OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of acupuncture on promoting the restoration of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs).

METHODSThirty SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group and an acupuncture group, ten rats in each one. The rats in the model group and acupuncture group were treated with colonic anastomosis to establish the model. After successful establishment of the model, the rats in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) and "Taichong" (LR 3) for 15 min, once a day for 10 days. Rats in the model group and blank group were put into the fixator for 15 min at the same time daily. The propulsive rate of small intestine was measured in each group. Colonic tissues were collected to detect c-kit expression by using immunohistochemistry. The nitricoxide (NO) content was measured by nitrate reductase method and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was measured by method of L-arginine.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, the propulsive rate of small intestine in the model group was decreased; NO content was increased; iNOS activity was elevated; cNOS activity was declined; total NOS (tNOS) activity was increased and the counting of c-kit positive ICCs was decreased (all P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the propulsive rate of small intestine in the acupuncture group was increased; NO content was decreased; iNOS activity was reduced; cNOS activity was elevated; NOS activity was decreased and the counting of c-kit positive ICCs was increased (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture can regulate NO content and NOS activity in postoperative restoration environment of ICCs, which may participate in the process of acupuncture promoting the restoration of ICCs.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Animals ; Colon ; metabolism ; surgery ; Colonic Diseases ; enzymology ; metabolism ; surgery ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Interstitial Cells of Cajal ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of intractable epistaxis under nasal endoscope in the treatment of elderly people .Methods 312 cases of endoscope of intractable epistaxis patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results Nasal septum and olfactory corresponding head of middle turbinate bleeding site was mainly the upper part of the nasal cavity and the split-plot,back-end middle turbinate at the back of the nose and nasal were fol-lowed,as well as inferior turbinate and the rear end of inferior nasal meatus ,the Littell nasal septum of the front nose were bleeding less .After nasal endoscopic radio hemostatic therapy or local packing treatment with expansive sponge , 310 cases were cured,2 cases were invalid.The total efficiency was up to 99.4%.During the following 3 months,there was no recurrence .Conclusion For the elderly intractable epistaxis hemostatic therapy ,under nasal endoscope oper-ation method,radio hemostatic therapy or local packing treatment with expansive sponge is simple and effective ,which is worthy of popularization and application .

AIM and METHODS: To observe the effects of glucose-free and Mg 2+ -free in the extracellular fluid on the changes of [Ca 2+ ] i in the cerebro-cortical neurons damaged by 1 mmol/L glutamate using laser confocal scanning microscope. RESULTS: Both frequency and amplitude of neuronal calcium oscillation induced by glutamate were lowered in glucose-free and Mg 2+ -free buffers. The basic [Ca 2+ ] i concentration was lowered in the former case , but it was elevated in the latter case. CONCLUSION: Mg 2+ -free aggravates [Ca 2+ ] i overload induced by 1 mmol/L glutamate ,under certain conditions the glucose-free might resist damage role of glutamate and Mg 2+ -free.

Objective By comparing the physiological index and diosgenin content of rhizome between the artificial tetraploid and the wild type diploid of Dioscorea zingiberensis, it is aimed at revealing the potential utility of polyploid breeding in medicinal D. zingiberensis. Methods Three clones of the natural diploid and the artificially induced tetraploid of D. zingiberensis were used as materials in this study. The content of SOD, PPO, and soluble sugar of leaves was determined by spectrophotometry, CAT content was measured by using the method of KMnO_4 titration. And the diosgenin content in rhizome was analyzed by HPLC. Results The tetraploid plants showed higher level of SOD, PPO, CAT, soluble sugar content in leaves, and diosgenin content in rhizome than those of the diploid origins. The diosgenin content in the three clones of tetraploid plants increased to 27% as compared to wild type. Conclusion Artificially induced tetraploid presents high content of diosgenin and great potential in stress resistance, which would be available in good seed breeding for high yield of diosgenin.

Objective: To discuss the correlation between myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and hepatic trans-planted tumor and to explore new ways to inhibit the development of hepatic cancer. Methods: We established the animal models with H_(22) hepatic carcinoma cells transplanted to the anterior right limb. Then the MDSCs morphology was observed with confocal microscopy and the proportion of MDSCs in blood and spleen was measured with flow cytometry. The 36 mice were divided into three groups: the control group, the low-dose group (2mg/kg) and the high-dose group (4mg/kg). Then As_2O_3 was injected twice a week to the mice before repeating the aforementioned measures. The direct effects of As_2O_3 on MDSCs cultured with H_(22)-ascites supernatant was observed. Results: At 25 days after transplantion, the tumor weight was increased to 5.67g, and the proportion of MDSCs in blood and spleen was increased to 20.46% and 9.50%, re-spectively. There was a positive correlation between hepatic transplanted tumor and MDSCs in blood and spleen and the relative factors were 0.95 and 0.96, respectively (t=-5.270 and 5.939, P<0.05). With the effect of As_2O_3, the proportion of MD-SCs in blood in low-dose group and high-dose group was 11.31% and 10.00% at 28 days after treatment, lower than that in the control group (t=3.193 and 5.486, P<0.05), and there was also a statistical difference between the high-dose group and low-dose group (t=3.066, P<0.05). The proportion of MDSCs in the spleen in low-dose group and high-dose group was 10.90% and 9.04% at 28 days, lower than that in the control group (t=3.586.and 5.279, P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference between the high-dose group and low-dose group (1=1.298, P>0.05). In vitro, the proportion of MDSCs in nutrient fluid was increased to 12.67% at 12 days after treatment with H_(22)-ascites supematant, and was decreased to 7.44% at 18 days after treatment with As_2O_3. Conclusion: The proportion of MDSCs in H_(22) tumor-bearing mice is increased because of tu-mor development. There is a positive correlation between MDSCs and hepatic transplanted tumor. As_2O_3 can decrease MD-SCs and inhibit tumor growth.

This paper is a follow-up study of 329 children in factory-run nurseries in urban Shanghai. The investigation lasted for a period of one year for each index-child, focusing on the conditions of nutrition, development and diseases of the children of various ages.Comparison between nutritionl findings and RDA of China disclosed that calorie intake of most of the index-child groups were 80-85% of RDA, the only exception being the 6-12 months group where the average calorie intake showed 90%. Protein intake of all groups was over 80% of RDA. Fe intake was lower than RDA, except for 18-month-old and over.Weight and height of the children were compared with the anthropo-metric data established in 1985 (1985 data) for Shanghai children under six years of age. It was found that the average weight and height appeared differently according to their age. Average weight of children under one year old was slightly higher than 1985 data, while average height was lower than 1985 data once the children reached 10 months old. Average weight, however, became lower than the 1985 data after the children were two years old. Over 60% of the index between 6-18 months old suffered from anemia (IDA).Accordingly, it is requested that calorie and iron intake should be supplemented.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture combined with antidepressant on behavioral changes and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A and 2A receptor ( 5-HT1AR and 5-HT2AR) mRNA expression in nucleus raphes dorsalis (NRD) of sleep deprivation depression (SDD) rats. Methods Eight normal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were caged together without any stimulus or treatment, serving as the normal group. Thirty-two SD rats were given solitary raise for 21 days, together with chronic unpredictable mild stress ( CUMS) and rapid eye movement ( REM) sleep deprivation to establish the model. Twenty-eight rats completed the modeling successfully, and were divided into model group, acupuncture group, medicine group, and combination group, 7 rats in each group. Rats in the model group were given modeling treatment but without any intervention. Rats in the acupuncture group were given acupuncture on acupoint Yintang, Shenting and bilateral Taichong, acupuncture stimulation lasting 15 s every 10 min and acupuncture retention for 20 min in each day. Rats in the medicine group were given gastric gavage of Zoloft solution (0.83 mg·kg-1·d-1) and Alprazolam solution (0.067 mg· kg-1·d-1) , and rats in the combination group were given both acupuncture and medicine intervention. The intervention for the three intervention groups lasted for 7 days. Results Compared with the normal group, body weight, Open-field scores and sucrose preference of the model rats were significantly decreased on modeling day 7, 14, 21 (P<0.05). On modeling day 28, body weight and Open-field scores of each intervention group were significantly increased compared with those of the model group (P<0.05), and Open-field scores of combination group differed from those of acupuncture group and medicine group ( P<0.05). Only sucrose preference of combination group was improved significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, NRD 5-HT1AR mRNA expression level was increased in the combination group (P<0.05), and NRD 5-HT2AR mRNA expression level was down-regulated in all of the three intervention groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture and antidepressant treatment covering 7 days can evoke rapid effect on SDD rats, which can improve the slow effect of antidepressant.

