OBJECTIVE:To investigate the intervention effects of (E)-4-[2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoyloxy]-3-me-thoxyphenyl acrylic acid (AZ) on fat accumulation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. METHODS:Oleic acid was used to induce fat accumulation in HepG2 cells in logarithmic phase for establishing models of fat accumulation,which were divided into a model group,a positive control group(100 μg/ml simvastatin),and the groups of 15.63,31.25,62.5,125,250,500 and 1 000 μg/ml AZ,and a normal control group was set up. MTT method was used to detect the survival rates of all groups of cells,kit was per-formed to determine the contents of triglyceride (TG) in all groups of cells and calculate the clearance rates,and oil red O stain was conducted to observe the lipid droplet morphology of all groups of cells. RESULTS:Compared to the normal control group, the model group and the groups of 15.63-125 μg/ml AZ demonstrated no obviously different survival rate of cells,and the groups of 250-1 000 μg/ml AZ had lower survival rate of cells. There was statistically significance (P<0.05). The contents of TG in the cells of the model group were higher than those in the cells of the normal control group. The positive control group and the groups of 62.5 and 125 μg/ml AZ had lower contents of TG in the cells compared to the model group,showing a TG clearance rate of (28.58 ± 0.15)%,(14.51 ± 0.09)% and (29.72 ± 0.16)% respectively. There was statistically significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05). There were much more lipid droplets in the cells of the model group than in those of the normal control group. The lipid droplets in AZ groups gradually became less in quantity and smaller with the increasing in drug concentration. CONCLUSIONS:AZ has inter-vention effect on fat accumulation in HepG2 cells.

Objective The expression and neuroprotective effect of meteorin in neurons and astrocytes after cerebral infarc-tion have yet to be clarified.This study was to investigate the expression and location of meteorin in the rat model of middle cerebral ar -tery occlusion (MCAO) and its neuroprotective effect against oxygen -glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced injury in cultured neurons or astrocytes. Methods Forty-two healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of equal number:sham operation and 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, and 7 d MCAO.The cortical tissue was harvested for determination of the expression and location of meteorin by Western blot and immunohistochemistry as well as the meteorin expression in the neurons and astrocytes subjected to OGD. The neuroprotective effect of meteorin on the neurons and astrocytes was e-valuated by CCK8 and PI/Hoechst33342 staining. Results Com-pared with the sham operation group, the expression of meteorin was decreased after MCAO and reached the lowest level at 3 days ( P<0.01) , mainly in the neurons and astrocytes.Exogenous meteorin helped the survival of the astrocytes subjected to OGD, with the A value decreased in the groups of OGD ( 0.63 ) , OGD +meteorin
(0.78), and OGD+PBS (0.60) as compared with the sham control ( 1.51) (P<0.01), with no statistically significant differences among the former three groups (P>0.05).Concerning the effect of meteorin intervention on the OGD-induced injury of the astrocytes, the A value was significantly reduced in OGD (1.24 ±0.17), OGD+meteorin (1.51 ±0.30), and OGD+PBS (1.23 ±0.16) in comparison with the sham control (2.43 ±0.12) (P<0.01), lower in the OGD and OGD+PBS groups than in the OGD+meteorin group ( P<0.05) . Conclusion Meteorin is mainly expressed in the neurons and astrocytes after MCAO and it promotes the survival of the astrocytes with OGD-induced injury.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα)is an important subtype in the PPARs family. PPARs are a group of nuclear hormone receptors,which belong to type II nuclear receptor super family.PPARαagonists could be used in the treatment of hyperlipemia in clinic.PPARαagonists mainly include natural type and synthetic type,and according to the structure,the synthetic PPARαagonists can be divided into phenyl-heterocy-clic derivatives,ureide derivatives,amides derivatives,phenyloxazole or phenylthiazole derivatives,etc.So far, many PPARαagonists have been approved or in clinical development,and a series of novel PPARαagonists with higher activity and selectivity are being developed.This review will survey the progress in PPARαagonists.

