Objective To study the mechanism of cytotoxic T lympocytes in the acute rejection of xenogenic liver transplantation(XLT). Methods Hamster to rat orthotopic liver transplantation model was performed with three cuff method. In XLT,lymphocytes including CD8 and CD4 subsets were observed by histology and immunohistochemistry; the expression of perforin and Fas- L was observed by immunohistochemistry; and apoptotic cells of XLT were observed in situ end-labelling of fragmented DNA. Results In the XLT, T cell infiltration firstly ocurred on the 2nd day posttansplantation and located at the portal triads; the infiltrating lymphocytes proliferated increased with time and reached the peak on the 5th to 6th days.Perforin and Fas-ligand were expressed on the 4th day after XLT, and peaked on the 5th to 6th day,and the expression of perforing was still higher than the expression of Fas-ligand. Conclusions T lymphocyte participates in the acute rejection of XLT through the expression of perforin and Fas-ligand, which leads to apoptosis or necrosis of hepatocytes.

Objective To discuss the influence of individual cognitive on medical personnel blood-borne occupational exposure protection action from the angle of behavior operation.Methods Medical staff of 14 hospitals in zunyi were investigated by questionnaire designed based on the theory of health belief model,and analyzed the data by structural equation model.Results Sample data and the assumption model was ideal,the blood-borne occupational exposure protective behavior of medical staff could be explained variance of 87％ by susceptibility,severity,behavioral benefit and barrier cognition.The order of influencing factors from high to low were behavioral benefit,severity,behavioral barrier and susceptibility to cognition,and path coefficients were 0.39,0.27,-0.21,0.03.Conclusions Susceptibility,severity and behavioral benefit cognition have positive effection on protective behavior,the behavioral benefit cognition have more influence on blood-borne occupational exposure protective behavior of medical staff,and behavioral barrier cognition have negative effection,the results of health belief model can explain blood-borne occupational exposure protective behavior of medical staff better.

Objective To investigate the incidence of aspirin resistance (AR) in patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes mellitus (DM) and the correlation between AR and advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) as well as the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Methods A total of 69 patients with Type Ⅱ DM and another 23 patients without DM as control group were enrolled between October 2009 and July 2010. Blood lipid, blood routine, fasting blood glucose, Glycated hemoglobin (GHb/Hb A1c) ,fasting insulin were determined at first. After aspirin treatment for at least 7 days, platelet aggregation stimulated by arachidonic acid(AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were measured. In addition, the level of serum AGEs was measured by using ELISA assay. The degree of insulin resistance was obtained by using HOMA-IR. Results The incidence of AR in patients with Type Ⅱ DM was higher than that in the controls(30.4% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.037 ); the levels of serum AGEs and HOMA-IR in patients with Type Ⅱ DM were higher than those in the controls [ (359.56 ± 120. 14) pg/mL vs. (275.45 ± 118.06)pg/mL, P=0. 004; (4.42 ±4.78) vs. ( 1.5 ±0.78), P＜0.01, respectively]; platelet aggregation stimulated by AA in the diabetic group was correlated with serum AGEs and HOMA-IR( R =0.463, P ＜0.01; R=0.290, P =0.016, respectively); and platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP was only positively correlated with HOMA-IR(R =0.242, P = 0.045). Conclusions The incidence of AR in patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes mellitus is higher than that in the controls, and diabetics with higher serum AGEs and HOMA-IR are more likely to develop aspirin resistant.

Objective To explore the effect of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on nervous function in rats with focal cerebral ischemia.Methods The MSCs were cultivated,purified,and proliferated in vitro by density gradient and adherence to plastic dishes method.The models of Wistar rats were prepared after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) of right lasted 90 min and reperfusion 1 h.Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group(A,n=10),sham operation group(B,n=10),no-handle group after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (C,n=10),free-serm DMEM transplantation group after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(D,n=10),MSCs transplantation group after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(E,n=10).After identified by flow cytometry,5 ?L 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine(BrdU) labeled MSCs(4?105? ?L-1) and 5 ?L serum-free DMEM were respectively injected intracerebraly into ischemic boundary zone of right in D and E groups.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression and survival of BrdU-labeled MSCs in vivo.Nervous function behavioral tests were performed on 1st,3th,7th and 28th day after transplantation by forelimb use asymmetry test and postural reflex test.Results MSCs were successfully purified and proliferated in vitro.The MSCs expressed CD29,CD44,but didn't expressed CD34,CD45,CD31 identified by flow cytometry.transplanted MSCs survived and were localized to the ischemic boundary zone.Behavioral tests of every group were improved with time prolonged.However,MSCs transplantation group was significantly better than any other groups(P

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Jiangru Formula(Herbal formula for soothing the liver,clearing heat,activating blood and removing stasis)combined with TCM surgical treatment for plasmocyte mastitis.Methods Fifty five patients with plasmocyte mastitis were treated with Jiangru Formula orally and TCM surgical treatment to see the effect of this method.Results The total effective rate was 100%.The average treatment period was(28?13.61)days.The recurrence rate was 1.82%.Conclusion The combination of Jiangru Formula with TCM surgical treatment for plasmocyte mastitis is effective in shortening the treatment period,reducing the recurrence rate and keeping the shape of the breast.

