Biliary tract cancers(BTCs),encompassing gallbladder cancer and intra-and extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma,primarily manifest as highly invasive adenocarcinomas with a notably poor prognosis.BTCs typically initiate insidiously,and even surgically resectable patients confront a heightened risk of recurrence,with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy offering limited survival benefits.For unresectable or metastatic BTCs,systemic antitumor drug therapy remains the primary treatment.Recently,significant progress has been made in the treat-ment of advanced BTCs with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)and molecularly targeted drugs alongside traditional chemotherapy.This progress has substantially broadened clinical treatment options and improved patient prognoses.Combining first-line chemotherapy with immunotherapy has emerged as a favorable treatment strategy over conventional chemotherapy.Additionally,the com-bination of chemotherapy with immunotherapy,anti-angiogenic targeted therapy,dual immunotherapy,or dual immunotherapy has exhib-ited promising outcomes.Explorations into second-line immunotherapy have also been actively explored.This article provides an overview of the current status and recent advances in immunotherapy for advanced BTCs.