[Objective]To observe the curative effect of Wenjing Huayu Decoction for chemotherapy-induced hand-foot syndrome. [Methods]A total of 61 cases of patients with hand-foot syndrome induced by the oral administration of capecitabine were incorporated in the study, and further randomly divided into the treatment group(31 cases) and the control group(30cases). Capecitabine's dosage was 1250mg/m2,twice in one day,from the first day to the fourteen days,7 days of rest,with an observational period of 21 days.In the treatment group, patients were immersed with warm-water diluted Wenjing Huayu Decoction, from the first day of chemotherapy,once in the morning and once at night, 20 minutes a time, with an observational period of 21 days;besides, external application of urea cream was used for patients in the control group;patients in both groups applied corresponding treatment schemes twice a day, once in the morning and once at night, with an observational period of 21 days. The therapeutic effects in both groups were evaluated after 2 cycles of treatment. [Results]The effective rate of HFS was 67.7%in the treatment group and 36.7%in the control group. The results showed that the curative effect in the treatment group was significantly more efficient than that in the control group, with a statistical difference( P<0.05); according to the quality of life(QOL) scoring, there was an obvious difference in improving patients'quality of life between the two groups(P<0.05). [Conclusion]An immersion treatment applying Wenjing Huayu Decoction can be an effective regimen for the treatment of hand-foot syndrome induced by the administration of capecitabine, associated with improvement of patient's life quality.

Objective To study the method of gray-scale blood flow imaging and image processing in condition of high frequency ultrasound,and the implementation of the system.Methods On the base of research of scattered signals of red blood cells in high frequency ultrasound,20 MHz ultrasound mechanical and linear scanning probe was used to transmit a number of pulses on a scan line.Pulse-echo subtraction method was used to obtain the blood flow information.At the end,simulated blood vascular was used to conduct flow imaging,and the obtained images were analyzed.Results Experiment results showed that clear blood flow images were obtained using this system.The noise from perivascular tissue could be filtered and the signals from blood flow could be enhanced after image processing.Conclusions In the detection of superficial blood vessel,blood flow signals can be obtained even using single pulse emitting via high frequency ultrasound.The blood flow imaging system can be implemented after image processing.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the reasons for conversion and elucidate the safety and efficacy of transition to tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/bictegravir sodium (TAF/FTC/BIC) in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-experienced HIV-infected patients in real-world settings. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. The treatment conversion rationales, safety, and effectiveness in 1684 HIV-infected patients with previous HAART experience who switched to TAF/FTC/BIC were evaluated at Beijing Ditan Hospital from September 2021 to Auguest 2022. RESULTS: Regimen simplification (990/1684, 58.79%) was the most common reason for switching, followed by osteoporosis or osteopenia (375/1684, 22.27%), liver dysfunction (231/1684, 13.72%), decline in tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/elvitegravir/cobicistat (TAF/FTC/EVG/c) with food restriction (215/1684, 12.77%), virological failure (116/1684, 6.89%), and renal dysfunction (90/1684, 5.34%). In patients receiving non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)-containing regimens, lipid panel changes 1 year after switching indicated a difference of 3.27 ± 1.10 mmol/L vs . 3.40 ± 1.59 mmol/L in triglyceride ( P  = 0.014), 4.82 ± 0.74 mmol/L vs . 4.88 ± 0.72 mmol/L in total cholesterol ( P  = 0.038), 3.09 ± 0.70 mmol/L vs . 3.18 ± 0.66 mmol/L in low-density lipoprotein ( P  <0.001), and 0.99 ± 0.11 mmol/L vs . 0.95 ± 0.10 mmol/L in high-density lipoprotein ( P  <0.001). Conversely, among patients receiving booster-containing regimens, including TAF/FTC/EVG/c and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), lipid panel changes presented decreased trends. We also observed an improved trend in viral load suppression, and alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and serum creatinine levels after the transition ( P  <0.001). CONCLUSION The transition to TAF/FTC/BIC demonstrated good treatment potency. Furthermore, this study elucidates the motivations behind the adoption of TAF/FTC/BIC in real-world scenarios, providing clinical evidence supporting the stable conversion to TAF/FTC/BIC for HAART-experienced patients.
Humans ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects* ; Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Tenofovir/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Emtricitabine/pharmacology* ; Adenine/therapeutic use* ; Lipids

Objective To investigate the relationship between enlarged perivascular spaces in the hippocampus(H-EPVS)and cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to explore whether the H-EPVS can be used as an imaging marker of cognitive impairment in T2DM.Methods A total of 93 T2DM patients were selected(including 56 patients with cognitive impair-ment and 37 patients with normal cognition).All patients received head MRI scanning and neuropsychological tests.The differences of the H-EPVS counts and various parameters between the two groups were compared.Multiple linear regression was used to evalu-ate the association between H-EPVS and cognitive function.Results Compared with the T2DM patients with normal cognition,the cognitive impairment had significantly higher total H-EPVS counts(P=0.015),and worse performance of global cognitive function,processing speed,immediate memory and delayed recall(P＜0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors by multiple linear regres-sion,total H-EPVS were associated with global cognitive function and immediate memory.Conclusion The H-EPVS are correlated with global cognitive function and memory function in patients with T2DM.The H-EPVS may be used as an imaging marker of cog-nitive impairment in T2DM patients.

AIM:To investigate the impact of platycodin D(PD)on the viability,migration,invasion,apop-tosis and cell cycle of osteosarcoma cells in vitro,along with its underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Human osteosarco-ma cells MG63 and U2OS were divided into control group(0 μmol/L)and PD treatment group(6.25,12.5,25,50 and 100 μmol/L,respectively).Human osteosarcoma cells MG63 and U2OS were categorized into control groups(0 μmol/L PD)and PD treatment groups(6.25,12.5,25,50 and 100 μmol/L).The CCK-8 assay determined cell viability and identified effective treatment concentrations.MG63(15 μmol/L PD)and U2OS(25 μmol/L PD)were specifically ana-lyzed.Cell scratch and Transwell assays assessed migration and invasion.Hoechst 33342 staining examined nuclear mor-phological changes.Flow cytometry analyzed cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate.Western blot measured protein ex-pression levels:cleaved caspase-3,cleaved PARP,c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),p-JNK,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-ssociated X protein(BAX),matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2),MMP-9,cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4),cyclin D1,CDK1,cyclin B1,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and p-ERK.Proteome sequencing of MG63 cells was performed.RESULTS:PD treatment significantly decreased cell survival,scratch healing rate,and invasive cell numbers,while increasing apoptosis rates(P<0.05).Morphological changes such as nuclear hyperchroma-tism and fragmentation were observed in PD-treated cells.PD induced G2/M phase arrest in MG63 and G0/G1 phase arrest in U2OS cells.PD treatment upregulated BAX,cleaved caspase-3,cleaved PARP,and p-JNK/JNK,while downregulat-ing Bcl-2,MMP-2,MMP-9,CDK4,cyclin D1,CDK1,cyclin B1,and p-ERK/ERK(P<0.05).Proteome sequencing re-vealed PD's involvement in cell division,cell cycle regulation,focal adhesion,apoptosis,and the MAPK signaling path-way.CONCLUSION:PD inhibits cell viability,migration,and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro,while promoting apoptosis and inducing cell cycle arrest.These effects are likely mediated through modulation of the MAPK signaling path-way.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and imaging features of patients with COVID-19-related osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS).Methods:COVID-19-related ODS cases diagnosed in the Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2020 to September 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. And their past medical history, possible triggers, clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, treatment and prognosis were summarized.Results:A total of 5 patients with COVID-19-related ODS were included. Electrolyte disturbances acted as an inducement of ODS in all patients (5/5),4 of whom with hyponatremia. Four of 5 patients first presented with disturbance of consciousness, followed by predominant dystonia. Imaging of all patients (5/5) showed isolated extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM). With the prolongation of the course of disease, such signal intensity could return to normal, and lesions showed atrophic changes in some patients. The patients′ clinical symptoms were partly relieved within a few days to a few months after treatment.Conclusions:COVID-19-related ODS is mostly associated with hyponatremia, and EPM is more common. COVID-19 should be considered as a risk factor for ODS.

Iron (Fe) is an important trace element involved in many important plant physiological and metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, respiration and nitrogen metabolism. Plants maintain iron homeostasis through absorption, transporting, storage and redistribution of iron. Iron metabolism is strictly regulated in plants. Iron regulatory transcription factors and iron transporters constitute the regulatory network of plant iron absorption and transport in plants. Ferritin and iron transporter jointly regulate the response to excess iron in plants. In recent years, important progress has been made in understanding how abscisic acid (ABA) regulates iron metabolism in plants. ABA may be used as a signal to regulate the absorption, transportation and reuse of Fe, or to relieve the symptoms of iron stress by regulating the oxidative stress responses in plants. In order to gain deeper insights into the crosstalk of ABA and iron metabolism in plants, this review summarized the mechanisms of iron absorption and transport and metabolic regulatory network in plants, as well as the mechanisms of ABA in regulating iron metabolism. The relationship between ABA and FER-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor (FIT), iron-regulated transporter 1 (IRT1), and oxidative stress of iron deficiency were highlighted, and future research directions were prospected.
Abscisic Acid/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Homeostasis ; Iron/metabolism* ; Plants/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism*

BACKGROUND: Textbook outcome (TO) can guide decision-making among patients and clinicians during preoperative patient selection and postoperative quality improvement. We explored the factors associated with achieving a TO for gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) after curative-intent resection and analyzed the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on TO and non-TO patients. METHODS: A total of 540 patients who underwent curative-intent resection for GBC at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated with TO. RESULTS: Among 540 patients with GBC who underwent curative-intent resection, 223 patients (41.3%) achieved a TO. The incidence of TO ranged from 19.0% to 51.0% across the study period, with a slightly increasing trend over the study period. The multivariate analysis showed that non-TO was an independent risk factor for prognosis among GBC patients after resection ( P = 0.003). Age ≤60 years ( P = 0.016), total bilirubin (TBIL) level ≤34.1 μmol/L ( P <0.001), well-differentiated tumor ( P = 0.008), no liver involvement ( P <0.001), and T1-2 stage disease ( P = 0.006) were independently associated with achieving a TO for GBC after resection. Before and after propensity score matching (PSM), the overall survival outcomes of non-TO GBC patients who received ACT and those who did not were statistically significant; ACT improved the prognosis of patients in the non-TO group ( P <0.05). CONCLUSION Achieving a TO is associated with a better long-term prognosis among GBC patients after curative-intent resection, and ACT can improve the prognosis of those with non-TO.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Gallbladder Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Hepatectomy ; Cholecystectomy