OBJECTIVE To explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 3 blood-absorbed components of Xiangshao sanjie oral liquid in rats with hyperplasia of mammary gland （HMG）. METHODS Female SD rats were divided into control group and HMG group according to body weight， with 6 rats in each group. The HMG group was given estrogen+progesterone to construct HMG model. After modeling， two groups were given 1.485 g/kg of Xiangshao sanjie oral liquid （calculated by crude drug） intragastrically， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected before the first administration （0 h）， and at 5， 15， 30 minutes and 1， 2， 4， 8， 12， 24 hours after the last administration， respectively. Using chlorzoxazone as the internal standard， the plasma concentrations of ferulic acid， paeoniflorin and rosmarinic acid in rats were detected by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters [area under the drug time curve （AUC0－24 h， AUC0－∞）， mean residence time （MRT0－∞）， half-life （t1/2）， peak time （tmax）， peak concentration （cmax）] were calculated by the non-atrioventricular model using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.1 software. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the AUC0－24 h， AUC0－∞ and cmax of ferulic acid in the HMG group were significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the AUC0－24 h， AUC0－∞ ， MRT0－∞ ， t1/2 and cmax of paeoniflorin increased， but there was no significant difference between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； the AUC0－24 h and MRT0-∞ of rosmarinic acid were significantly increased or prolonged （P＜0.05）. C ONCLUSIONS In HMG model rats， the exposure of ferulic acid， paeoniflorin and rosmarinic acid in Xiangshao sanjie oral liquid all increase， and the retention time of rosmarinic acid is significantly prolonged.

Objective:To compare the difference of chemical compositions of single decoction and mixed decoction of Gypsum Fibrosum - Anemarrhenae Rhizoma medicinal pair with different proportion.Methods:The Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) and Ion Chromatography (IC) fingerprints of each sample were collected, and the independent sample t-test on the ratio of "peak area/weight" value of common peaks which was from the single decoction and mixed decoction samples was performed through SPSS 26.0.Results:In the UPLC fingerprint, there was significant difference in the "peak area/weight" values of peak 1, peak 2, peak 3, peak 6 and peak 13 between mixed decoction and single decoction with different compatibility ratios (1:1, 3:2, 2:1, 5:2, 3:1)( P<0.05), while peak 5 and peak 11 were without significant difference ( P>0.05). When the compatibility ratio of Gypsum Fibrosum and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma was 1:1, 3:2, 5:2, 3:1, there was significant difference in the "peak area/weight" values of peak 7 (neomangiferin) ( P<0.05). In the IC fingerprint, there was significant difference in the "peak area/weight" values of peak 1 between mixed decoction and single decoction with different compatibility ratios (1:1, 3:2, 2:1, 5:2, 3:1) ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in peak 5 (calcium ion) ( P>0.05). Conclusion:There are differences in the chemical component content of Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma medicinal pair for single decoction and mixed decoction.

Objective:To investigate epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium marinum infection cases in the Dermatology Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021. Methods:Data were collected from patients with Mycobacterium marinum infection in the Dermatology Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021. Demographic characteristics, clinical features and prognosis of patients were retrospectively analyzed. Differences between groups were analyzed using t test, Chi-square test and Fisher′s exact test; factors influencing the time to diagnosis (the time from the first appearance of skin manifestations to the diagnosis of Mycobacterium marinum infection in the hospital) longer than 12 months were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model, and the odds ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Results:From 2019 to 2021, a total of 373 cases of Mycobacterium marinum infection were diagnosed in the hospital, and the number of cases in 2021 was 4.06 times that in 2019; the male-to-female ratio was 1∶1.49, and their age was 54.24 ± 14.04 years. Among the 373 patients, 211 (56.57%) had a history of trauma caused by aquatic products (e.g., fishes, shrimps), of which 51 (24.17%) were stung by sea perch. Skin lesions involved unilateral limbs in 327 (87.67%) patients, only involved the hands or wrists in 188 (50.40%) patients, and 258 (69.17%) had multiple skin lesions. Among the 341 patients with treatment information, 105 (30.79%) were given one antibiotic, 214 (62.76%) received combination treatment with two antibiotics, and 15 (4.40%) were treated with three antibiotics. The response rate was 98.77% (321/325), and the time to diagnosis [ M ( Q1, Q3) ] was 5.03 (3.00, 8.37) months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated higher proportions of males ( OR [95% CI]: 1.95[1.11 - 3.41], P = 0.02), patients aged > 55 years ( OR [95% CI]: 1.82[1.04 - 3.18], P = 0.04), patients with skin lesions only involving hands, arms or lower limbs ( OR [95% CI]: 3.48[1.83 - 6.61], P<0.001) among the patients whose time to diagnosis was longer than 12 months. Conclusions:The number of patients with Mycobacterium marinum infection was increased in the Dermatology Hospital of Shandong First Medical University year by year from 2019 to 2021, and fish sting wounds were the main cause of infection. The most common treatment regimen was the combination of two antibiotics, with a high efficacy profile.

