Objective To investigate the clinical risk factors ot endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 140 patients with early colorectal cancer who received EMR at the Changzheng Hospital of Second Military Medical University from January 2005 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.EMR was applied for patients with early colorectal cancer with diameter lesser than 20 mm (protrusive lesions) or 5 mm (depressed lesions).If the diameter of the early colorectal cancer was above 3 cm and can not be resected at one time,endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection was adopted.Clinicopathological factors including gender,age,tumor location,number,diameter,shape,resection type,depth of tumor invasion,tissue differentiation,lymphatic or vascular invasion,excision degree and curability were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were divided into the complete cure group and the incomplete cure group.Univariate and multivariate analysis were done using the chi-square test and Logistic regression model,respectively.Results Of the 143 lesions,en-bloc resection was done in 125 lesions,and piecemeal resection in 18 lesions.There were 90 intramucosal carcinomas and 53 submucosal carcinomas.The numbers of high,moderate and low differentiated colorectal cancer were 96,37 and 10.Lymphatic or vascular invasion was found in 8 lesions.The numbers of R0,R1,R2 and Rx resection were 118,15,8 and 2.Two patients with Rx resection were excluded from this study.There were 98 patients (101 lesions) in the complete cure group,and 40 patients (40 lesions) in the incomplete cure group.The results of univariate analysis showed that tumor location,shape and resection type were the risk factors influencing the efficacy of EMR for early colorectal cancer (x2=7.523,16.280,4.156,P ＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor located at the proximal colon,superficial protrusive and depressed type and piecemeal resection were the independently risk factors influencing the efficacy of EMR (OR =7.219,6.115,5.211,P ＜0.05).Conclusions EMR is not easy to achieve complete cure for early colorectal cancer with superficial protrusive and depressed type or located at the proximal colon.Endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection should try to avoid.

Chromosomal translocations involving immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus at 14q32 are commonly seen in multiple myeloma (MM), which may involve in pathogenesis and associate with prognosis. To rapidly detect the occurrence of translocation involving IgH locus and the fellow chromosomes and isolate the break points, According to the break points occured in switch regions, patents and references, a long distance vectorette PCR method was developed. The results showed that using this method, a 3.5 kb PCR product from MM cell line U266 was gained, each ends aligned with 11q and IgHalpha 1 switch region, respectively. It is concluded that LDV-PCR is effective detection technique. Detecting China MM patients by using this method can interpret some specific clinic statues and pathogenesis mechanisms, and help to find new therapy targets and to assess the patient prognosis.
Base Sequence ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Switch Region ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of serum levels of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in predicting malignant cerebral infarction in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: The clinical data about 66 patients with hemisphere massive cerebral infarction were collected. According to clinical symptoms and brain computed tomography (CT) findings, the patients were divided into malignant cerebral infarction group (MCI) and non-MCI group. The serum levels of AQP4 and MMP-9 were detected 1, 4, 7 days. The diagnostic value of AQP4 and MMP-9 in predicting occurrence of MCI was analysed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The serum levels of AQP4 and MMP-9 in MCI group were significantly higher than those in non-MCI group in the fourth day (P<0.05). In MCI group, AQP4 and MMP-9 in the fourth day were significant higher than other two time points (P<0.05). But in non-MCI group, AQP4 and MMP-9 in different time points have no differences (P>0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the aera under curve for the serum levels of AQP4 was 0.654 (95% CI: 0.516-0.792). When the serum AQP4=23.49 μg/L, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.57, 0.74, respectively. Conclusions Serum AQP4 and MMP-9 levels were increased in patients with MCI. Combined detection of serum AQP4 and MMP-9 is helpful for early differential diagnosis of MCI.

WNKs (with-no-lysine [K]) are a family of serine-threonine protein kinases with an atypical placement of the catalytic lysine relative to all other protein kinases. The roles of WNK kinases in regulating ion transport were first revealed by the findings that mutations of two members cause a genetic hypertension and hyperkalemia syndrome. More recent studies suggest that WNKs are pleiotropic protein kinases with important roles in many cell processes in addition to ion transport. Here, we review roles of WNK kinases in the regulation of ion balance, cell signaling, survival, and proliferation, and embryonic organ development.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia/enzymology/etiology/genetics ; Hypertension/enzymology/etiology/genetics ; Kidney/enzymology ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/enzymology/etiology/genetics ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Pseudohypoaldosteronism/enzymology/etiology/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Signal Transduction ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of constructing scaffold for tissue engineering with human extracellular matrix from adipose tissue.

