Objective To study the removal effect of Moringa seedprotein on turbidity water. Methods The protein of Moringaoleifera seed was extracted by salting out and salting out methodand the protein concentration of Moringa oleifera seed wasdetermined by Coomassie blue staining;The removal effect of Moringa seed protein on turbidity water was determined by coagulation test.The contents of COD, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the water were determined to determine the effect of Moringa seed protein on water quality. Results The experimental results showed that Moringa oleifera seed protein has good removal effect on high and medium turbidity water, and its removal effect is in a dose - dependent manner.The removal rate of 7 mg/L of Moringa seed protein to high and medium turbidity water reached 92.25 ％ and 64.71 ％ respectively. But the removal efficiency of low turbidity water was less than 7 mg/L, the removal rate of low turbidity water was only 31.91％.The results of determination of COD, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen showed that the Moringa seed protein did not increase the content of organic matter in the water while removing turbidity effectively. Conclusion Moringa oleifera seed protein has a certain removal effect on turbidity water, among which the removal effect of high and medium turbidity water is strong, and the removal effect of low turbidity water is poor.Moringa oleifera seed protein had little effect on water quality.

Objective To investigate the incidence of metabolic syndrome among obese children in clinics. Methods One hundred and thirteen obese children aged 7 to 14 years were selected from clinics of nutrition(case group),and another 366 healthy students aged 7 to 14 years were served as controls.Height,body weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,blood pressure and liver ultrasound were measured,related biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,serum total cholesterol,triglyceride(TG),hiSh density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein were detected,and the incidences of metabolic syndrome were obtained in two groups.Insulin resistance(IR)was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA). Results There was no significant difference in age and gender between case group and control group(P>0.05).Body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,hip circumference,waist to hip ratio,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA index and TG in case group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The 75th percentile of HOMA index in control group was 3.28,and IR subgroup and non-IR subgroup were divided according to this cutpoint.In case group,body weight,BMI,waist circumference and TG in non-IR subgroup were significantly higher than those in IR subgroup (P< 0.05).Metabolic syndrome occurred in 51 cases(45.1%) in case group.The incidence of metabolic syndrome was higher in IR subgroup than that in non-IR group(50.0% vs 21.1%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher in overweight and obese children.IR has a close relationship with metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To understand the combination use and rationality of Chinese patent drugs containing Salvia Miltiorrhiza or its active ingredients and western medicines to provide reference for regulating prescriptions and improving rational drug use level. Methods: The prescriptions of outpatients in our hospital during January 2016 and December 2016 were collected by a retrospective study method, and the ones with the combination use of Chinese patent drugs containing Salvia Miltiorrhiza or its active ingredients and western medicines were analyzed. The rationality of the combination use was analyzed in aspects of physicochemical properties, phar-macological effects, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Results: Totally 257 730 prescriptions were examined selectively, and among them, 8 894 were with the combination use of western medicines and Chinese patent medicines containing Salvia Miltiorrhiza or its active ingredients including 1 213 irrational prescriptions (13. 64% ). The irrational prescriptions showed such problems as antago-nism in pharmacologic action causing decreased efficacy (510, 42. 04% ), overlaying in pharmacological effects causing increased effi-cacy (492, 40. 56% ), precipitation because of physical and chemical reactions and chemical taboos (299, 24. 65% ) and reduced bioavailability and affected efficacy due to complex reactions (174, 14. 34% ). Conclusion: The combination use of western medicines and Chinese patent medicines containing Salvia Miltiorrhiza or its active ingredients should be careful to avoid irrational problems. When they are auditing prescriptions and monitoring medication, clinical pharmacists should strengthen intervention of the combination use of Chinese patent medicines and western medicines reasonably combining with physical and chemical properties of medicines, phar-macological effects, pharmacodynamics and other characteristics.

Objective Toevaluatehysterosalpingography(HSG)and MRImanifestationsofintrauterineadhesion(IUA).Methods 40patientswithIUAconfirmedbyhysteroscopyunderwentHSGand MRIexamination.Wefoundoutthefeaturesofthoseimages, andworkedoutthedetectablerateofeachexamination.Results Inall40patients,19patientsweremildIUAprovedbyhysteroscopy,in which10patientswerediscoveredbyHSG,10patientsby MRIT2WI,16patientsby MRICUBE.16patientsweremiddleIUA,in which9patientswerediscoveredbyHSG,10patientsbyMRIT2WI,16patientsbyMRICUBE.5patientsweresevereIUA,allpatients werediscoveredbyHSG,MRIT2WIand MRICUBE.Andinallcases,therewere12casesofmembraneadhesions,inwhich5cases wereshowninHSG,8casesinMRIT2WIand10casesinMRICUBE.23caseswerefibrousadhesions,inwhich12caseswereshown in HSG,17casesinMRIT2WIand22casesinMRICUBE.5patientsweremuscularadhesions,allpatientswerediscoveredbyHSG, MRIT2WIandMRICUBE.Conclusion ComparingtoHSG,MRIexaminationshowshigherdetectablerateofIUA.MRICUBEsequences playsanimportantpartinthediagnosisofIUA.

