Objective To test the possibility that the thoracic defomity is a risk factor of the diopathic pneumothorax in youth by making a statistical analysis of the thoracic sagittal diameter and transverse diameter ratio in patients and normal people. To study the correlation between this ratio and age of the patients. Methods 107 cases of idiopathic pneumothorax were taken as subjects and other 105 cases in' the same period with normal pneumothorax were used as the control group. T-test,correlation study and scottered spot maps were made based on the ratio of vertical and horizontal diameters,the mean and the age. Results The mean thorax aspect ration( MTAR) of the patients with spontaneous pneumothorax was 0.38, and MTAR in normal people was 0.44, indicating a statistical significance ( P < 0.01) of the difference of MTAR between the two groups. The age of the patients' first onset age and the ratio of vertical and horizontal diameter was positively correlated. Conclusion Thoracic deformity of idiopathic pneumothorax had a higher incidence in young people,and there was a positive correlation between of the age of their first onset and the ratio of vertical and horizontal tracks.

Kunming mice were infected by feeding 150?5 larvae of Trichinella spiralis,established was also a normal control group.Blood was collected from the ophthalmic venous plexus respectively on 7 d,21 d,35 d and 49 d after infection and IL-12 in the serum was detected by ELISA.The level of IL-12 in serum decreased in groups of 7 d,21 d,and 35 d,with a significant difference to the control(P0.05),suggesting that the serum IL-12 of the Trichinella spiralis-infected mice significantly decreased at the earlier stage but approached to normal at a later stage.

Objective To investigate effect of the venom peptide liquor on adjunctive arthritis (AA) in mice .Methods The male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups ,named as the control group ,model group ,positive control group(1 mg/kg dex-amethason) ,wine group(10 mL/kg) ,low dosage of venom peptide liquor group(8 .3 mL/kg) and high dosage of venom peptide liq-uor group(33 .2 mL/kg);the right toes ,ankle diameter and whole body weight were measured at 7-day intervals ;the spleen index , serum level of circulating immune complexes(CIC) were determined after the thirty-fourth day when the mice was put to death .Re-sults The level of CIC in AA mice decreased significantly (P<0 .05) ,the decrease of spleen index and the reduction of toe and an-kle swelling in the low dose group were significant(P<0 .01) .Conclusion The venom peptide liquor exhibited apparent inhibitory effect on AA in mice .

Objective To assess the protective effect of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on rat liver subjected to bile duct obstruction. Methods Thirty rats were divided randomly into three groups, which were sham-operation group (SO group), bile duct ligation control group (Con group) and bortezomib group (Bor group). All rats in the Con group underwent ligation of the common bile duct, and rats in the Bor group were given bortezomib intrabominally at-1 d, 4 d post-ligation of the common bile duct. All the rats were sacrificed at 7 d post-surgery. ALT, TB and TBA levels were determined. The expression of NF-κB p65 was assessed using immunohistological staining. RT-PCR was employed to detect TNF-α mRNA levels in liver samples. Results There was no significance in the levels of TB and TBA between Con and Bor groups. The ALT revel in the Bor group [(92.4±21.4)μmol/L]was significantly lower than that in the Con group [(145.7 ±33.5) μmol/L], P＜0.05. The positive staining rate of NF-κB p65 subunit in the Bor group showed significant lower value (11.6% ±2.7 % ) compared to that in the Con group (15.5 %±4.3 % ), P＜0.05. The expression ratio of TNF-α mRNA in the Bor group was 1.0± 0. 2, which also significantly lower than that in the Con group (1.3±0.4), P＜0. 05. Conclusion These data suggest that the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib reduces rat hepatocyte injury in the bile duct ligation by mechanisms associated with the inhibition of NF-κB as well as the attenuation of inflammation.

Objective To research the relationship between free/total prostate specific antigen (f/t PSA), PSA density(PSAD) and prostate cancer(PCa), to explore healthy middle and old-aged,the patients with BPH, the scope of reference value of PSA,frce PSA(fPSA), f/t PSA and PSAD in patients serum with PCa. Methods To de-tect 307 cases of healthy gerontism male,236 of BHP and 41 of PSA and fPSA in patients with PCa,to calcuLate f/t PSA and PSAD, to investigate the dependability between PSA ,I"PSA ,f/t PSA ,P SAD and healthy male, the patients ofBHP,the PCa ,to determine the scope of reference value PSA,fPSA,f/t PSA and PSAD fitting for Chinese. Results PSA and fPSA in patients with PCa are obviously higher than normal control(P <0.01). f/t PSA is obviously lower than the BPH and normal control(P < 0.01). When PSA is 9.25 and f/t PSA is 20%, there are better value of clini-cal diagnosis,when PSAD is 0.18 (AUC = 0.635), we can get best aceuration of diagnosis. Conclusions f/t PSA and PSAD are better than PSA in clinical diagnosis. When PSA is more than 9.25,f/t PSA is less than 20% or PSAD is more than 0.18 is significance for diagnosis. The normal reference value of PSA less than 9.25,f/t PSA more than 20%, PSAD less than 0.18 is fit for Chinese.

AIM:To observe the effects and mechanisms of hydroxyethylstarch (HES) 130/0.4 on no-reflow phenomenon after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rats.METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham operation group , ischemia-reperfusion ( IR, treated with normal saline ) group, normal saline ischemia-reperfusion (NS-IR, treated with NS) group and HES ischemia-reperfusion (HES-IR, treated with HES) group.Myocardial infarct size and no-reflow range were determined by staining methods , and the activities of myocardial enzymes ( CK-MB, cTnI and MPO) were measured .Meanwhile , cardiac microvascular endothelial cells of the rat were cultured and divided into 4 groups:control group, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) group, NS-H/R group and HES-H/R group.Acute ischemia reper-fusion models were simulated , and the concentration of calcium ions was measured .The relative cell activity was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, and the apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry .RESULTS:In HES-IR group, the myocardial in-farct size, the no-reflow zone, CK-MB, cTnI and MPO activity were all significantly lower than those in IR group ( P<0.05).In microvascular endothelial cells , the concentration of calcium ions and the apoptotic rate in HES-H/R group were significantly decreased, while the relative cell activity increased compared with H/R group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:HES reduces no-reflow in acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion .The mechanism may be involved in the inhibition of both the infiltration of neutrophils and the calcium overload of endothelial cells .

Objective To investigate the current status of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and antimicrobial usage,so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the management of HAI. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted by combination of bedside visiting and medical records reviewing,HAI were investigated among all hospitalized patients between 0:00 and 24:00 on August 21 ,2014.Results A total of 2 216 patients were investiga-ted,the prevalence rate of HAI was 4.83% ,the case infection rate was 5.14% ;the main infection site was lower respiratory tract(63.16% ),antimicrobial usage rate was 39.71% ,the proportion of prophylactic and therapeutic use of antimicrobial agents was 32.27% and 61 .71% respectively.596 patients received therapeutic antimicrobial use,specimen detection rate was 56.21% (n= 335),the detection rate of pathogens was 15.52% (n= 52). The ma-jor detected bacteria were Pseudomonasaeruginosa,Klebsiellapneumoniae,Acinetobacterbaumannii,Escherichia coli,and Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia.Conclusion HAI prevalence survey is helpful for realizing the occurrence of HAI,respiratory tract is the main infection site,gram-negative bacteria is the major pathogen,management of prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents is the focus of HAI management.

BACKGROUND:Primary human lung epithelial cel s are difficult to be isolated and cultured in vitro, which is characterized as limited sources, low cel viability, slow proliferation capacity, and lacking of differentiation capability.
OBJECTIVE:To establish an air-liquid interface model of lung epithelium by in vitro proliferation of human bronchiolar epithelial cel s, which is used for research on function of lung epithelial cel s.
METHODS:Primary human bronchiolar epithelial cel s were isolated using Pronase and DNase I combined digestive methods, and then proliferated using medium containing ROCK kinase inhibitor. The proliferated cel s were used for establishment of the air-liquid interface epithelium model. Cel differentiation was identified using scanning electron microscope, phase contrast microscope and immunofluorescent staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The primary human bronchiolar epithelial cel s could be expanded successful y using medium containing ROCK kinase inhibitor, and the basal cel marker Cytokeratin14 was preferential y expressed in the proliferated cel population, indicating that these basal cel s might be the main subpopulation of human lung epithelial stem cel s. Subsequently, the proliferated cel s under the air-liquid interface could differentiate into ciliated cel s and non-ciliated column cel s. The results suggest that the proliferation and differentiation of human bronchiolar epithelial cel s were maintained in the presence of ROCK kinase inhibitor, and the air-liquid interface could promote the differentiation of human bronchiolar epithelial cel s.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of total triterpenoid from Prunella vulgaris L. ( TTP) on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats and its mecha-nism. Methods Rat liver fibrosis was induced by 50% CCl4 twice a week for 12 weeks. From the 5th week, all the therapeutic groups were treated with the TTP(25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 ) and the colchicine (0. 1 mg· kg-1 ) respectively once a day for 8 weeks. At the end of the twelfth week, the levels of ALT, AST, HA, PCⅢ, CⅣ, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, Hyp were measured . HE and Masson staining were used to evalu-late the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The mRNA expres-sion ofα-SMA, procollagen I, Smad2, Smad3, Smad7 in liver was detected by RT-PCR, and the p-ERK pro-tein expression was evaluated by Western blot. Results Compared with the model group, TTP(25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 ) not only reduced serum content of ALT, AST, HA, PCⅢ, CⅣand Hyp, MDA in liver tissue, improved the morphologic changes of hepatic fibrosis, but also increased SOD and GSH-Px activity. Moreo-ver, it decreased the α-SMA, procollagen I, Smad2, Smad3 mRNA expression and increased Smad7 mRNA expression in liver tissues obviously. Furthermore, TTP reduced the protein expression of p-ERK. Conclusions TTP can protect rats from CCl4-induced liver fibro-sis. The mechanism of this process may involve inhibi-ting the expression of p-ERK and interference with TGF-β1/Smad signal transduction pathway.

AIM:To detect the endogenous expression of B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 member B (BCL6B) in FHC and LoVo cells, and to investigate the effects of BCL6B on proliferation and migration of LoVo cells for further explo-ring the underlying mechanism .METHODS:The endogenous expression of BCL 6B in the FHC and LoVo cells was detec-ted by RT-PCR and Western blot .The methods of MTT assay , colony formation assay , wound healing assay and Transwell chamber experiment were employed to examine the biological functions of BCL 6B in the LoVo cells.The mRNA and protein levels of BCL6B, cyclin D1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 ( MMP-9) were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot , re-spectively.The level of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) was detected by Western blot.RESULTS:BCL6B ex-pression was notably repressed in the LoVo cells as compared with the FHC cells , which were significantly increased by transfection with pcDNA3.1-BCL6B.The abilities of proliferation and migration of the LoVo cells at 72 h were inhibited by 28.33%(P<0.01) and 36.11%(P<0.05) in BCL6B group.The mRNA levels of cyclin D1 and MMP-9 in the cells of BCL6B group were decreased by 39.90%(P<0.01) and 77.36% (P <0.05), and the protein levels of cyclin D1, MMP-9 and p-AKT were reduced by 44.00%(P<0.05), 47.06%(P<0.01) and 32.88% (P<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION:BCL6B inhibits proliferation and migration of the LoVo cells , and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is in-volved in this process .