METHODSFresh human adipose tissue was obtained by liposuction in 7 women who undergone liposuction. One part of the fat was used to isolate the adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), the other part was used to extract human extracellular matrix powder. After removing blood and oil components, the tissue was homogenized, centrifuged, freeze-dried, and crushed to powder by instrument. The structure of human ECM powder was observed with electron microscopy. The ADSCs were seeded and attached to the human extracellular matrix powder before and after labeled with fluorescent DiI, respectively. The adhesion rate was detected. The adhesion and growth of ADSCs were observed with Fluorescence microscope. The adhesion rate before and after DiI labeling was analyzed statistically with two-sample test of SPSS 13.0.

RESULTSThe ADSCs and human extracellular matrix powder were obtained successfully from adipose tissue. The ADSCs could be differentiated into adipose cells, bone cells and chondrocytes. SEM images showed that the power had both rugged and smooth surface with a porous structure characteristics. ADSCs could adhere to the scaffold easily, and the adhesion rate was (88.81 +/- 4.81)% and (86.48 +/- 4.58)% before and after DiI labeling. There was no difference between two groups. DiI labeled ADSCs were adhered to extracellular matrix scaffold and could grow in good condition.

CONCLUSIONSHuman adipose tissue extracellular matrix powder was easy to obtain, with diversity in size and shape which provided excellent substrates for cell adhesion and growth. It could be an ideal adipose tissue engineering scaffold.

Adipocytes ; cytology ; Adipose Tissue ; cytology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Extracellular Matrix ; Female ; Humans ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Young Adult

Copper ion was necessary for the transcription of all laccase isozyme genes from Trametes sp. AH28-2, with higher concentrations of Cu2+ (1-2 mmol/L) being more favorable to the synthesis of laccase. In the glucose media containing 0.5 mmol/L Cu2+, the laccase activity of the supernate was rather low (44.3 u/L) and had an increase of 60.3% (71.0 u/L) when 4.0 mmol/L o-toluidine was added. Moreover, the activity reached up to 2584 u/L as the glucose was replaced by cellobiose. And Native-PAGE showed that LacA was the main laccase component if fungus was induced by o-toluidine or copper ions. It had been demonstrated by quantitative RT-PCR that the regulation of lacA expression, induced by o-toluidine, occurred at the transcriptional level, with the accumulation of mRNA transcripts being accompanied by the increase of laccase activity of the culture fluid. In addition, the structural gene of lacA interrupted by 10 introns was 2110 bp in length and the corresponding cDNA sequence was 1560 bp encoding a 520 aa protein, which had high similarities with other laccases from basidiomycetes. Furthermore, a length of 1881 bp of 5'-terminal sequence of transcription control of lacA, amplified by the improved inverse PCR, contained a TATA box, seven CAAT boxes as well as a number of putative cis-acting elements important for its expression, including five MREs, nine CreA-binding sites, four XREs, two STREs and seven nitrogen factor binding sites. The existence of these elements was well in agreement with the data obtained from Trametes sp. AH28-2 shaken-flask cultures.
5' Untranslated Regions ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Copper ; pharmacology ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Isoenzymes ; Laccase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Trametes ; enzymology ; genetics ; Transcription, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the result of surgical treatment of the middle and upper-middle esophageal carcinoma with a new operation, performing the anastomosis posterior to the aortic arch at the apex of the thoracic cavity.

METHODSFrom April 1996 to May. 2000, 179 patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated. Sixty-eight of these patients (49 in the middle and 19 in the upper-middle segment) were treated by esophogogastrostomy at the top of the chest, posterior to the aortic arch. There were squamous cell carcinoma 50, adenocarcinoma 16, undifferentiated carcinoma 2, including 8 double-primaries. The lesions were stage I 9 and stage II-III 59.

RESULTSAll patients have been alive after follow-up of 2 months to 3 years. Without any positive margins, anastomotic leak or perioperative death, this new method has merits: 1. Length of esophagus resected was maximal through one single incision. It would be especially useful for some of the upper-middle lesions. 2. This new method requires a shorter transposed stomach than that required by the combined triple cervico-thoraco-abdominal approach. 3. As the site of thoracic stomach was on the bed of esophagus, there was less chance of post-operative embarrassment in respiration due to the dilatation of the transpositioned stomach and pylorostenosis, etc. 4. There would be less chance of reflux esophagitis because of the "blocking" by the aortic arch, thereby, the patients life is improved.

