To study the effects of the extract of fungal elicitor, AgNO3, MeJA and yeast on the growth and content of secondary metabolites of adventitious roots in Tripterygium wilfordii. The above elicitors were supplemented to the medium, the growth and the content of secondary metabolites were measured. When the medium was supplemented with the elicitor Glomerella cingulata or Collectotrichum gloeosporioides, the content of triptolide was increased by 2.24 and 1.93-fold, the alkaloids content was increased by 2.02 and 2.07-fold, respectively. The optimal concentration of G. cingulata was 50 μg/mL for accumulation of triptolide, alkaloids and for the growth of adventitious roots. AgNO3 inhibited the growth of adventitious roots and the accumulation of the alkaloids, whereas it (at 25 μmol/L) increased the accumulation of triptolide by 1.71-fold compared to the control. The growth of adventitious roots, the contents of triptolide and alkaloids were increased 1.04, 1.64 and 2.12-folds, respectively when MeJA was at 50 μmol/L. When the concentration of yeast reached 2 g/L, the content of triptolide increased 1.48-folds. This research demonstrated that supplementation of AgNO3 and yeast enhanced the biosynthesis of triptolide in adventitious roots and the synergism of G. cingulata and MeJA could promote the biosynthesis of both triptolide and alkaloids.
Acetates ; pharmacology ; Alkaloids ; biosynthesis ; Colletotrichum ; Cyclopentanes ; pharmacology ; Diterpenes ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Epoxy Compounds ; metabolism ; Oxylipins ; pharmacology ; Phenanthrenes ; metabolism ; Phyllachorales ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Secondary Metabolism ; Tripterygium ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism

Acupuncture at Baliao points for urinary incontinence has the advantages of obvious therapeutic effect, simple operation and few complications, which is mainly used for the treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke, urinary incontinence after spinal cord injury, stress urinary incontinence and urinary incontinence of bladder overactivity, etc. Urinary incontinence after stroke and spinal cord injury is a complication of disease, most of which are combined with acupuncture at Baliao points on the basis of primary disease treatment. The bladder meridian of foot-Taiyang has the characteristics of "entering the collateral brain" and "carrying spine to the waist". Baliao points can conduct induction along the bladder meridian to the sick site along the bladder meridian, and can play a certain therapeutic role in the treatment of the primary disease. Stress urinary incontinence and urinary incontinence of bladder overactivity can be regarded as independent diseases. Since Baliao points are located in the lumbosacral region which is close to the bladder, acupuncture can play a role in the near treatment of acupoints, improve the operation of bladder qi and blood, and the curative effect has a cumulative effect.

Objective: To analyze and compare the volatile components in Smilax glabra Robx. and its adulterant Smilax china L. . Methods: The volatile components in Smilax glabra Robx. and Smilax china L. were analyzed by head space solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS). The relative percentage of each component was calculated by area normalization method. Results: Totally 24 components were detected out from Smilax glabra Robx. , and among them, 20 components were identified, which accounted for 97. 04% of the volatile components. Totally 21 components were detected out from Smilax china L. , and among them, 15 components were identified, which accounted for 77. 76% of the volatile components. Conclusion: The composition and content of volatile components in Smilax glabra Robx. and its adulterant Smilax china L. are differ-ent. The method can provide scientific basis for the identification of Smilax glabra Robx. and its adulterants.

To summarize the nursing experience of a post-operational patient with valvular heart disease and prolonged weaning due to tracheomalacia.Key points of nursing include real-time monitoring of bleeding and coagulation,dynamic implementation of anticoagulation programs;strengthening airway management,early warning and treatment of airway collapse;multi-dimensional joint diagnosis and treatment to speed up the rehabilitation process;real-time assessment,sequential management of sedation,analgesia and nutrition programs.After 27 days of careful treatment and nursing,the patient was weaned from a ventilator successfully and transferred to another department,and was discharged after 5 days.

Tooth ankylosis is a clinical condition where the tooth cementum directly fuses with the surrounding alveolar bone,leading to functional and aesthetic defects.The etiology involves genetic,metabolic,and local stimulation factors.The diagnosis of tooth ankylosis requires a combination of clinical manifestations and imaging examinations to improve the diagnostic accuracy.The treatment of tooth ankylosis presents significant challenges.Orthodontic treatment combined with other disciplines offers a new,comprehensive treatment approach,integrating traditional orthodontic techniques with osteotomy,distraction osteogenesis,orthodontic bone traction,corticotomy,dislocation,and autologous tooth transplantation techniques.The treatment of tooth ankylosis requires the cooperation of multiple disciplines,and the experts from orthodontics,oral surgery,and oral medicine collaborate to develop the optimal treatment plan.This comprehensive treatment method achieves better outcomes compared with traditional treatments.This review discusses the etiology,diagnosis,and orthodontic combined multidisciplinary treatment methods of tooth ankylosis,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment options,evaluates the efficacy and risks,and provides new perspectives for the treatment of tooth ankylosis.

Angiogenesis is a process that new blood vessels generate on the basis of an original vascular plexus via sprouting or other forms during normal growth and development of an organism or under particular conditions such as wound repairing and ischemic hypoxia. In general, angiogenesis includes five stages: degradation of the vascular basement membrane, endothelial cell proliferation, vascular sprouting, lumen formation and vascular network turning stable and mature. Among ischemic heart diseases, acute myocardial infarction seriously threatens human health, its pathological characteristics include myocardial vascular stenosis and blockage,leading to myocardial infarction. Therefore,the promotion of angiogenesis has become one of the therapies for ischemic heart diseases. A variety of pro-angiogenic cytokines are involved in the process of angiogenesis, such as polypeptide growth factors and lipid mediators. In this paper we review the recent progress in research on the expression of pro-angiogenic factors in myocardium after ischemic myocardial infarction.

Objective: To investigate the association between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and periodontitis and to provide new epidemiologic evidence on the factors affecting periodontitis. Methods: Data on MHR, periodontitis, and other covariates were selected from the NHANES(National Health and Nutrition Examination) database for 3 cycles of subjects in 2009-2010, 2011-2012, and 2013-2014, and a total of 8 456 study subjects were included. The study participants were grouped according to the prevalence of periodontitis (presence or absence), and three regression models (unadjusted covariates, partially adjusted covariates, and fully adjusted covariates) were constructed to analyze the relationship between MHR and periodontitis by using a weighted logistic regression method with stepwise adjustment for confounders. MHR was divided into four groups from Q1 to Q4 according to quartiles from small to large for weighted trend analysis, and the nonlinear relationship between MHR (continuous) and periodontitis was analyzed using a restricted cubic spline with subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Results: All three logistic regression models showed a positive association between MHR and periodontitis (OR = 2.92, 95%CI: 2.14-3.99, P<0.001 (not adjusted); OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.39-2.78, P<0.001 (partially adjusted); OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.10-2.39, P = 0.017 (fully adjusted)). Trend analysis showed a significantly higher risk of developing periodontitis in the Q4 group compared with the Q1 group in both single (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.58-2.33, P<0.001) and multifactorial analyses (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03-1.64, P = 0.029). Restricted cubic spline results did not support a nonlinear relationship between MHR and periodontitis (P for nonlinear>0.05), subgroup analysis showed no significant interaction between the covariates and MHR (P>0.05), and sensitivity analysis also showed a positive correlation between MHR and periodontitis (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.31-2.14, P<0.001). Conclusion MHR is positively associated with the risk of developing periodontitis.

The oral microbial community is widely regarded as a latent reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. This study assessed the molecular epidemiology, susceptibility profile, and resistance mechanisms of 35 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) strains isolated from the dental plaque of a healthy human population. Broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) revealed that all the isolates were nonsusceptible to oxacillin and penicillin G. Most of them were also resistant to trimethoprim (65.7%) and erythromycin (54.3%). The resistance to multiple antibiotics was found to be largely due to the acquisition of plasmid-borne genes. The mecA and dfrA genes were found in all the isolates, mostly dfrG (80%), aacA-aphD (20%), aadD (28.6%), aphA3 (22.9%), msrA (5.7%), and the ermC gene (14.3%). Classical mutational mechanisms found in these isolates were mainly efflux pumps such as qacA (31.4%), qacC (25.7%), tetK (17.1%), and norA (8.6%). Multilocus sequence type analysis revealed that sequence type 59 (ST59) strains comprised 71.43% of the typed isolates, and the eBURST algorithm clustered STs into the clonal complex 2-II(CC2-II). The staphyloccoccal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type results showed that 25 (71.43%) were assigned to type IV. Moreover, 88.66% of the isolates were found to harbor six or more biofilm-associated genes. The aap, atlE, embp, sdrF, and IS256 genes were detected in all 35 isolates. This research demonstrates that biofilm-positive multiple-antibiotic-resistant ST59-SCCmec IV S. epidermidis strains exist in the dental plaque of healthy people and may be a potential risk for the transmission of antibiotic resistance.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dental Plaque ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Methicillin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; isolation & purification ; Staphylococcal Infections ; diagnosis ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; isolation & purification

【Objective】 To assess the prevalence and treatment of high cardiovascular disease （CVD） risk， and identify individual characteristics related to high CVD risk. 【Methods】 Based on the data of the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events （PEACE） Million Persons Project （MPP） from 2016 to 2019， this study enrolled local residents aged 35 to 75 years from 39 counties or districts in Northwest China. Rates of high CVD risk and individual characteristics were assessed in the overall study population. Statin and aspirin use was also evaluated among those at high risk for CVD. Multivariable mixed models were fitted to evaluate the relationship between individual characteristics and high CVD risk. 【Results】 Among 364 537 participants， the average age was （54.6±9.7）years， and 5.8% was at a high risk for CVD. Multivariate mixed models showed that individuals who were currently using alcohol， overweight or obese tended to have a high risk for CVD， while married persons， those with a higher education level or a higher household income were correlated with a lower risk for CVD （all P<0.05）. Among high-risk persons， hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor （98.1%）， and only 1.3% and 3.5% reported their use of statins and aspirin， respectively. 【Conclusion】 Of the 364 537 participants， about 1 in 17 had a high risk for CVD. Among those at a high CVD risk， only less than 4% reported taking statins or aspirin. These findings indicate that there is still much room for risk mitigation in this population in China.