Objective To analyze the influence factors of medical staff blood-bome occupational exposure by structural equation modeling,in order to improve medical staff of blood-borne occupational exposure protection performance of the system to provide the theory basis for operation.Methods The influence factors of medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure and their correlation were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling fitting.Results Model fitting was ideal,hospital decision-makers and department management directly affected the behavior intention of medical staff,department management greatly influenced by the behavioral intention to the medical personnel,path coefficient was 0.27.Hospital decision-makers of behavioral intention to the medical personnel directly affect smaller,path coefficient was 0.03,but its indirect impact on behavioral intention by department management.Behavioral intention of occupational exposure protection action,the path coefficient was 0.80,behavioral intention determined the basic medical personnel blood-borne occupational exposure protection behavior.Conclusions Hospital should improve the system of standards and to establish effective communication channels,at the same time enhance the care ability.Enforcement departments should improve the standard system,equipped with adequate safety equipment,for the medical staff to provide the best working environment,so as to improve the medical staff of blood-borne occupational exposure protection behavior compliance.

Objective To study the occurrence of apoptosis in acute rejection of hamster-to-rat liver transplantation and the molecular mechanism. Methods On the basis of establishment of hamster-to-rat orthotopic liver transplantation, the apoptosis in xenograft were observed by histology and in situ end-lebelling of fragmented DNA;the expression of Fas-L and TGF-?1 were observed by Immunohistochemistry. Rseults In acute rejection of liver xenograft, the apoptosis of hepatocyte was detectable, meanwhile, the expression of Fas-L and TGF-?1 were found. The more severe apoptosis, the more severe acute rejection , and the more expression of Fas-L and TGF-?1 . Conclusions Apoptosis as a mechanism of cell death exists in the acute rejection of liver xenograft, and it is closely related to the expression of TGF-?1 and Fas-L.

Background and purpose:Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation is the most important predictive factor for determining the effectiveness of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to determine the clinical application value of mutation-speciifc immu-nohistochemistry forEGFR mutation detection in NSCLC.Methods:Mutation-specific immunohistochemistry and ampliifcation refractory mutation system (ARMS) were used simultaneously to detectEGFR gene mutation status in 290 lung cancer specimens. The sensitivity, speciifcity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of mutation-speciifc immunohistochemistry for detectingEGFR gene mutations were evaluated. The consistency was analyzed between mutation-speciifc immunohistochemistry results and ARMS results.Results:With ARMS testing as the gold standard, when a cutoff value of score 1+ was used as positive by immunohistochemistry, the sensitivity of mutation-speciifc immunohistochemistry forEGFR gene mutation was 72.92%, speciifcity 95.20%, positive predictive value 93.75% and negative predictive value 78.08%. The accuracy of immunohistochemistry was obviously different when variousEGFR gene mutations were detected. The sensitivity of immunohistochemistry for exon 19 deletion was only 55.55%, but speciifcity was above 99%. When immunohistochemistry score was 1+, the sensitivity for L858R mu-tation was 90.27%, whereas speciifcity was 95.86%. When immunohistochemistry score was 2+ or 3+, the speciifcity for L858R mutation was 98.63%-100%. The results of mutation-speciifc immunohistochemistry were ifnely correlated with mutation status determined by ARMS assay (P<0.001, Kappa value: 0.612-0.864). Mutation-speciifc immunohis-tochemistry can directly determineEGFR gene mutation abundance at the cellular level.Conclusion:Mutation-speciifc immunohistochemistry could be an effective supplemental method toEGFR molecular tests.

Objective To know about current statusof ICU nurses about knowledge and practice on venous thromboembolism(VTE) in Guizhou province.Methods A total of 321 ICU nurses were interviewed by self-designed questionnaires to analyses the related factors of the score of the related knowledge and practice on VTE.Results The score of the VTE related knowledge was (17.070±4.340)point and the score of the practice was (62.410±14.640)point respectively.The score of the practice on VTE was positively related to that of ICU nurses knowledge (P＜0.05).The result of multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that "departments" and "had the VTE related knowledge in school" were the significant factors on knowledge (P＜0.05)."Active learning the VTE related knowledge" " the levels of hospitals" and "had the VTE related knowledge in school" were the significant factors on the scores of the practice on VTE (P＜0.05).Conclusion The ICU nurses had better knowledge about VTE,and the current status of practice on VTE was ideal in Guizhou province,but further research is needed to make unified and normative processes of VTE preventive interventions.

Objective: To explore the effects of the intervention based on the theoretical framework of Health Belief Model on improving sharp injury protection behavior compliance of medical staffs, in order to provide some references for energetically developing blood-borne occupational exposure protection intervention in the region. Methods: According to the inclusion criteria, 178 medical staffs were selected, implemented intervention of the theory of health belief model. Methods included diversity training, experiencing operation, filed observation and supervision and so on, strengthened intervention after 1 month, evaluated the intervention effect after 3 months, used questionnaires and field observation to evaluate the effect before and after the intervention. Results: the scores of security behavior compliance were higher before intervention and there was significant difference (P<0.05) . Observed that, after the intervention the incidence of unsafe behavior in medical personnel dropped from 29.1% to 13.2%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion The intervenion of the theory of health belief model can strengthen sharp injury protection belief of medical personnels, improve behavior compliance, reduces the occurrence of sharp injury.