According to the goal of promoting all-round ability and the core idea of PRICE,the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University improves the curriculum,teaching method,experimental teaching,multidimensional examination to explore the new system of teaching reform for eight-year clinical medical education.

Translational medicine means that to establish a bridge between fundamental research and clinical medicine through bidirectional translation path in order to promote the translation and application from fundamental research to clinical medicine.The purpose of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) translational model is to collate and build one multidimensional TCM translational model,rationality carry out the research on TCM translation.Three paths have been confirmed,where are from literature research to clinical verification,from clinical application to clinical verification,and from experiment to clinical verification.In this research,methodology of one path mcntioned above could be established,which is the key technology of translational medicine.Take constipation,insomnia,and post-flu cough as target diseases to investigate the herbal compounds which could be qualified for clinical application based on preliminary work.This research not only provided clinical data to TCM translation,but also established one methodology of TCM translation path--"from experiment to clinical verification".

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to identify the appropriate cutoffs for waist-hip-ratio (WHR) for Kazakh adults at high risk of cardiovascular diseases in Xinjiang.

METHODSA Cardiovascular Risk Survey (CRS) study was carried out from October 2007 to March 2010, with 14 618 representative participants selected, including 4 094 Kazakhs. Complete data on 4 004 participants were gathered. The age span of the participants was from 35 to 88 years old with the mean age as 48.60 years. Anthropometric data, blood pressure, serum concentration of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting glucose were documented. Prevalence rate, sensitivity, specificity and distance on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of each WHR values were calculated.

RESULTS1) The prevalence rates of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia were high, also with higher WHR seen in both men and women. 2) The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was high with higher WHR seen in women. 3) The shortest distances in the receiver operating characteristic curves for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or ≥ 2 of these risk factors suggested that the WHR cutoffs were 0.92 or 0.91 for men and 0.86 or 0.85 for women.

CONCLUSIONHigher cutoff for WHR was needed in the identification of patients over 35 at high risk of cardiovascular disease among Kazakh population.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Waist-Hip Ratio