Optical positioning system has a wide range of application in many fields. This paper presents an optical positioning method which combines linear and plane cameras. 1-D image signal of linear camera is used to get 1-D coordinates of the targets, which can be processed quickly. We can use it to assist processing the 2-D image signals of plane camera under some constraints. Linear camera can reduce the amount of position searching and calculation in coordinates extracting of targets in 2D image, and it can also help identify multiple targets. The results showed that our method could reach an accuracy of 1.608 mm, which was about one thousandth of the measurable range, and the reconstruction time for 4 targets without geometric constraints is 23.87 ms, namely 41.9 fps.
Equipment Design ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; instrumentation ; Optical Devices

Objective To evaluate the effect and clinical value of open surgery combined ultrasound-guided Mammotome in the treatment of multiple breast lumps. Methods Four hundred and forty-four patients in our hospital from Jan. 2006 to Jun. 2008 were divided into 3 groups, who underwent classical open surgery, ultrasound-guided Mammotome operation, or combined therapy respectively and followed by post-operation visits reguarly. The operation effects were compared between the 3 groups. Results Compared with the classical open surgery, combined therapy had no difference in time of procedure and procedural bleeding, but had lower incidence of local skin, better incision condition and higher satisfaction of patients. Compared with ultrasound-guided Mammotome operation, combined therapy took less time in procedure, and in the same time had less procedural bleeding, lower post-operation complication and higher patients satisfaction. Conclusions Combined therapy has high complete removal rate, low post-operation complication as well as cosmetic effect. It has special advantages over the other two kinds of surgery, so it has wide clinical application.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of management in younger patients with primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma (PCACG).METHODS: Thirty-eight patients (50 eyes) aged 40 or younger with confirmed diagnosis of PCACG in advanced or late stage who received surgical treatment in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January 2000 to December 2005were retrospectively investigated. All patients underwent trabeculectomy. The mean follow-up was 23.6±7.5 months.Full ophthalmic examinations were performed. The clinical outcomes including clinical presentations, surgical results and complications were evaluated.RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 33.5±6.1 years old. There was a female preponderance (60.5%). The mean axial length was 22.4±3.5mm with 18.0% short axis of eyeball and 14% nanophthalmos. There was 60.0% fiat anterior chamber depth (＜1.9mm). Ultrasonic Biomicroscopy identified that plateau iris was the most common underlying etiology (80.6%). There was a statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction postoperativelyvs preoperatively (P＜0.001). Four eyes failed to control IOP and received second filtration surgery. The main postoperative complications included shallow anterior chamber (20.0%) and malignant glaucoma (12.0%).CONCLUSION: The younger PCACG patients in advanced or late stage can be effectively managed by trabeculectomy.They have more frequency of postoperative sustained shallow anterior chamber and malignant glaucoma. Careful ophthalmic examinations, delicate surgical procedures and well-managed technique of complications were suggested on younger PCACG patients.

Objective To summarize and explore the clinical value of Mammotome technology in the diagnosis and treatment of breast neoplasms. Methods Nine hundred and eighty-seven breast neoplasms of 710patients were biopsied and excised with the aid of ultrasound-guided Mammotome system. The malignant neoplasms,according to the histological report,were radically removed during the operation without delay. All patients enrolled into the study were followed up closely on the complcations and satisfaction degree. Results All the operations except one were successful and got the sufficient specimen to perform the pathological examination,the biopsy achievement rate was 99. 8% . Both the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis were 100% in 16 breast tumors. Complete resection rate was 99%. The incision length was about 3 mm,showing good cosmetic outcome. Complcations were mild,mainly composed of haematoma and ecchymosis. The patients' general satisfactory rate was 93%. Conclusions This technique can help achieve biopsy of breast neplasm and excision of benign lesions at the same time with cosmetic result Further attention should be paid to reduce the lesion residue and hemorrhagic complications.

ObjectiveTo analyze the surgical treatment of visceral artery aneurysm (VAAs).MethodClinical data of 19 patients surgically treated for visceral artery aneurysm in our hospital from Feb 2002 to Jun 2010 were reviewed. There were 7 cases of splenic, 1 of right hepatic, 1 of left gastric,3 of pancreaticoduodenal,2 of gastroduodenal, 1 of superior mesenteric, 1 of middle colic, 1 of left colic and 2 of renal artery aneurysms. Rupture of the aneurysm occurred in 12 patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in 13 cases, other 6 cases received open surgical treatment.ResultsFour patients suffered from recurrent bleeding after first embolization, 2 of those received surgery to stop bleeding, another 2 were successfully managed by second embolization.Bleeding were rapidly controlled in 8 ruptured patients associated with shock. Duodenum incomplete obstruction developed in 1 patient after pancreaticoduodenal artery embolization, another 2 patients suffered from partial splenic infarction after splenic artery operation. 18 cases were followed-up from 2 to 103 months without aneurysm recurrence.ConclusionsEndovascular embolization and open surgery for VAAs are safe and effective, endovascular intervention and embolization is especially life saving for ruptured pseudo-aneurysm cases.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of hepatic steatosis on virologic response in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFNa).