CONCLUSIONThis radical operation for esophageal carcinoma with anastomosis at top of the thoracic cavity posterior to the aortic arch, being a newly designed surgical method, is especially useful for carcinoma in the middle and upper-middle esophageal segment.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Aorta, Thoracic ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of rotavirus associated mild encephalopathy/encephalitis with reversible splenial lesion(RAMERS).Methods RAMERS cases were collected from December 2017 to January 2018 at the Department of Neurology,Jiangxi Children's Hospital.The clinical and electroencephalogram characteristics of 14 patients with RAMERS were retrospectively investigated.Data was analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 software.Results Fourteen cases of RAMERS were tested,9 males,and 5 females,with the average age of (27.00 ±6.45) months,and all cases suffered from the generalized tonic-clonic seizures,57.14％ (8/14 cases) had cluster seizure (at lest 2 times/day),convulsions occurred (3.14 ± 1.29) days after gastroenteritis,and 64.29％ (9/14 cases) had pathologic fever (38 ℃ or higher).The background of electroencephalogram(EEG) was characterized by nonspecific rhythmic slow waves in 10 cases (71.43 ％,10/14 cases),normal in 3 cases (21.43 ％,3/14 cases),and interictal EEG performed in 1 case(7.14％,1/14 cases) which was characterized by focal discharges of spikes in the forehead,central,and all of the EEG manifestations go back to normal after 2 weeks.Twelve patients' brain MRI showed solitary splenium of corpus callosum lesion,and two showed splenium of corpus callosum and bilateral symmetry white matter lesion.Conclusions RAMERS is a special type of reversible splenial lesion syndrome,which occurs predominantly in infants and young children.It is characterized by gastroenteritis,benign infantile convulsion,cluster seizure and nonspecific rhythmic slow waves in the background of EEG.Prognosis is usually excellent.Head MRI reexamination is not recommended as a routine procedure to avoid overtreatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of 3-oxo-C12-HSL on autophagy in mouse alveolar macrophages MH-S cells. Methods MH-S cells were treated with culture supernatants of the mutant and wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) strains of LasI gene(3-oxo-C12-HSL synthetic gene) and chemically synthesized 3-oxo-C12-HSL signaling molecules. GFP puncta was observed by laser confocal fluorescence microscopy and the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ was detected by Western blot to detect the formation of autophagic.Autophagic flux was also detected by mo-nitoring the degradation of p62 and the change of chloroquine to LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰratio. Results The supernatant of the culture medium of the wild type PA strain increased the GFP puncta of the MH-S cells(P<0.05) and the ra-tio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ(P<0.01),The mutant PA strain of LasI gene could not cause the above changes related to autophagy. The chemically synthesized 3-oxo-C12-HSL signal molecules could increase the number of autophagic bodies and the expression of LC3Ⅱ (P<0.01). Autophagic substrate p62 was degraded by 3-oxo-C12-HSL. Chloroquine, a lysosomal inhibitor, enhanced LC3Ⅱaccumulation caused by 3-oxo-C12-HSL (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusions 3-oxo-C12-HSL increases the level of autophagy in MH-S cells.

6'-O-galloylpaeoniflorin (GPF) is a galloylated derivate of paeoniflorin and a key chemical constituent of the peony root, a perennial flowering plant that is widely used as an herbal medicine in East Asia. This study is the first investigation of the cytoprotective effects of GPF against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell injury and death in human HaCaT keratinocytes. GPF demonstrated a significant scavenging capacity against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, H2O2-generated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the superoxide anion radical (O2-), and the hydroxyl radical (*OH). GPF also safeguarded HaCaT keratinocytes against H2O2-provoked apoptotic cell death and attenuated oxidative macromolecular damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins. The compound exerted its cytoprotective actions in keratinocytes at least in part by decreasing the number of DNA strand breaks, the levels of 8-isoprostane (a stable end-product of lipid peroxidation), and the formation of carbonylated protein species. Taken together, these results indicate that GPF may be developed as a cytoprotector against ROS-mediated oxidative stress.
Cell Death ; DNA ; Far East ; Flowers ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans* ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Hydroxyl Radical ; Keratinocytes* ; Oxidative Stress ; Paeonia ; Plants ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Superoxides