OBJECTIVE: To establish headspace capillary gas chromatography for the content determination of 3 kinds of residual organic solvent (furanidine,methanol and ethanol) in betamethasone sodium phosphate raw material.METHODS: The sample was dissolved in water and n-propanol was used as internal standard.The residual solvent in betamethasone sodium phosphate was separated on HP-INNOWAX (PEG) capillary column with column temperature set at 60 ℃.The injector temperature and FID detector temperature were controlled at 180 ℃ and 250 ℃,respectively.The carried gas was nitrogen at flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The splitting-ratio was 10 ∶ 1.The containers of head-space injector were in equilibrium at 80 ℃ for 30 min.Injection time was 1 min.RESULTS: With this chromatographic condition,those solvents could be separated completely.The linear range were 0.014 4～0.071 8 mg?mL-1 for furanidine,0.060～0.300 mg?mL-1 for methanol and 0.099 3～0.497 mg?mL-1 for ethanol.The average recovery were 103.7% (RSD=0.53%,n=6),95.8% (RSD=0.30%,n=6) and 95.0% (RSD=0.48%,n=6) respectively.The minimum quantitation limit were 0.057 3 ?g?mL-1,0.486 ?g?mL-1,0.145 ?g?mL-1,respectively.3 kinds of residual organic solvents were all in line with the standard stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia.CONCLUSION: The established method is simple,sensitive and accurate for the content determination of residual solvents in betamethasone sodium phosphate raw material.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of reconstruction by using the free iliac flap with nerve anastomosis to repair the composite tissue defects of heel.Methods From March 2009 to August 2012,five cases with the composite tissue defects of heel,including 2 cases with the bottom defects and 3 cases with the tibial defects of heel,were repaired by the free iliac flap,and the feeling of the heel were reconstructed by nerve anastomosis of the flap.The ventral wound were sutured simply.Results All iliac flaps survived and the wound healed in one stage.Patients were followed up from 6 months to 12 months.Appearance and function recovered and the feeling recovered from S2-S3.The foots walked freely.The skin of iliac abdomen were scarred and lead to hyperpigmentation.Conclusion Using the free iliac flap with nerve anastomosis could repair the bone and soft tissue defects of heel and reconstruct the sensation of warmth and sense of pain of the heel.With the characteristics of hidden wound and little damage,the clinical effects was satisfied.

BACKGROUND:The research and development of scaffold materials is the key to tissue engineering, as the scaffold can provide a stable external environment for cell growth.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the clinical advances in tendon tissue engineering materials.METHODS:We searched CBM, CNKI, CSTJ and PubMed database for relevant articles published from January 2004 to May 2016. The keywords were tissue engineering, tendon injuries, biological scaffold, tendon healing in Chinese and English, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The commonly used tissue engineering tendon materials include natural polymer materials, biological derivatives, synthetic materials and composite materials. Natural polymer materials retain the three-dimensional network structure of the normal tissue, with good biocompatibility but poor mechanical properties and degradation speed. Synthetic polymer materials present with good mechanical properties and biodegradability, but have low hydrophilicity and poor cell adhesion capability. Composite materials as an effective combination of the two above-mentioned materials exhibit a certain potential in clinical practice. Biological derivatives come from organisms, and have a net structure and biomechanical properties most similar to the human body after appropriate treatment. Additionaly, these derivatives also have the normal physiological activity and functions, which are considered as the future development direction of biomedical materials.

Objective To observe the effects of estradiol-17? (E 2-17?) on the induction of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT). Methods Ten-week old female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX). EAT of Wistar rats was induced by immunization with thyroglobulin (Tg) from SD rats in the presence of complete Freund′s adjuvant. Thyroiditis was pathologically evaluated by HE staining. E 2-17? and PRL levels were measured by RIA, anti-Tg antibody (TgAb) was detected by ELISA, and interferon (IFN)-?, interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA in thyroid were assayed by RT-PCR. Results The serum level of E 2-17? (17.60?1.02)pmol/L and PRL (2.45?0.15)?g/L were much lower in OVX rats than intact rats 〔(58.56?6.99)pmol/L and (3.22?0.17)?g/L, respectively〕 (both P

Objective To prepare insulin thiolated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (Ins-HA-Cys-NPs)and study its physicochemical properties. Methods The Ins-HA-Cys-NPs was prepared by ultrasonic emulsifying method,and the properties of nanoparticles including morphology,mean diameter,Zeta potential,entrapment efficiency and drug loading efficiency were studied,as well as the cryoprotectant selection.Results The prepared nanoparticles was round in appearance and the mean diameter was(178.5 ±0.8)nm,the polydispersity index was (0.214 ±0.013)and the Zeta potential was -(38.47 ±0.46 )mV,while the entrapment efficiency was (48.85 ±0.66 )%,drug loading efficiency was (4.79 ±0.13 )%;10%mannitol as cryoprotectant provided uniform and well dispersed suspension of nanoparticles with blue opalescence after redispersion.Conclusion The thiolated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles may be used as the carrier for oral drug delivery system of insulin,and it provides a basis for studies on rats in vivo.