OBJECTIVE: To analysis the therapeutic procedure on the recurrent congenital fistula or cyst in lateral cervical part. METHOD: Thirty-nine cases with recurrent congenital fistula or cyst in lateral cervical part were enrolled in this study including 12 cases from the first branchial cleft, 6 from the second branchial cleft and 21 from the third branchial cleft. RESULT: All the cases underwent fistula or cyst excision for 2 to 5 times in their whole therapeutic process, not counting the incision and drainage. During 9 months to 17 years follow-up, fistula or cyst in 6 cases relapsed,including 1 fistula from the first branchial cleft,3 fistulae from the second branchial cleft, 1 fistula and 1 cyst from the third branchial cleft, respectively. One case with recurrent fistula from the first branchial cleft was diagnosed temporal verrucous carcinoma six months after the third fistula excision operation and died one year after the forth operation probably due to the intracranial metastasis of temporal bone verrucous carcinoma. In two cases, the fistulae went through the thyroid gland to the piriform fossa and both the fistulae and part of the thyroid glands were resected. In the patients whose inner orificium fistulae were found and ligated effectively,no recurrence occurred during the followed-up period. CONCLUSION The key point to cure the recurrent congenital fistula or cyst in lateral cervical part lies in proper occasion of operation, stain tracing in operation and reasonable program of operation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Branchioma ; congenital ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fistula ; congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Ningxin Anshen Fang on insomnia, and regulative mechanism to the metabolic loop of glutamic acid (Glu)/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamine (Gln).Methods The model of insomnia was established by using modified multiple water platform sleep deprivation method in rats, and then all rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, diazepam group, Ningxin Anshen Fang low-dose group (low-dose group), Ningxin Anshen Fang mid-dose group (mid-dose group) and Ningxin Anshen Fang high-dose group (high-dose group).The general conditions were observed, sleep latency and sleep duration were observed by applying pentobarbital sodium (PS) cooperative sleep test, and model and curative effect of Ningxin Anshen Fang on insomnia were reviewed.The content of Glu and GABA in brainstem and hypothalamus was detected by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The expressions of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and astrocyte glutamine synthetase (GS) in brainstem and hypothalamus were detected by using Western blot experiment.Results The sleep latency was significantly shortened, sleep duration was prolonged, GABA level in brainstem and hypothalamus was increased and ratio of Glu to GABA (Glu/GABA) was decreased by Ningxin Anshen Fang in insomnia rats.The expression of GAD in brainstem and hypothalamus was significantly promoted in all Ningxin Anshen Fang groups.Conclusion Ningxin Anshen Fang can affect the synthesis and decomposition Glu and GABA and expressions of Glu and GABA, and normalize the excitotary/inhibitory metabolic imbalance of Glu/GABA through regulating Glu/GABA-Gln metabolic loop, which may be related to that Ningxin Anshen Fang has the curative effects of calming heart and tranquillizing mind, and sedation and hypnosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe CIK cell is one of the most important means of the adoptive cellular immunotherapy, and it is a hotspot of which to simplify its culture procedure and to promote its inhibition rate. The aim of this study is to observe the biological function of the CIK cells cultivated by the recombinant human fibronectin (RN) and to establish an effective and simple way of cells expansion.

METHODSWe separated the mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 50 mL peripheral blood from 10 healthy persons with density gradient centrifugation in the lymphocyte-separating medium, and the PBMCs were divided into two groups, of which were cultivated by RN-introduced and conventional method separately. Then we estimated the proliferation ability, and analyzed the immunologic type, IFN-gamma, IL-4, perforin and granzyme B of them with flow cytometry. Besides that, we tested the inhibition rate of CIKs cells to four kinds of human lung cancer cell lines in vitro by MTT assay.

RESULTSThe RN-induced group had a higher proliferation rate that was 2.0-3.5 times of the conventional group, and there was an obvious statistical difference between the two (P < 0.05). The proliferation rates of CD3+CD16+CD56+T cells in each group were 3 778 and 2 068 times of the initial number, respectively. There was also a higher percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cells in RN-induced group (P < 0.05), while the percentage of CD3+CD4+T cells had no significant statistical difference (P > 0.05). We found a similar inhibition rate of the CIK cells to all this human lung cancer cell lines (P > 0.05). The cells which secreted IFN-gamma increased, while the cells which secreted IL-4 did not. The cells which secreted granzyme B and perforin were positive.

CONCLUSIONIt is an effective and simple way to cultivate the CIK cells with RN, which should be adopted.

CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Fibronectins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; methods ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; therapy ; Receptors, IgG ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology