Objective To investigate the predictive value of the modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ( mNIHSS),measured within 9 days after stroke,for the outcome in terms of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months after stroke.Methods AII 161 patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke were recruited consecutively from July 2010 until November 2010.The mNIHSS score was assessed within 3 days,4 to 6 days and 7 to 9 days after stroke,and the mRS score at 6 months after stroke was assessed by a neurology resident.Spearman rank correlation and ROC curve were used for statistic analysis.Results One hundred and sixty-one patients were assessed within 3 days,at 4 to 6 days and 7 to 9 days after stroke.Significant Spearman rank correlation coefficients were found between mRS at 6 months and mNIHSS scores within 3 days (rs =0.592,P＜0.01 ),4 to 6 days (rs =0.597,P＜0.01 ) and 7 to 9days (rs =0.595,P＜0.01).At 6 months after stroke,the AUC ranged from 0.789 (95％ CI 0.708-0.856) for measurements within 3 days to 0.792 (95％ CI 0.712-0.857 ) and 0.799 ( 95％ CI 0.721-0.864) for 4 to 6 days and 7 to 9 days,respectively. There was no significant difference for the AUCbetween them.The optimal cut-off values for the prediction of prognosis at 6 months were 8,7 and 6 points of mNIHSS score within 3 days,4 to 6 days and 7 to 9 days,respectively.The negative predictive value gradually increased from 0.847 for assessment within 3 days to 0.867 ( 95％ CI 0.578-0.765 ) for 7 to 9 days,whereas positive predictive value declined from 0.601 for assessment within 3 days to 0.533 for 7 to 9 days.The overall accuracy of predtictions decreased from 0.753 for assessment within 3 days to 0.709 for 7 to 9 days.Conclusions When measured within 9 days,the mNIHSS has a good predictive value for final outcome in terms of mRS at 6 months after stroke.However,the optimal cut-off values for the prediction of prognosis at 6 months are different when early mNIHSS scores were assessed at different periods.

Objective To investigate the effect of the side of cerebral lesion on the outcome in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 407 consecutive anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients within 14 days after symptom onset were recruited prospectively.The basic data ofthe e,~ISes were collected,such as the National Institutes ofHealth Stroke Scale (NU-ISS)and the side ofcerebral lesion.The modified Rankin Scale(mRS)was used to evaluate the prognosis of the patients at 6 raomhs.Results Of the 407 patients recruited,230 patients (56.5%)Were left hemisphere stroke,177(43.5%)were fight hemisphere stroke.After multivariable logistic recession analysis,the age(odds ratio[OR]1.022,95% confidence interval[CI]1.001-1.043,P=0.040),the side of lesion(OR 1.999.95%CI1.179.3.389.P=0.010),the time from onset to admission(OR1.006,95%(7/1.002-1.010,P=0.007),the outcome of the anterior circulation ischcmic stroke at 6 months aftel"onset.The outcome of the right hemisphere stroke Was significantly worse than that of the left hemisphere stroke.The onset-admission time in patients with right hemisphere stroke(median 12 h,median 39.61 h)was significantly delayed compared to the patients with left hemisphere stroke(median 12 h,median 22.72 h;Z=-2.962,P=0.003).Condusions The outcome of the left hemisphere stroke at 6 months after onset is superior to the right hemisphere stroke,and it mau be associated with the delayed admission.

Objective To study a possible correlation between the duration of reproductive period ( from puberty to menopause) and the prognosis of ischemic stroke. Methods Female in-patients with acute ischemic stroke confirmed by CT/MRI in the Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 09/03/2006 to 08/30/2008 were enrolled in this study. The probable risk factors of prognosis were analyzed and recovery was assessed by modified Rankin score (MRS) at 6 months followup. Multivariate Logistic regression was used for statistic analysis. Results 371 female patients were enrolled. The average age was (66. 2 ± 10. 0) years; average menopause age was (48. 5 ± 3.9 ) years and average duration of reproductive period was (33.3 ± 4. 3) years. There is a negative correlation between the duration and MRS (OR =0. 285, 95% CI: 0. 095-0. 850, P =0.024). There is no correlation between menopause age and prognosis of stroke. Conclusions Duration of reproductive period is a predictor for prognosis of ischemic stroke. Patients with longer reproductive period have better prognosis.