[Objective]To observe the clinical effect of"lung-intestinal treatment"method for adjuvant treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)mechanical ventilation patients with syndrome of lung heat and Fu-viscera excess.[Methods]Sixty-two patients with AECOPD in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine(PCCM)and Intensive Care Unit(ICU)of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University were selected and divided into conventional treatment group and treatment group by random number table,31 cases in each group.The conventional treatment group was treated with western medicine,and the treatment group was added with lung-intestinal treatment on the basis of the conventional treatment group.The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome points,blood gas index,ventilator parameters,mechanical ventilation time,complications and clinical effects were observed.[Results]Compared with before treatment,the conventional treatment group had improvement in the blood gas index,ventilator parameters,TCM syndrome(cough and asthma,sputum,abdominal distension and constipation,fever,chest tightness)and total points after treatment(P＜0.05);after treatment,the blood gas index,ventilator parameters,TCM syndrome(cough and asthma,sputum,abdominal distension and constipation,fever,chest tightness,loss of appetite)were relieved and total scores were all improved in the treatment group(P＜0.05).Compared with the conventional treatment group,the treatment group had significantly improved blood gas index,ventilator parameters and clinical effects,the TCM symptoms(chest tightness,cough and asthma,abdominal distension and constipation,loss of appetite)were relieved and total scores were improved(P＜0.05),and the time of mechanical ventilation and complications were reduced compared with the conventional treatment group(P＜0.05).[Conclusion]The treatment of AECOPD mechanical ventilation patients with"lung-intestinal treatment"method has clear cu rative effect,which can relieve clinical symptoms,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation,and the efficacy is better than that of western medicine alone.

Objective To explore the risk factors of aseptic meningitis (AM) after microvascular decompression (MVD) to provide evidence for preventing the occurrence of AM. Methods One hundred and forty-one patients diagnosed as having trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm, admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016, were chosen. A retrospective analysis was performed on these clinical data. Eighteen related factors of AM were analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results The result of single analysis of related factors showed that gender, age, diabetes, operation time, skill level of the operator, injection of dexamethasone, and postoperative dressing time were related to AM after MVD (P<0.05). Multifactor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR=2.920, P=0.015), diabetes (OR=0.200, P=0.026), and non-injection of dexamethasone (OR=7.970, P=0.002) were independent risk factors of postoperative AM. Conclusion The male or diabetic patients have high rate of postoperative AM; and the risk of postoperative AM would be reduced if we inject dexamethasone to the cerebellopontine angle cistern at the end of MVD.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of full-endoscopic technique through the posterior cervical Delta large portal for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and radiculopathy.Methods:The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively of the 15 patients who had been treated for cervical spondylotic myelopathy or radiculopathy at Orthopedics Department, Jiaxing Xiuzhou District People's Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021. There were 6 males and 9 females, aged from 54 to 76 years (average, 66.2 years). Responsible levels: 3 cases of C3, 4, 4 cases of C4, 5, 7 cases of C5, 6 and 1 case of C6, 7. They were all treated by full-endoscopic technique through the posterior cervical Delta large portal. The therapeutic efficacy was assessed by comparing the neck disability indexes (NDI) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) cervical scores at preoperation, 1 and 3 months post-operation, and the last follow-up, and the modified MacNab scores at the last follow-up. The operative effects on cervical curvature and segmental stability were assessed by comparing the C2-7 cobb angles and operative ranges of motion (ROM) at preoperation, 1 and 3 months postoperation, and the last follow-up.Results:All cases completed their operation successfully. The operation time ranged from 56 to 82 min (average, 65.7 min), and the intraoperative blood loss from 10 to 30 mL (average, 20.7 mL). Tissue infection, intraspinal infection, dural tear, nerve root injury or perioperative anesthesia-related complications occurred in none of the patients. All patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months (average 10.8 months). The NDIs at 1 and 3 months post-operation, and the last follow-up (18.54%±3.06%, 14.96%±2.33%, and 12.89%±2.33%) were significantly lower than that before operation (34.19%±3.83%), and those at 3 months postoperation and the last follow-up significantly lower than that at 1 month postoperation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between 3 months postoperation and the last follow-up in NDI ( P>0.05). The JOA scores at 1 and 3 months postoperation, and the last follow-up [(12.28±1.65), (13.30±1.57) and (13.54±1.41) points] were significantly higher than the preoperative value [(9.25±1.49) points] ( P<0.05), but there was no such a significant difference between postoperative time points ( P>0.05). Comparisons between preoperation, 1 and 3 months postoperation, and the last follow-up showed no significant difference in the C2-7 cobb angle or operative ROM ( P>0.05). The modified MacNab scores at the last follow-up resulted in 9 excellent, 5 good and 1 fair cases. Conclusion:In the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and radiculopathy, the full-endoscopic technique through the posterior cervical Delta large portal shows the advantages of limited invasion and complications, rapid recovery after operation, and little impact on the cervical curvature and segmental stability.

Objective    To compare the the effectiveness of robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), in stageⅠ lung adenocarcinoma. Methods    From January 2012 to December 2018, 291  patients were included. The patients were allocated into two groups including a RATS group with 125 patients and a VATS group with 166 patients. Two cohorts (RATS, VATS ) of clinical stageⅠ lung adenocarcinoma patients were matched by propensity score. Then there were 114 patients in each group (228 patients in total). There were 45 males and 69 females at age of 62±9 years in the RATS group; 44 males, 70 females at age of 62±8 years in the VATS group. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the outcomes. Results     Compared with the VATS group, the RATS group got less blood loss (P<0.05) and postoperative drainage (P<0.05) with a statistical difference. There was no statistical difference in drainage time (P>0.05) or postoperative hospital stay (P>0.05) between the two groups. The RATS group harvested more stations and number of the lymph nodes with a statistical difference (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS and mean survival time (P>0.05). While there was a statistical difference in DFS between the two groups (1-year DFS: 94.1% vs. 95.6%; 3-year DFS: 92.6% vs. 75.2%; 5-year DFS: 92.6% vs. 68.4%, P<0.05; mean DFS time: 78 months vs. 63 months, P<0.05) between the two groups. The univariate analysis found that the number of the lymph nodes dissection was the prognostic factor for OS, and tumor diameter, surgical approach, stations and number of the lymph nodes dissection were the prognostic factors for DFS. However, multivariate analysis found that there was no independent risk factor for OS, but the tumor diameter and surgical approach were independently associated with DFS. Conclusion    There is no statistical difference in OS between the two groups, but the RATS group gets better DFS.

Objective    To compare the effect on postoperative immune function between da Vinci robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) , and to provide clinical support for more effective surgical procedures. Methods    A total of 90 patients undergoing radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma in our hospital from June to November 2019 were included. There were 49 males and 41 females with an average age of 62.67 (37-84) years. Among them, 50 patients underwent da Vinci robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (a RATS group) and 40 patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (a VATS group). The perioperative indexes as well as postoperative inflammatory factors and immune level effects between the two groups were compared. Results    Compared with the VATS, RATS could significantly shorten the operation time and decrease intraoperative blood loss (P<0.05). RATS also effectively reduced the increase of postoperative inflammatory factor level (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in postoperative immune function between the RATS group and the VATS group (P>0.05). Conclusion    RATS is superior to VATS in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in perioperative indicators and inflammatory factors.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibition effect of dopamine on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and the effect of dopamine on degradation of dentin collagen for its potential use in caries treatment and dentin adhesive.