Objective:To investigate the effect of circ_0084927 as a molecular sponge adsorbing miR-623 to target and regulate EZH2 gene on immune escape in breast cancer (BC) cells.Methods:Bioinformatics websites were used to predict the circ_0084927/miR-623/EZH2 regulatory axis, which was then validated with the aid of dual luciferase reporter assay. BC cells were co-cultured with CD8+ T cells and theflow cytometry assays were performed to detect apoptotic rate and the proportion of T cells in the co-transfected microenvironment.Results:The expression level of EZH2 and circ_0084927 were significantly upregulated in BC patient tissue samples compared to paracancerous tissue, while miR-623 expression was dramatically diminished ( P<0.05) . circ_0084927 can be used as an effective diagnostic index of BC (AUC= 0.813 8, P<0.000 1) . Compared with apoptosis rate of CD8+ T cells (34.17±3.06) and percentage of T cells (26.55±2.83) , circ_0084927 inhibition caused a decrease in the apoptosis rate of CD8+ T cells (22.37±2.05) and an increase in the proportion of CD8+ T cells (31.88±3.03) in the co-transfected environment, but this effect was partiallycounteractedby overexpression of EZH2. miR-623 inhibited CD8+ T cell apoptosis. Circ_0084927 attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-623 on immune escape (both P<0.05) . Conclusion:circ_0084927 regulates the miR-623/EZH2 axis to promote immune escape of BC cells, suggesting targeting circ_0084927 may be a potential way to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for BC.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of ultra photon intense pulsed light combined with hydroquinone cream for the treatment of chloasma.Methods:From January 2020 to October 2022, a total of 30 patients with chloasma treated in the Department of Dermatology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, ranged from 28 to 54 years old with an average age of 39 years, were randomly divided into three groups with 10 patients in each group: combined treatment group was treated with ultra photon intense pulsed light combined with hydroquinone cream; ultra photon intense pulsed light group was treated with ultra photon intense pulsed light alone; hydroquinone group was treated with hydroquinone cream alone. The efficacy and safety of the three groups were compared after four months of treatment.Results:After the treatment, 10 cases were effective in the combined treatment group, 5 cases were effective in the ultra photon intense pulsed light group and 2 cases were effective in the hydroquinone group. The total effective rate of the combined treatment group was significantly better than that of the ultra photon intense pulsed light group and the hydroquinone group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The average melasma area severity index score of the three groups after treatment was significantly decreased compared with that before treatment respectively ( P<0.05), and the average melasma area severity index score of the combined treatment group after treatment was significantly lower than that of hydroquinone group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). No serious adverse reactions were observed in all the patients. Conclusions:Ultra photon intense pulsed light and hydroquinone cream can improve chloasma alone, but ultra photon intense pulsed light combined with hydroquinone cream has better therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on white adipose tissue angiogenesis in high fat diet rats.Methods Twenty-four male weaning SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,high fat diet group and EGCG intervention group,8 rats in each group.Normal control group were fed with normal diet,high-fat diet group were fed with high-fat diet,EGCG intervention group were fed with high-fat diet along with intragastric administration of 200 mg/ (kg · d) EGCG.After 8 weeks,the rats were sacrificed.The adipocyte size and vascular density of the abdominal adipose tissue in rats in each group were observed under the microscope.The serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration was detected by Elisa Kit.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of VEGF,nuclear factor E2 (Nrf2),heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),catalase (CAT),SOD,GPx,interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA.Results The adipocyte size,number of vascular/each adipocyte,serum VEGF concentration and VEGF mRNA expression in adipose tissue of high fat diet group were significantly higher than those of normal control group (all P＜0.05).EGCG can significantly reduce the above indicators of high fat diet group (all P＜0.05).The expression of Nrf2,HO-1,SOD,GPx and CAT mRNA in adipose tissue of EGCG group was significantly higher than those in high fat diet group and normal control group (all P＜0.05).The expression of MCP-1 and IL-6 mRNA in adipose tissue of EGCG group was significantly lower than that in high fat diet group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion EGCG can decrease the production of serum VEGF,vascular density and the expression of VEGF mRNA in white adipose tissue of high fat diet rats,and inhibit the angiogenesis in white adipose tissue possibly due to its up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to increase the expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD,CAT,GPx),reduce ROS production and decrease the inflammatory response.