Objective To investigate the application of statins in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) in different risk groups,and to identify the factors influencing the compliance of statins. Methods Data were prospectively collected on consecutively encountered ischemic stroke or TIA patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2009 to January 2010.All clinical characteristics and possible factors influencing the compliance of statins were collected; the application of statins was investigated at 3-month follow-up.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used for the analysis of influence factors of the compliance of statins.Results All 369 patients were collected,52.8％ of cases were prescribed statins for therapy during hospitalization.The application rate of statins in accordance with guidelines in high-risk group,extremely high-risk Ⅱ group and extremely high-risk Ⅰ group was 25.0％ (16/64),44.1％ (30/68) and 71.4％ (135/189),respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the statins application during hospitalization was associated with diabetes history ( P =0.032,OR =1.789,95％ CI 1.052-3.043 ) and the presence of carotid vulnerable plaques(P =0.000,OR =5.308,95％ CI 3.340-8.434).The general application rate of statins was 22.3％ (81/363),which was significantly lower than that during hospitalization. The application rate of statins in accordance with guidelines in high-risk group,extremely high-risk Ⅱ group and extremely high-risk Ⅰ group was 9.7％ ( 6/62 ),25.8％ (17/66) and 29.4％ (55/187) respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that good compliance of statins was associated with discharge instructions on statins application ( P =0.000,OR =34.852,95％ CI 14.673-175.452 ). Conclusions The compliance of statins in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and TIA is poor,and there is still a large gap between clinical practice and guidelines; Discharge instructions on statins application increase the compliance of statins.

Objective To assess the influence of active movement of the affected upper limb on the prognosis for patients after acute cerebral infarction.Methods From 2007 to 2008, 171 consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction were registered prospectively in this study. Active movement of the hemiplegic upper limb was assessed on the 14th day after stroke onset. Ability in the activities of daily living was assessed using the Barthel index one year later.Results Finger flexion and extension on the 14th day after stroke onset correlated positively with Barthel index scores 1 year later. NIHSS scores at admission, the time interval from onset to admission and stroke history were significant predictors of the prognosis 1 year later.Conclusion Assessing the active movement of the hemiplegic upper limb on the 14th day after stroke has good predictive power for the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction patients.

Objective:To explore the effects of smoking on lung function and physical fitness of college students.Method:168 college students on September 30, 2020 were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling. According to whether they had been smoking for more than 3 years in the past or (and) now, they were divided into smoking group (66 cases, 39.3%) and non-smoking group (102 cases, 60.7%). The general demographic data, body composition, health fitness and lung function of all the included subjects were collected, and the health status of the two groups were compared, the relationship between lung function and healthy physical fitness in the smoking group was analyzed, and the influencing factors of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1) and expiratory vital capacity (EVC) were also analyzed. Results:The peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) of male college students in smoking group was lower than that of non-smoking group [(9.37±1.72) vs (10.04±1.69) L/s] ( F=5.051, P=0.026). The standing time with eyes closed and one foot of smoking group was longer than that of non-smoking group [(87.2±49.1) vs (63.6±39.7) s] ( F=9.327, P=0.003). The number of sit ups per minute of female college students in smoking group was less than that in non-smoking group [(39.5±7.5) vs (49.2±12.5) times/min] ( F=5.189, P=0.029). The peak inspiratory flow rate (PIF), FVC, FEV 1, EVC and PEF in the smoking group were positively correlated with grip strength, back muscle strength, number of sit ups, push ups, standing high jump and standing long jump ( P<0.001); through the analysis of relevant data, the estimation formula of lung function and health fitness items was obtained. Conclusion:Smoking is harmful to college students′ lung function and physical fitness.

