Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the risk factors for the two different atherosclerosis processes, namely the early atherosclerosis and advanced atherosclerosis. Methods: Using magnetic resonance angiography and high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography, 92 patients with advanced atherosclerosis (atherosclerotic cerebral infarction/transient ischemic attack) and 120 patients with early atherosclerosis (no cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and carotid stenosis <40% on B-mode ultrasonography) were included. The difference and similarity of the risk factors for early atherosclerosis and advanced atherosclerosis were compared respectively using the binary logistic regression. Results: In the binary logistic model of carotid plaque formation, the traditional risk factors, such as age (years) (OR, 1.101, 95% CI: 1.046-1.159, P < 0.001), high TC (OR, 2.236, 95% CI: 0.821-6.089, P = 0.0115), hypertension (OR, 2.623, 95% CI: 0.989-6.957, P = 0.053), and smoking (%) (OR, 7.975, 95% CI: 2.274-27.9651, P =0.001) were the statistically significant independent variables. In the binary logistic model of advanced atherosclerosis, male (OR, 2.064, 95% CI: 1.137-0.748, P = 0.017), high Lp (a) (OR, 2.818, 95% CI: 1.499-5.298, P=0.001), low HDL (OR, 2.451, 95%CI: 1.234-4.868, P=0.010), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.414, 95% CI: 1.232-4.731, P=0.010) were the statistically significant independent variables. Conclusion: The risk factors for advanced atherosclerosis and early atherosclerosis are different, diabetes mellitus and lipoprotein (a) may play an important role in the advanced atherosclerosis.

Age Factors ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Orthopedic Fixation Devices

Objective To figure out changes of serum excitatory amino acids (EAAs) levels in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods The levels of serum EAAs was assessed in 34 cognitively normal control subjects,30 patients with aMCI,and 32 patients with AD using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results ①Higher serum concentrations of glutamate((39.6?22.1) ?mol/L),alanine((282.5?71.3) ?mol/L) were found in the aMCI patients (P=0.044,P=0.007),and higher serum concentrations of glutamate ((42.2?21.8) ?mol/L),glycine ((464.2?142.6) ?moL/L) were found in the AD patients than in the control subjects (P=0.010,P=0.010).②No statistically significant difference of EAAs level between the aMCI and AD groups was found.③A close and positive correlation between the serum concentrations of glutamate, aspartate and the mini-mental status examination scores were found in AD patients:the 2 amino acid levels were higher in patients with mild dementia((42.1?21.3),(55.0?29.0) ?mol/L) than those with moderate or severe dementia ((25.4?9.2) ?mol/L,P=0.023;(34.6?11.1) ?mol/L,P=0.036). Conclusion EAAs,correlating with the severity of the condition,play a significant role in AD,while aMCI patients also have disturbance of metabolism of EAAs,indicating that it has similar pathogenesis to AD.

Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Mesenchymoma ; surgery ; Nose Neoplasms ; surgery ; Young Adult

Air Pollution ; analysis ; Barium ; analysis ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods ; Workplace

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tennis Elbow ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the cortex gray matter configuration in amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)patients using MRI technology, FMRIB software library(FSL)and Freesurfer software.Methods Twenty aMCI patients and 20 normal control subjects were recruited and studied. They were matched by age, sex and education. All the patients and healthy volunteers underwent MRI scan using SEMENTS trio 3.0 T MRI. The subtile three-dimensional brain images were obtained using high resolution scanning technique. The imaging data was processed and analyzed with FSL and Freesurfer software. The cortex gray matter density and thickness in different brain areas of aMCI patients and normal control subjects were calculated and compared using statistic analysis. Results Compared to that in the controls, cortex gray matter density in the aMCI patients showed remarkable decreases in left frontal lobe, temporal lobe,parietal lobe, and slight decrease in right thalamus, temporal lobe and island lobe; For cortex thickness,aMCI patients showed significant decreases in left anterior cingulate gyrus((2. 19 ±0. 24)mm), inferior parietal lobe((2. 27 ± 0. 15)mm), bilateral parahippocampal gyrus((2. 03 ± 0. 15),(2. 04 ±0. 17)mm), precentral gyrus((2. 20 ± 0. 11),(2. 31 ± 0. 19)mm), postcentral gyrus((1.88 ± 0. 11),(1.82 ± 0. 09)mm), superior frontal gyrus((2. 42 ± 0. 34),(2. 40 ± 0. 28)mm), middle frontal gyrus ((2.31±0.31),(2.33 ±0.29)mm), supramarginal gyrus((2.53 ±0.33),(2.55 ±0.23)mm),temporal pole((3.41 ±0.68),(3.30 ±0.56)mm)and transverse temporal gyrus((2.04 ±0. 12),(2. 01 ± 0. 11)mm; t = 2. 13-3.75, P ＜ 0. 05), no significant changes in the other areas(t = 0. 09-1.88, P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusions Our results suggest that there are significant changes in gray matter configuration in cortex of aMCl patients. The changes of cortical thickness is earlier than the changes of gray matter density.

Objective To explore the peer assisted learning approach combined with micro-teaching in anesthesia internship for oversea students.Methods 60 international medical students were randomly divided into two groups.Students in the control group have peer guidance before routine theatre observation,while students in experimental group discuss micro-teaching of anesthetic skills with each other by watching real time videos from smart phone.Students' subjective attitudes to new approach were evaluated and their final exam score were analyzed.SPSS 1 1.0 was used for data processing and the data was made descriptive analysis,t test and analysis of variance.Results Students in experimental group did better in both theory exam (46.8 ± 4.03) vs.(35.7 ±6.12) and practice exam (35.2 ± 3.20) vs.(27.6± 4.71) than those in control group,and the total scores of two groups were (80.5 ± 7.40) and (63.1 ± 6.81) respectively.These scores all had significant difference between two groups.More students from experimental group than those from control group feel interested in anesthesiology (P＜0.01) and feel confident about exams (P＜0.05);There was no difference between two groups in understanding clinical guideline (P=0.57).Conclusion Peer assisted learning combined with micro-teaching is proved to enhance the quality of anesthesia teaching during internship for oversea undergraduates.

Objective To explore the efficacy of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and portal vein chemotherapy (PVC) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). Methods One hundred and eleven HCC patients with PVTT were randomly divided into three groups receiving respectively tumor resection only ( group A) , resection plus TACE ( group B) , and resection plus TACE and PVC ( group C). Results (1) Group B had significantly lower recurrence rates at 0. 5- and 1-year, and higher survival rates at 0. 5-year compared with group A (P

In recent years,the research of non-contact biomedical monitoring has continuous development and progress.This review gives an overview of the research status of heart,lung and brain non-contact monitoring methods.The correlation techniques of capacitance electrocardiogram,magnetic induction,radar non-contact monitoring of heart and lung,and non-contact monitoring of brain are analyzed comprehensively.Capacitance electrocardiogram monitors the heart and lung activities useing effect of change in capacitance between the electrodes.Magnetic induction monitors the heart and lung activities useing the Maxwell principle,while radar monitoring the heart and lung activities uses the Doppler effects.Non-contact monitoring of brain adopts the magnetic induction tomography imaging technology.Then elaborate related research at home and abroad,and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these monitoring methods on the basis of the analysis of monitoring principles.Finally foreground that may dominate this area of new equipment for heart,lung and brain non-contact monitoring in the future is expected.