Behçet’s syndrome is a kind of chronic systemic vasculitis with involvement of multiple organs. Intestinal involvement of Behçet’s syndrome is presently named as intestinal Behçet’s syndrome (disease). Recently, there is considering another kind of disease type with only typical intestinal ulcers. Since it is difficult to differentiate intestinal Behçet’s syndrome from Crohn’s disease, intestinal tuberculosis, intestinal lymphoma, as well as intestinal manifestations of many other autoimmune diseases, and there is limited evidence for the therapy of intestinal Behçet’s syndrome, proposing diagnosis and treatment recommendations for intestinal Behçet’s syndrome through evidence-based judgment will be of great significance for clinical practice.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MethodsFrom May to October, 2021, twelve patients with T2DM were recruited with internet. An HIIT exercise intervention based on WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour and World Health Organization Family of International Classifications (WHO-FICs) was constructed. They received aerobic combined with resistance training in a multi-combination HIIT using whole-body exercise, 30 to 35 minutes a time, three times a week, for eight weeks. Before and after intervention, their blood glucose levels, lipid levels, pancreatic fat content and body composition were measured. ResultsOne cased was dropped. After intervention, the fasting glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose, hemoglobin A1c, fasting serum insulin, insulin resistance index, serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, pancreatic fat content, body weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage improved (t > 2.258, P < 0.05). ConclusionHIIT exercise intervention based on the Guidelines and WHO-FICs could improve the related functions of patients with T2DM, such as blood glucose levels, blood lipid levels, pancreatic fat content and body composition, and reduce the consumption of hypoglycemic drugs.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of anxiety and depression on Internet gaming disorder in medical students， and to evaluate the moderating effect of gender， so as to provide references for the prevention and intervention of Internet gaming disorder in medical students. MethodsIn November 2021， a total of 11 771 medical students from a medical college in Sichuan province participated in an online survey through Wenjuanxing platform. Participants completed the Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）， Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） and the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form （IGDS9-SF）. Then a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to discuss the moderating role of gender in the relationships between anxiety， depression and Internet gaming disorder in medical students. Results①Males scored lower on SDS （t=-8.302， P<0.01）， and higher on IGDS9-SF than females （t=33.384， P<0.01）. ②SAS score of medical students was positively correlated with SDS score （r=0.735， P<0.01）， SAS and SDS scores were positively correlated with IGDS9-SF score in medical students （r=0.288， 0.238， P<0.01）. ③Anxiety and depression could positively predict Internet gaming disorder （β=0.245， 0.058， t=18.864， 4.444， P<0.01）. ④Gender played a moderating effect between anxiety and Internet gaming disorder （β=-0.194， t=-4.518， P<0.01）. ConclusionAnxiety and depression have a positive predictive effect on Internet gaming disorder in medical students. Furthermore， the effects of anxiety on Internet gaming disorder are moderated by gender， and the anxiety of male students exhibits a markedly stronger impact on Internet gaming disorder than that of female students.

Beh?et′s syndrome is a kind of chronic systemic vasculitis with involvement of multiple organs. Intestinal involvement of Beh?et′s syndrome is presently named as intestinal Beh?et′s syndrome. Recently, there is considering another kind of disease type with only typical intestinal ulcers. Since it is difficult to differentiate intestinal Beh?et′s syndrome from Crohn′s disease, intestinal tuberculosis, intestinal lymphoma, and intestinal manifestations of many other autoimmune diseases, and there is limited evidence for the therapy of intestinal Beh?et′s syndrome, proposing diagnosis and treatment recommendations for intestinal Beh?et′s syndrome through evidence-based judgment will be of great significance for clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness, and to develop and verify the model.Methods:A total of 247 patients admitted to ICU patients from November 2018 to October 2019 were selected, and risk factors between ICU acquired weakness group ( n=106) and non-ICU acquired weakness group( n=141)were compared using logistic regression for model construction.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to verify the goodness of fit of the model. The area under the ROC curve was used to test the model to predict the effects. From November 2019 to May 2020, 106 patients were recruited for application of the model. Results:The incidence of ICU acquired weakness in this study was 42.91%(106/247), and 44.34%(47/106),the study finally included age ( OR=1.043) ,mechanical ventilation time ( OR=1.140) , APACHE II score ( OR=1.081) , blood sugar ( OR=1.117) , lactic acid( OR=1.459) ,and neuromuscular blockers ( OR=3.499) to construct the risk prediction. The model formula was P=1/1+exp (- Z) =1/1+exp (8.808-0.042×age -1.252×neuromuscular blockers-0.078×APACHE II score -0.110×blood sugar -0.378×lactic acid -0.131×mechanical ventilation time. The area under the ROC curve of this model was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.824-0.914) , the maximum value of the Youden index was 0.577, and the corresponding sensitivity was 0.754,the specificity was 0.823,the cutoff value was 0.503. The model verification results the sensibility of 70.2%, the specificity of 88.1%, and the accuracy of 80.2%. Conclusion:The predictic model of ICU acquired weakness couducted in this study has satisfactory prediction effect, which can provide a reference for clinical screening of high-risk patients.

Objective:To construct the molecular transmission network of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic strains in northern Zhejiang Province (Jiaxing City and Huzhou City) and to explore the HIV-1 transmission characteristics in this region.Methods:A total of 371 newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients in Jiaxing City and Huzhou City in 2017 were included as study subjects, and the blood samples were collected and the basic demographic and epidemiological information were obtained. RNA in plasma was extracted, and the pol region gene sequence was amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to construct phylogenetic tree for identifying subtypes. The pairwise genetic distances were calculated, and the optimal threshold of genetic distance was selected, and finally the molecular transmission network was constructed. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results:The pol region gene sequences of 336 samples were successfully obtained, and 11 subtypes were detected, mainly including circulating recombinant form (CRF)07_BC (40.8%, 137/336) and CRF01_AE (31.2%, 105/336). Based on the 1.0% genetic distance threshold, the molecular transmission network of HIV-1 was plotted. A total of 38 transmission clusters (cluster sizes ranging from two to 28) including 119 patients were found, with males predominantly (82.4%, 98/119) and most of the patients aged over 40 (include 40) years old (52.9%, 63/119), mainly infected with CRF07_BC subtype (57.1%, 68/119) and CRF01_AE (24.4%, 29/119). The clustering rate of CRF07_BC (49.6%, 68/137) was significantly higher than that of CRF01_AE (27.6%, 29/105), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=5.27, P=0.022). Two large clusters C1 (28 cases) and C2 (11 cases) were identified, the majority of which were men who have sex with men (17 cases and seven cases, respectively). High-risk cases generally sought sexual partners in local or nearby cities through mobile phone dating software, of which the infected sequences mostly had high homology with other economic developed regions (Guangdong Province, Beijing City and Hangzhou City, etc.). Conclusions:The HIV-1 subtypes are diverse in Jiaxing City and Huzhou City, mainly CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE. The HIV-1 transmission networks are complex, among which high-risk cases may be the key factor leading to the HIV-1 epidemic in the region. Therefore, it is urgent to deepen the transmission network monitoring and formulate timely precise intervention and prevention strategies.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of indocyanine green (ICG) navigation in the surgical resection of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE).Methods:Seven women undergoing surgery for AWE in First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (from July 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021) were collected. After exposure of the focus, ICG were used intravenously (0.25 mg/kg) as fluorescent dye for the intraoperative evaluation of AWE vascularization. Resection of the AWE was guided by direct visualization of the focus under standard laparoscopy with a near-infrared (NIR) camera head. Surgical margin around the AWE (3, 6, 9 and 12 point) and the margin under the focus were obtained for postoperative pathological examination of endometriosis. Time from injection to fluorescence visualization, the proportion of fluorescence visualization, time of fully resection of AWE, side effects related to the use of ICG, perioperative complications as well as the pathological result of the surgical margins were recorded.Results:ICG fluorescence of the AWE were seen in 5 patients (5/7). The mean time from injection to fluorescence visualization was (46.7±9.8) s. The mean time of fully resection of AWE was (16.4±7.0) minutes. There were no side effects related to the use of ICG. The rate of class-A wound healing was 7/7. All of the surgical margins were confirmed endometriosis-negative by postoperative pathological examination.Conclusion:ICG fluorescence visualization could conduct accurate resection of AWE, which is clinically safe and effective.