Objective To explore the effect of shifting the little finger abductor muscle and cutting open the metatarsophalangeal joint dorsal articular capsule to improve the appearance and function of reconstructed thumb.Methods From August 2007 to May 2012,twelve cases of Ⅳ°or Ⅴ°defect of thumb were repaired by free transplantation of the second toes with metatarsophalangeal joint.During operation,using the abductor muscle of little finger to reconstruct palmar opposition function,cutting open the joint capsule of metatarsophalangeal joint,adjusting the tension of the joint by the little finger abductor muscle and toe short extensor muscles,which were used to improve the appearance and function of reconstructed thumb.Results Twelve reconstructed thumbs all survived.Followed up from 6 to 24 months,the appearance and function were improved obviously.According to the evaluation trial standards,nine cases were optimal and 3 cases were good.Conclusion The shift of the little finger abductor muscle could reconstruct palmar opposition function,combined with metatarsophalangeal joint dorsal articular capsule incision and adjusting joint tension,could improve the appearance and function of reconstructed thumb.The effect of operation was satisfied.

Objective To explore the relationships among organization climate,psychological empowerment and job embeddedness by using path analysis.Methods A total of 514 clinical nurses from 26 departments in 3 hospitals were recruited by convenience cluster sampling method and investigated with demography questionnaire,Nurses Organizational Climate Scale,Psychological Empowerment Scale and Job Embeddedness Scale.Results The mean scores of organization climate,psychological empowerment and job embeddedness was (3.01±0.46),(3.27±0.44),(3.08±0.39).The predictors of job embeddedness of nurses were resources support,work experience,human resources management,marital status,job title,management support,quality management,and self-egicacy,explained 48.9％ of its variance; organization climate,psychological empowerment had direct positive influence on nurses' job embeddedness,explained 33.3％ of its variance.Conclusions Improvement and maintenance of sound organizational climate,increase the sense of psychological empowerment of nurses,are effective ways and means to increase the degree of job embedding of nurses.

To refine and analyze the characteristics and laws of acupoint selection in treatment of hyperlipidemia with acupuncture and moxibustion. By retrieving the main databases of Chinese and English version, the clinical research literature is included on the definite acupoints for hyperlipidemia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion, and the characteristics and laws are analyzed on the acupoint selection for hyperlipidemia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. It is found out that the special points have been mainly used in treatment of hyperlipidemia. The first five top acupoints of high frequency use include Fenglong (ST 40), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Neiguan (PC 6) and Tianshu (ST 25). Totally 10 meridians are involved in acupoint prescriptions. The meridians of higher frequency use include the Stomach Meridian, the Spleen Meridian, the Conception Vessel, the Bladder Meridian and the Pericardium Meridian. The specific points are mainly from the Stomach Meridian, the Spleen Meridian, the Conception Vessel, the Bladder Meridian and the Pericardium Meridian in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The acupoint prescription of acupuncture and moxibustion for hyperlipidemia is characterized as determining the treating principle based on the spleen theory, selecting the acupoints along the running courses of the spleen and stomach meridians, combining the nearby acupoints with the distal ones, selecting the acupoints for adjusting the deficiency and excess of zangfu and syndrome differentiation, collaborating the acupoints located in the front and on the back, as well as supplementing the acupoints based on symptoms.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; therapy ; Moxibustion

24 cases of renal failure induced by chemotherapy were treated with Wuling powder plus additives.Theresult of clinical amelioration was 87.5%.with a to-tal effective yielded marked actions of promoting ap-petite in animals,lowering serum urea nitrogen,cre-atinine,2 microglobulin.It also decreased the inhibi-tion of PDD on the enzyme activity of renal Na~+—K~+ATP.Microscopic exam revealed the pathological le-sion of kidney to be milder in the tested group.

Objective To investigate the influence of acupuncture on learning and memorial function and the expression of BDNF in prefrontal cortex of rats with sleep deprivation (SD), for providing theoretical evidence for treating sleep deprivation with acupuncture.Method Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, and an acupuncture group, 20 rats in each group. SD models were established by the modified multiple platform methods; the acupuncture group was intervened by acupuncture at Shenmen (HT 7); while the control group was left intact. Respectively after SD for 24 h and 72 h, the learning and memorial function was tested by using Morris water maze. Ten the rats were sacrificed to collect brain for detecting the expression of BDNF in prefrontal cortex via immunohistochemical method.Result The body weight, learning and memorial function, and the expression of BDNF in prefrontal cortex of the acupuncture group and model group were significantly different from those of the control group after SD for 24 h and 72 h (P<0.05). The learning and memorial function of the acupuncture group was significantly different from that of the model group after SD for 24 h and 72 h (P<0.05). The body weight and expression of BDNF in prefrontal cortex of the acupuncture group were significantly different from those of the model group after SD for 72 h (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can obviously improve the decline of the function of learning and memory of the SD rats, and also up-regulate the declined expression of BDNF in prefrontal cortex caused by SD.