69),(245.12±1.18)μg/L]were higher than the high sodium arsenate group[(85.03±0.56),(110.34±1.04)μg/L,all P< 0.05]and low sodium arsenate group[(22.97±2.67),(15.75±2.15)μg/L,all P < 0.05]. Compared with sodium arsenate group,the levels of iAs~(3+) and DMA in high and low sodium arsenite group were higher(all P < 0.05) ; and the levels of iAs~(3+) and DMA in middle sodium arsenite group were lower(all P < 0.05). Meanwhile,the average urinary recovery rate of DMA of rats in different sodium arsenite group were 94.80%-102.70%,and the average urinary recovery rate of DMA of rats in different sodium arsenate group were 95.33%-108.40%. Conclusion The speciation and levels of arsenic are influenced by the external exposure dose,and some distinction appeared in the metabolism and metabolic path between sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate in urine in vivo.

Objective To evaluate how to select operation procedures for different CT manifestation of splenic artery aneurysm ( SAA) with posthepatitic cirrhosis. Methods In 61 cases with SAA,the CT manifestation ( location,number,size,portal vein,varicose vein,proxi-mal splenorenal shunt and spleen changes) of SAA,clinical features of cases,and operation approach were were retrospectively analyzed. Re-sults 4 patients who have the primary tumors located in the distal splenic artery with diameter 1. 0~2. 0 cm,spleen kidney shunt and mega-losplenia were given aortic aneurysm exclusion and branch aneurysms embolism by stages. Amiong the 15 cases of tumors resection,splenecto-my and devascularization,there were 4 cases of the primary tumors located in the middle of splenic artery and 11 cases in the distal splenic artery. There were 15 cases whose diameter of the primary tumor were lager than 2. 0 cm and 13 cases whose diameter of the primary tumor were 1. 0~2. 0 cm. There were 4 cases of cavernous transformation of portal vein,5 cases of splenic and gastric varices,15 cases of esophage-al and gastric varices,4 cases of splenic and gastric venous shunt,15 cases of megalosplenia and 4 cases of splenic infarction. Tumors resec-tion and branch aneurysms embolism by stages were conducted in 7 cases. The primary tumors located in the proximal splenic artery occured in 7cases,and the diameter of the primary tumor were 1. 0~2. 0 cm occured in 7 cases. Esophageal and gastric varices occured in 2 cases and splenomegaly occured in 7 cases. And there were 4 cases whose diameter of the tumor were 1. 0~2. 0 cm were given tumor resection and re-construction of splenic artery and continuity, including 1 case of proximal splenic artery,2 cases of medial splenic artery and 1 case of distal splenic artery. Conclusion Operation procedures were confirmed by CT findings such as location,number,size,portal vein,varicose vein, proximal splenorenal shunt and spleen changes of SAA combined with age,gender,body mass index and history.

Objective To investigate the correlation between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and blood pressure variability (BPV) in the elderly patients with H type hypertension.Methods 561 elderly patients with H type hypertension from 2010 to 2012 were enrolled in this study,including 436 BPH patients and 125 non-BPH (NBPH) patients.All patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and ultrasound examination of prostate.The 24-hour systolic blood pressure variation (24 h SBPV),24 hour diastolic blood pressure variation (24 h DBPV),daytime systolic blood pressure variation (dSBPV),daytime diastolic blood pressure variation (dDBPV),nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure variations were recorded and compared.The differences in blood pressure variation between the two groups were compared.Correlation between BPV and prostatic volume (PV) was analyzed.Results There were no statistical differences in variabilities of 24 h SBPV,nSBPV and dSBPV between BPH group and NBPH group(all P＞0.05).24 h DBPV,nDBPV and dDBPV were significantly higher in BPH group than inNBPH group [(18.5±3.3) mmHg vs.(14.1±3.7) mmHg,(17.1±3.4) mmHg vs.(14.9 ±3.4) mmHg,(16.6±4.1) mmHg vs.(12.8±5.1) mmHg,respectively,all P＜0.05].There were correlations of 24 h DBPV,nDBPV and dDBPV with PV (r =0.137,0.032,0.079,respectively,all P＜0.05).Conclusions The diastolic blood pressure variability may associate with the degree of prostatic hyperplasia in the elderly patients with H type hypertension.

BACKGROUND:Because of osteoporosis, short-segment transpedicular fixation or screw-rod system fixation is prone to screw loosening depending on its poor anti-pul-out strength in patients with thoracolumbar fracture with ankylosing spondylitis.
OBJECTIVE:To probe the clinic outcomes of multi-segment transpedicle spinal fixation for thoracolumbar fractures with ankylosing spondylitis.
METHODS:Eleven patients with ankylosing spondylitis combined with thoracolumbar fracture in the Fourth Department of Orthopedics, Meizhou Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China from January 2009 to December 2012 were selected. Al the patients underwent posterior reduction and multi-segment transpedicle spinal fixation, among whom, six cases were subjected to internal fixation through the pedicle of fractured vertebra.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al of the 11 patients were fol owed up for 13 to 36 months. Solid bone healing was achieved in al of the patients, and there were no complications related to the internal fixation systems such as loosening or breakage. Three cases of spinal cord injury achieved Frankel’s class E from class C recovery. Lumbodorsal pain rate achieved 100%according to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring. Results confirmed that it is effective to treat thoracolumbar fractures with ankylosing spondylitis by posterior reduction and multi-segment transpedicle spinal fixation. Strong internal fixation and fracture union can be achieved by operation.

Objective To explore the CT manifestations of splenic artery aneurysm (SAA)in patients with liver cirrhosis,and its relationship with degree of cirrhosis.Methods SAA in 61 patients were confirmed from total 2 024 patients with liver cirrhosis but without hepatoma,and the clinic and CT data were retrospectively analyzed.Results SAA incidence rate of 3.0% (13.6% of women,1.5% of men,9.3% of portal hypertension and 10.2% of hypersplenotrophy)was observed in patients with liver cirrhosis. Multiple SAAs usually were showed with large round lesions (>1.0 cm)in the middle and distal segment of splenic artery and small fusiform ones (≤1.0 cm)in the branches of splenic artery (P =0.000).With the gradual deterioration of cirrhosis produce,the number and size of large aneurysms in proximal segment of splenic artery and number of small ones were increased with more inci-dence rates of calcification of aneurysm wall,haematoma of peri-aneurysm,mural thrombosis in SAA,megalosplenia/infarction of spleen and phlebeurysma (P =0.000).Conclusion Higher incidence rate of SAA in female patients with liver cirrhosis,portal hy-pertension and hypersplenotrophy is observed.CT can show well the location,number,size,shape and other features of SAA and portal hypertension,CT findings are correlated with the degree of cirrhosis,which may help for the treatment.

Objective To calculate the chest volume for an evaluation of lung development ,the degree of thorax narrowing and pectus excavatum deformity by the surface measurements .Methods Ninety normal Sprague Dawley (4 weeks) rats were ran‐domly divided into experimental and control groups .Experimental group had 70 rats and control group had 20 rats .Cutting off the lower three cartilage from parasternal of rats to produce Pectus excavatum model in experimental groups .We measured many chest radial lines before surgery ,2 ,4 ,8 and 12 weeks after surgery respectively ,then made comparison between parallel group .Thoracic volume size was calculated by a mathematical formula ,Archimedes measurement and the CT three dimensional reconstruction ,and the t test and linear regression were analyzed by SPSS17 .0 .Results this experiment used multiple radial lines to get measurement results ,and through mathematical calculations ,Archimedes measurement and CT reconstruction ,we found there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion It is practicable of surface measurement to calculate chest volume .This method could replace the CT examination to evaluate the change of the chest volume along the process of pectus excavatum formation .

Objective To investigate clinical effect and safety of ostium secundum atrial septal defect(ASD) treatment via one -stop hybrid and classical surgical procedures.Methods 45 patients were diagnosed ostium secun-dum simple ASD by ultrasound cardiogram and clinical manifestation,they were divided into one -stop hybrid proce-dure group (n =20)and classical surgical procedure (n =25).Age,gender,weight,post operation hospital day,on -pump time,blood transfusion amount,drainage flow,incision length and incidence of complication between the two groups were compared.Results Age and weight had no difference between the two groups(t =0.40 and 1.64,P >0.05),but the proportion of female cases in one -stop hybrid procedure group was higher than post operation(χ2 =9.45,P <0.05).Hospital day was shorter(t =11.11,P <0.05),drainage amount was fewer(t =81.68,P <0.05), incision length(t =22.51,P <0.05)was shorter.Incidence of complication had no statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =0.35,P >0.05).And one -stop hybrid procedure group was off -pump without blood transfusion.Conclusion One -stop hybrid procedure was simple,could make a quick recovery post operation and was an ideal method for ostium secundum ASD treatment.