METHODSIn the experiment of MMP activity test, 2.0 g/L dopamine + 1.0 g/L highly purified collagenase type VIII from Clostridium histolyticum served as the experimental group, and deionized water + 1.0 g/L highly purified collagenase type VIII from Clostridium histolyticum served as the negative control group, and 2% chlorhexidine + 1.0 g/L highly purified collagenase type VIII from Clostridium histolyticum served as the positive control group, and the mixture volume ratio of the two ingredients in every group was 1:9. After 15 minutes, the enzyme activity of each sample was tested by MMP activity colerimetric quantitative detection kits, and the test was repeated 5 times in each group. In the experiment of collagen degradation, the dentin slices were demineralized with 37% phosphoric acid for 1 min. In sequence, 2 dentin slices were used to observe the morphology, and the remaining 30 dentine slices were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) according to random number table: the negative control ones were stored in 100 µl deionized water and 900 µl collagenase (7 days, 37 °C), the positive control ones were stored in 100 µl chlorhexidine and 900 µl collagenase (7 days, 37 °C) and the experimental specimens were stored in 100 µl dopamine and 900 µl collagenase (7 days, 37 °C). The degraded collagen was investigated by assaying hydroxyproline. The framework of collagen was evaluated with field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM).

RESULTSThe statistical results of completely random design ANOVA showed that the MMP activity and the amount of degraded collagen of the negative control group [(0.089 ± 0.011) µmol · min⁻¹ · mg⁻¹ and (2 837 ± 201) µg/cm²] were significantly higher than those of the positive control group [(0.038 ± 0.006) µmol · min⁻¹ · mg⁻¹ and (1 288 ± 172) µg/cm²] and the experimental group [(0.030 ± 0.009) µmol · min⁻¹ · mg⁻¹ and (1 389 ± 255) µg/cm²] (P < 0.05). SEM observation indicated that the structural integrity of the collagen network on dentin still existed in experiment samples and positive control groups, however, collagen fibrils were destructed and the structural integrity disappeared in the negative control groups.

CONCLUSIONSDopamine may inhibit MMP activity and reduce the amount of degraded collagen.

Chlorhexidine ; pharmacology ; Collagen ; drug effects ; Dental Caries ; therapy ; Dentin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Dopamine ; pharmacology ; Dopamine Agents ; pharmacology ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Microbial Collagenase ; pharmacology ; Phosphoric Acids ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a massive impact on public health, resulting in sudden dietary and behavioral habit changes. Frontline epidemic prevention workers play a pivotal role against COVID-19. They must face high-risk infection conditions, insufficient anti-epidemic material supplies, mental pressure, and so on. COVID-19 seriously affects their dietary and behavioral habits, and poor habits make them more susceptible to COVID-19. However, their baseline dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of COVID-19 remain unclear for these workers in China. This study aimed to explore the baseline dietary and behavioral habits of frontline workers and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of the epidemic; in addition, susceptible subgroups were identified by stratified analyses as targets of protective measures to keep them from being infected with COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using a sample of 22,459 valid individuals living in China, including 9402 frontline epidemic prevention workers. RESULTS: Before COVID-19, 23.9% of the frontline epidemic prevention workers reported a high-salt diet, 46.9% of them reported a high frequency of fried foods intake, and 50.9% of them smoked cigarettes. After the outbreak of COVID-19, 34.6% of them expressed a willingness to reduce salt intake, and 43.7% of them wanted to reduce the frequency of pickled vegetables intake. A total of 37.9% of them expressed a willingness to decrease or quit smoking, and 44.5% of them wanted to increase sleep duration. Significant differences in the baseline dietary and behavioral habits and the willingness to change their habits were observed between frontline epidemic prevention workers and other participants. Among the frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19, frontline epidemic prevention experience was a promoting factor for adopting worse dietary and behavioral habits, including those in the high-salt intake subgroup (OR, 2.824; 95% CI, 2.341-3.405) and the 11-20 cigarettes/day subgroup (OR, 2.067; 95% CI, 1.359-3.143). CONCLUSIONS The dietary and behavioral habits of frontline epidemic prevention workers were worse than that those of other participants before COVID-19. They had a greater willingness to adopt healthy dietary and behavioral habits after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19. However, frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 continued in engage in these poor habits. Dietary and behavioral intervention policies should be drafted to protect their health, especially frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor habits at baseline.
Adult ; COVID-19/psychology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet/standards* ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Personnel/psychology* ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires