Objective To know about the reason of nursing students suffering workplace bullying. Method 25 interviewees were recruited by snowball sampling. The data were collected through the analysis of focus group interview. Results The interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis method and three themes were extracted.They are the nursing students′own factors; organizational management factors;social and cultural factors. Conclusions According to the reasons for the nursing students suffered workplace bullying, formulating corresponding measures has an important role in improve the quality of clinical practice and the stability of nursing team.

Objective To introduce a new technique for treatment acetabular fractures with nitinol tridimensional internal fixation system. Methods According to the characteristics of nitinol and acetabular anatomy, a new internal fixation system for acetabular fracture, acetabular tridimensional memoryalloy-fixation system (ATMFS), was designed. This system consisted of anterior column, posterior column, arch teeth and trochanter device. During operation, these devices were transformed in iced water first, after fracture reduction they were inserted into bones, finally, these devices were reverted to their original shape by warm saline. Till October 2001, 41 cases acetabular fractures were treated with this system. All these cases were followed from 6 to 28 months. Results This system could transform the complicated and comminuted fracture to its anatomic position, and was easy to use in operation. Bone healing time averaged 1.6 months in 38 cases, and the hip function recovered time averaged 2.5 months. Heterotopic ossification which led to joint functional disturbance in one case, and myositis ossificans which caused joint dysfunction in two cases. One case was complicated by infection which was cured and good function was reserved. Conclusion ATMFS provides a new and efficacious method for the anatomic reduction or reconstruction of comminuted acetabular fractures.

Fu-Zheng Pei-Ben therapy, as a major therapeutic principle, has become the main guiding thought of cancer therapy currently. Through the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) history, Fu-Zheng Pei-Ben thera-py is one of the most important therapies . As early as the Spring and Autumn Period , the importance of vital qi has been recorded in the Huang-Di Nei-Jing. After that, TCM doctors have enriched the connotation and extension of the Fu-Zhe ng therapy . Until modern times , Professor Liu Jiaxiang applied Fu-Zhe ng therapy to the treatment of cancer . This paper explained the sources of Fu-Zhe ng cancer therapy through the analy-sis of its history in order to provide a reference to deepen the theoretical studies in the diagnosis and treat-ment of cancer in the future .

ObjectiveTo observe the status of social supports of the patients with advanced cancer and probe the effective nursing measures to improve the social supports of the patients.Methods"Social support rating scale"of Xiao Shui-yuan was applied to investigate the social support state of a total of 58 advanced cancer patients and 63 patients with chronic diseases.ResultsThe total score of patients with advanced cancer was(32.86±6.86),of patients with chronic diseases was(41.83±7.88).Compared with chronic disease group,the patients with advanced cancer received less social supports(P<0.05).The marriage state and economic income were significant factors to influence social support.ConclusionsThe patients with advanced cancer received less social supports than patients with chronic disease.Nursing staff should evaluate the status of social supports correctly,provide health education on patients and members in the net of social supports,make use of relative resources,then improve the social support level of the patients.

Objective To develop a new method of treating fractures and nonunion of radial and ulnar diaphyses. Methods We designed a kind of radius-ulna shape memory connector (RSMC) on the basis of the shape memory property of nitinol alloy and the anatomic characteristics of radial and ulnar diaphyses. It is capable of providing 3-D fixation and exerting continually longitudinal compression upon fracture sites. It was used in 31 cases (57 bones) of fresh fractures and 39 cases (53 bones) of nonunion, totaling 70 cases (110 bones). Results The mean follow-up time was 1.5 years(from 7 months to 2 years). In the fresh fracture group, no delayed union or nonunion was observed, and the solid bone healing time averaged 2.3 months. In the nonunion group, all the cases were cured at one time and the solid bone healing time averaged 3.5 months, but two cases were complicated with slight skin infection which had little influence on the internal fixation and bone healing. Conclusion RSMC can provide a new and efficacious method for the treatment of fracture and nonunion of radial and ulnar diaphyses.

Objective To study computed tomography (CT) in evaluating prognosis for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in infants. Methods Eighty-five infants diagnosed as HIE underwent CT one week,two months,three to six months and one to one and a half years after birth,respectively. At the same time,neonatal behavior neurological assessment (NBNA) was made at 12 to 14 days after birth. Development quotient (DQ) was used to evaluate their prognosis at age of 1 to 1.5 years. Results Rate of poor prognosis was 40.9% (9/22) in the infants with severe HIE by CT and 5.7% (3/52) in those with moderate HIE within one week after birth. Rate of poor prognosis was 60.0% in the infants with abnormal CT at age of two months. There was no significant difference in their prognosis for infants of moderate HIE with NBNA scores greater than or equal to 35 and less than 35,12 to 14 days after birth. And,72.7% (8/11) of the infants with severe HIE by CT with NBNA less than 35 showed little recovery at 12th-14th days after birth. Conclusions Combination of CT and clinical follow-up with NBNA score one month after birth could play an important role in the evaluation for therapy regime,length of treatment and prognosis in the infants with HIE.

Objective To compare the application of Goldman , CARPREG and ZAHARA in predicting cardiac outcomes in pregnant women with congenital heart disease. Methods A retrospective analysis of 144 pregnant women with CHD , enrolled in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between Jan 1992 and June 2015 was conducted. The mortality and the incidence of cardiac events were counted by three risk estimation methods. The sensitivity and calibration of three systems were compared by using Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of-fit analysis and Aera Under Curve (AUC). Results In terms of mortality rates, the sensitivity of CARPREG was higher than that of Goldman (AUC:0.874 and 0.889 respectively;P = 0.568 >0.05);. In terms of the incidence of cardiac events, the sensitivity of ZAHARA was higher than that of Goldman (AUC:0.912 and 0.773 respectively;P = 0.063 > 0.05); Conclusions All 3 risk estimation methods have good performance in sensitivity of predicting the incidence of cardiac events and mortality in pregnant women with CHD. The ZAHARA has a better calibration in predicting the incidence of cardiac events , and we recommend ZAHARA as the first choice of evaluation system for this kind of patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of CT perfusion imaging in assessing the hemodynamic changes in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma (<5 cm) before and after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods Twelve patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma were enrolled in this study. CT perfusion imaging of the liver was performed 1 - 2 days before and 3 - 4 weeks after TACE. By using the perfusion parameters the hemodynamics of the preoperative and postoperative tumor tissue, the hemodynamics of the preoperative tumor tissue and the normal tissue, and the hemodynamics of the postoperative active tumor tissue and the normal tissue were determined , and the results were compared between each other. Results Before TACE, the blood flow (BF), hepatic arterial fraction (HAF), hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP) and permeability of surface (PS) in the tumor tissue were significantly higher than those in the normal tissue (P < 0.01), while after TACE all the perfusion parameters except blood volume (BV) were significantly decreased in the tumor tissue (P < 0.01). After TACE, BF, PS, HAF and HAP in the activity tumor tissue were increased more than those in the normal tissue (P < 0.05). Conclusion CT perfusion imaging is of great clinical value in diagnosing < 5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma , in evaluating the hemodynamic changes after TACE and in demonstrating the activity of the residual tumor tissue.

The authors adopted the model of rat heart heterotopic transplantation established by Ono who anastomosed the donor ascending aorta and pulmonary artery to the recipient abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava respectively, and sonie improvemenLs on this model were made in this experimenL The time of procedure and the ischemic time of the donor heart were shortened, and the protection of the donor heart was satisfactory. The successful rate of 52 formal transplantations was 88%. The main reason of surgical failure is bleeding from the anastomosis. To lessen the intraoperative bleeding is a key factor to make the procedure successful. The method of the improved experimental model and the expenence are described in details.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Sodium chloride injection and Glycerine enema on the relief of postoperative defecation pain,edema around wound and incision in patients with complex anal fistula. METHODS:100 patients with complex anal fistula were selected and divided into group A(33 cases),B(33 cases)and C(34 cases)according to random number table. Group A was given Sodium chloride injection 300-500 ml,water bath heated to 35-37℃,into the rectum via enema bag before defecation,and defecated after controlling defecation for 5-10 min. Group B was given Glycerine enema 110 ml into the rectum,and defecated after controlling defecation for 5-10 min. Group C could defecated directly when they felt obvious defecation desire. VAS score of initial defe-cation,defecation frequence and time within 24 h after initial defecation,edema around wound and incision within a week after initial defecation were observed in 3 groups as well as the occurrence of ADR. RESULTS:VAS score of initial defecation,defecation fre-quence and time,edema around wound and incision in group A and B were significantly lower/shorter than in group C,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Above indexes of group B were slightly lower than those of group A,without statistical significance(P>0.05). No obvious ADR was found in group A and B during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Both Sodium chloride injection and Glycerine enema can relieve postoperative defecation pain in patients with complex anal fistula,and reduce edema around wound and incision with good safety. The two drugs should be selected according to patient’s condition.