Objective:To investigate the pathological changes of JNET classification of colorectal tumors.Methods:Data of patients with colorectal neoplasms who underwent narrow-band imaging combined with magnifying endoscopy, and whose postoperative pathological specimens were obtained at the endoscopy center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2015 to June 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The endoscopic JNET diagnosis and pathological features (surface pit epithelial exfoliation, surface mucosal necrosis structure, surface mucosal ethmoid reticular structure, fibrous tissue reactive hyperplasia, mucosa muscle without residual and carcinomatous interstitial reaction) were analyzed.Results:A total of 81 patients with colorectal neoplasms (diameter >1.5 cm) were enrolled with 74 cases receiving endoscopic treatment and seven cases receiving surgical treatment. The frequency of surface mucosal sieve reticular structure in type 3 of JNET (20.00%) was lower than that in type 2B (42.86%), which was in turn higher than that in type 2A (2.78%), with significant differences ( P<0.05). The frequencies of fibrous tissue reactive proliferation, no residual mucosal muscles, and carcinomatous interstitial reaction in type 2A and 2B were lower than that of type 3, with significant differences (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in the consistency group and inconsistency group of JNET classification and pathological diagnosis in surface pit epithelial exfoliation and surface mucosal necrosis (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Type 2B of JNET classification indicates that the pathological features may be the surface mucosal reticular structure; type 3 indicates reactive hyperplasia of fibrous tissue, no residual mucosal muscles and cancerous interstitial reaction. The exfoliation of the surface pit epithelium and the necrosis of the surface mucosa may be the pathological interference factors affecting the accuracy of JNET classification diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the reasons for conversion and elucidate the safety and efficacy of transition to tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/bictegravir sodium (TAF/FTC/BIC) in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-experienced HIV-infected patients in real-world settings. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. The treatment conversion rationales, safety, and effectiveness in 1684 HIV-infected patients with previous HAART experience who switched to TAF/FTC/BIC were evaluated at Beijing Ditan Hospital from September 2021 to Auguest 2022. RESULTS: Regimen simplification (990/1684, 58.79%) was the most common reason for switching, followed by osteoporosis or osteopenia (375/1684, 22.27%), liver dysfunction (231/1684, 13.72%), decline in tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/elvitegravir/cobicistat (TAF/FTC/EVG/c) with food restriction (215/1684, 12.77%), virological failure (116/1684, 6.89%), and renal dysfunction (90/1684, 5.34%). In patients receiving non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)-containing regimens, lipid panel changes 1 year after switching indicated a difference of 3.27 ± 1.10 mmol/L vs . 3.40 ± 1.59 mmol/L in triglyceride ( P  = 0.014), 4.82 ± 0.74 mmol/L vs . 4.88 ± 0.72 mmol/L in total cholesterol ( P  = 0.038), 3.09 ± 0.70 mmol/L vs . 3.18 ± 0.66 mmol/L in low-density lipoprotein ( P  <0.001), and 0.99 ± 0.11 mmol/L vs . 0.95 ± 0.10 mmol/L in high-density lipoprotein ( P  <0.001). Conversely, among patients receiving booster-containing regimens, including TAF/FTC/EVG/c and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), lipid panel changes presented decreased trends. We also observed an improved trend in viral load suppression, and alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and serum creatinine levels after the transition ( P  <0.001). CONCLUSION The transition to TAF/FTC/BIC demonstrated good treatment potency. Furthermore, this study elucidates the motivations behind the adoption of TAF/FTC/BIC in real-world scenarios, providing clinical evidence supporting the stable conversion to TAF/FTC/BIC for HAART-experienced patients.
Humans ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects* ; Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Tenofovir/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Emtricitabine/pharmacology* ; Adenine/therapeutic use* ; Lipids

Objective·To evaluate the relationship between body mass index(BMI)and chronic metabolic diseases.Methods·The elderly(≥60 years old)who were underwent physical examination in the Physical Examination Center of Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from 2014 to 2021 were studied.Their results of biochemical indicators were collected.Their height,body weight,and blood pressure were measured by trained nurses.The history of chronic metabolic diseases was collected by self-reported questionnaire.Systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg,or self-reported hypertension history was defined as hypertension.Fasting blood glucose≥7.0 mmol/L or self-reported history of diabetes was defined as diabetes.Total cholesterol≥6.2 mmol/L,triglyceride≥2.3 mmol/L,or self-reported history of dyslipidemia was defined as dyslipidemia.The relationship between BMI and hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia was evaluated by using receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and binary logistic regression.Results·Data of 59 083 subjects were collected[30 807 men and 28 276 women,average age:(67.9±6.3)years old].The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia was 76.5%(45 219/59 083),24.1%(14 225/59 083)and 50.0%(29 544/59 083),respectively.Compared to the elderly people aged 60?74 years,those aged 75 years and above had a higher proportion of hypertension and diabetes,and a lower proportion of dyslipidemia and no metabolic abnormalities.With ROC analysis,the BMI cut-off values for hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia were 24.3,23.9,and 23.9 kg/m2.The BMI cut-off values for hypertension and diabetes in elderly men were similar to those in elderly women(for hypertension:24.3 kg/m2 in elderly men vs 24.2 kg/m2 in elderly women;for diabetes:24.0 kg/m2 in elderly men vs 23.7 kg/m2 in elderly women);however,BMI cut-off value for dyslipidemia was obviously higher in elderly men than that in elderly women(24.0 kg/m2 in elderly men vs 22.5 kg/m2 in elderly women).The BMI cut-off value for chronic metabolic diseases was higher in the elderly people aged 60?74 years than that in the elderly people aged 75 years and above(24.2?24.7 kg/m2 vs 22.9?23.8 kg/m2).Conclusion·Elderly people aged 60?74 years should maintain the BMI below 24.0 kg/m2,while those aged 75 years and above should aim for the BMI below 23.0 kg/m2,so as to reduce the risk of chronic metabolic diseases.