Objective:To explore the experience of teachers from Guangdong and Macao in nursing teaching cooperation, the existing problems in current teaching cooperation and suggestions for improvement.Methods:From January to April 2021, using descriptive qualitative method to conduct in-depth among eight clinical tutors from The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University who teach Macao nursing students, and four teachers from Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macao using the purposive sampling method. And adopted content analysis for data analysis.Results:A total of 4 themes and 2 sub-themes were analyzed: the positive impact of cross-border teaching cooperation projects including developed the nursing business of the two places and deepened the cooperative relationship between the two places; limiting the depth and breadth of knowledge transfer because of the short cross-border learning time; the imbalance between students′ abilities and teachers′ expectations; expectations for homogeneous internships for heterogeneous groups.Conclusions:Cross-border nursing teaching cooperation is an important promoter for the development of nursing education between Guangdong and Macao, but there are still deficiencies in cooperation, and it is necessary for the two places to strengthen the construction of a sharing platform for teaching resources to promote the development of nursing education in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

Pulmonary fibrosis(PF)is an irreversible lung disease that is characterized by excessive scar tissue with a poor median survival rate of 2-3 years.The inhibition of transforming growth factor-β receptor type-Ⅰ(TGF-β RI)by an appropriate drug may provide a promising strategy for the treatment of this disease.Polygonum cuspidatum(PC)is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine which has an anti-PF effect.Accordingly,a combination of high resolution mass spectrometry with an in silico strategy was developed as a new method to search for potential chemical ingredients of PC that target the TGF-β RI.Based on this strategy,a total of 24 ingredients were identified.Then,absorption,distribution,meta-bolism,and excretion(ADME)-related properties were subsequently predicted to exclude compounds with potentially undesirable pharmacokinetics behaviour.Molecular docking studies on TGF-β RI were adopted to discover new PF inhibitors.Eventually,a compound that exists in PC known as resveratrol was proven to have excellent biological activity on TGF-β RI,with an ICso of 2.211 μM in vitro.Furthermore,the complex formed through molecular docking was tested via molecular dynamics simulations,which revealed that resveratrol had strong interactions with residues of TGF-β RI.This study revealed that resveratrol has significant potential as a treatment for PF due to its ability to target TGF-β RI.In addition,this research demonstrated the exploration of natural products with excellent biological activities toward specific targets via high resolution mass spectrometry in combination with in silico technology is a promising strategy for the discovery of novel drugs.

The febrile respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the focus of global attention. Up to now, the infection has been continuing to spread all over the world and it is urgent to develop specific drugs for SARS-CoV-2. Finding effective and safe drugs which are already available in the market for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the main strategies to solve the problem in time. As quinoline alkaloids against malaria, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been proved to have the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Quinoline alkaloids are expected to be important drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. In this article, the research and application of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are reviewed from the aspects of pharmacokinetics, drug interaction, clinical research progress, treatment plan optimization and resolution of optical enantiomers. The possible problems are summarized in order to provide reference for further research and clinical application of quinoline alkaloids in the treatment of COVID-19.

, a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, was considered as central nervous system (CNS) drug for years. Both ethanol extracts (EES) and water extracts (WES) of it were applied clinically. Unfortunately, the difference of their efficacy and even effective material foundation of remains obscure. In this study, to explore the active constituents of , we compared pharmacodynamics and chemical profiles / of EES/WES for the first time using multiple chemical analysis, pharmacological and data processing approaches. It was proved that there was no significant difference in the anti-depressive effects between WES and EES. However, the contents of most components and in plasma were higher in EES than those in WES, which was unconvincing for their similar efficacy. Therefore, we further explored components of targeted onto brain and the results showed that 5 lignans were identified with definite absorptivity respectively both in EES and WES caused by the limitation of blood-brain barrier. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis predicted their anti-depressive action. Above all, the systematic strategy screened 5 brain-targeted effective substances of and it was suggested that exploring the components into nidi would promote the studies on herbs effective material basis.