METHODSNinety-six naive patients positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and with biopsy-proven CHB were administered PEG-IFNa-2a or PEG-IFNa-2b for 48 weeks. Virologic response (HBeAg clearance and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA less than 5 log10 copies/ml) and biochemical response (alanine transaminase (ALT) normalization) were compared between patients with (n=34) and without (n=62) steatosis.

RESULTSThe HBV DNA titer in the steatosis group was significantly lower than that of the non-steatosis group (6.961.27 vs. 7.541.28 log10 copies/ml; t=2.161, P=0.033). After 48 weeks of PEG-IFNa treatments, there was no significant difference in HBeAg seroconversion or the percentage of undetectable HBV DNA (less than 3 log10 copies/ml) between steatosis and non-steatosis patients. However, the steatosis patients presented with a significantly lower complete response rate (virologic response plus biochemical response) compared to non-steatosis patients (26.5% vs. 48.4%; x² =4.373, P=0.037). Of the 45 CHB patients with undetectable HBV DNA after 48 weeks of treatment, seven did not achieve ALT normalization. The rate of patients with non-biochemical response was significantly higher in the steatosis group than in the non-steatosis group (33.3% vs. 6.67%; P=0.032).

CONCLUSIONHepatic steatosis does not affect the virologic response, but does affect the biochemical response in CHB patients treated with PEG-IFNa for 48 weeks.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; pathology ; virology ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted minimal invasive resection(Mammotome procedure)of breast lumps through the retromammary space. Methods Seven hundred and eighty-seven patients in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from Jan. 2011 to May 2012 were underwent ultrasound-guided Mammotome operation through the retromammary space (retromammary space group,385 cases),or adjacent the lumps,and followed by post-operation visits regularly (Mammotome operation adjacent the lumps group,402 cases). The operation effects were compared between the two groups. Results All cases were followed up for 12 months. The period of Mmmotome operation through the retromam mary space and the rate of resection were(48 ± 6)min and(52 ± 4)min,99. 48%(383 / 385), 99. 25%(399 / 402),perspectively,in group of Mammotome operation through the retromammary space and Mammotome operation adjacent lumpsand. There was no significant difference between the two groups( P> 0. 05). The amount of procedural bleeding,the incidence of ecchymosis,local hematoma and the number of incision in group of Mammotome operation through the retromammary space were(8 ± 3)ml,2. 34%(9 / 385), 0. 52%(2 / 385),(1. 3 ± 0. 6)respectively,which were significantly lower than those in Mammotome operation adjacent the lumps group((14 ± 6)ml,8. 71%(35 / 402),2. 74%(11 / 402),(2. 4 ± 0. 3)respectively). There were statistical difference between two groups( P = 0. 003,P < 0. 001,P = 0. 001,P = 0. 006). The rate of satisfaction in group of Mammotome operation through the retro-mammary space was 98. 70%(380 / 385),which is significantly higher than in group of Mammotome operation adjacent the lumps(89. 30%(359 / 402),P< 0. 01). Conclusion The therapy approach of ultrasound-guided Mammotome operation through the retromammary space has lower hemorrhagic complication,as well as the better effect with special advantages. Therefore it has prospective clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the detailed failure mechanisms of revision hip arthroplasties and related risk factors.

METHODSFrom November 1988 to July 2008 revision of total hip arthroplasties was performed in 327 patients. The medical history, clinical and imaging material and operation records were investigated.

RESULTSRegarding revision as the end point of the study, the reasons for 327 revision arthroplasties were aseptic loosening in 226 hips (69.1%), infection in 52 hips (15.9%), periprosthetic fracture in 22 hips (6.7%), instability in 17 hips (5.2%), stem fracture in 5 hips (1.5%) and liner dissociation in 5 hips (1.5%).

CONCLUSIONSThe main failure mechanisms of primary hip arthroplasties are aseptic loosening and infection of implants, which could be attributed to improper selection of operation indications and implants and limitations to surgical philosophy and technique.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Prosthesis Failure ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Wound Infection ; Treatment Failure

Anesthesia, General ; Coronavirus Infections ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Operating Rooms ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Personal Protective Equipment ; classification ; Pneumonia, Viral ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

OBJECTIVETo clone the glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and to induce its fusion expression in E. coli.

METHODSGAPDH was obtained by PCR and was inserted into cloning vector pMD-18-T to construct clone recon. Double enzymes digest the recon pMD18-T-GAPDH and the prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a and then connect to get the expressing recon pET-32a-GAPDH. The recombinant expression plasmid which had been confirmed by enzymes digestion was transformed to E. coli competent cells BL21 and induced the expression of GAPDH with isopropyl beta-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) of different density.

RESULTSDNA sequencing showed that the fragment was 99.802% the same to the sequence published in NCBI. Under the best density, IPTG could be highly expressed.

CONCLUSIONThe GAPDH had been successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli which gets ready for the following experiment to study the immunity of GAPDH and the homologues antibody preparation.

Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cloning, Organism ; Escherichia coli ; Genetic Vectors ; Glyceraldehyde ; Oxidoreductases ; Phosphates ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Porphyromonas gingivalis