Objective The microcapsules were prepared by using chitosan and sodium alginate as wall materials,and the controlled-release microcapsulas of interferon tau were hoped to be develop an oral interferon preparation.Methods The microcapsules were prepared by using syringe hand-made drop.In the process of dropping,speed and distance were the major factors which influence the form of microcapsules.Results Chitosanalginate microcapsules which was prepared simple and fast had high encapsulation rate and extended-release effect in intestine.Conclusion Chitosan-alginate microcapsules have the potential to be used to prepare interferon tau and other protein medicines.

Aim To investigate the effect of p38 MAPK AS-ODNs on the expression of GLT-1 during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP).Methods Eighty healthy male Wistar rats with permanent occlusion of the bilateral vertebral arteries were randomly divided into 6 groups: ①Sham group (n=10);②CIP group (n=10);③ischemic insult (Ⅱ) group (n=10);④CIP+Ⅱ group (n=10);⑤p38 MAPK AS-ODNs+CIP+Ⅱ group (n=30);⑥p38 MAPK S-ODNs+CIP+Ⅱ group (n=10).Group ⑤ was divided into 5 nmol, 10 nmol and 15 nmol subgroups according to the dose of p38 MAPK AS-ODNs (n=10).The dose of p38 MAPK S-ODNs was 15 nmol.All the rats were sacrificed 6 h and 2 d after the sham operation or the last time of global brain ischemia reperfusion.Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used for detecting the expression of p-p38 MAPK and GLT-1 protein.Results CIP moderately up-regulated the expression of p-p38 MAPK and significantly up-regulated the expression of GLT-1 protein, inhibited the excessively up-regulation of p-p38 MAPK and the down-regulation of GLT-1 induced by ischemic insult.p38 MAPK AS-ODNs significantly inhibited the up-regulation of p-p38 MAPK and GLT-1 protein in a dose-dependent manner during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance by CIP.Conclusion p38 MAPK AS-ODNs inhibit the up-regulation of GLT-1 during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP.

Objective To establish and verify the personalized reference interval of blood cells.Methods The results of blood cells from 2 089 health subjects in 2014,2015 and 2016 were collected.The ratio of the later results to the previous results was defined as the fluctuation (λ).The ratio (λ1) of the results of 2015 to the results of 2014 was calculated and λ1 was analyzed statistically to establish the fluctuation reference interval (CIλ).The ratio (λ2) of the results of 2016 to the results of 2015 was calculated.λ2 was used to verify λ2.The personalized reference interval (CIp) was established by multiplying each result of 2015 and CIλ.CIp was verified by results of 2016.The ratio of the upper and lower limits of CIp was calculated.The ratio of the upper and lower limits of the reference interval (WS/T 405) was calculated.Results The values of CIλ were as follows:WBC (0.66 to 1.53),L(0.67 to 1.51),M (0.50 to 2.00),N(0.56 to 1.78),E(0.4 to 2.51),PLT(0.76 to 1.32),RBC(0.92 to 1.12),Hb(0.92 to 1.11),Hct(0.91 to 1.12),MCV(0.95 to 1.07),MCH(0.95 to 1.05)and MCHC(0.94 to 1.06).The validation tests of CIλ and CIp showed that both CIλ and CIp were suitable for this laboratory.Compared with the reference interval of professional criteria,the ratio of the upper and lower limits of the CIp was smaller than that of traditional criteria.Conclusion CIp for this laboratory was established and verified.Compared with traditional criteria,CIp should be more personalized and highly sensitive.

Objective? To investigate the mental health of nurses at the maternity and children hospital, analyze the causes of unhealthy psychology and put forward measures, so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting their physical and mental health. Methods? From 3rd November 2017 to 10th November 2017, we selected 220 nurses of departments met the inclusion criteria at a district level maternity and children hospital in Beijing by cluster sampling. The Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to evaluate the scores each factor, and t test as well as analysis of variance were used to data statistics. Results? Comparing the scores each factor of SCL-90 between group of nurses and normal group of nurses, the scores of five factors including somatization, obsessive-compulsive disease, hostility, phobic and psychotic of nurses were higher than those of normal group with statistical differences (P＜ 0.05);there were no statistical differences in the scores of interpersonal sensibility, depression, anxiety and paranoid thoughts (P＞0.05) . Comparing the scores of SCL-90 of nurses in different departments, the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive disease, interpersonal sensibility, depression and anxiety of pediatric nurses were higher than those of gynaecology and obstetrics nurses (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? The level mental health of nurses at the maternity and children hospital is lower than that of nurse group. Besides, the level of psychological problem of pediatric nurses is higher than that of gynaecology and obstetrics nurses which may be related to the major responsibility, heavy task and high pressure.

OBJECTIVE: To explore new methods for laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula. METHODS: Five patients with vesicovaginal fistula in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, were reviewed retrospectively from May 2013 to July 2014. All patients underwent laparoscopic repair surgery, and the surgical methods were analyzed. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay time were recorded. The duration of follow-up was from 4 to 12 months. RESULTS: Th e surgical procedures for all 5 patients were successful. No open surgery was required. The operative time was 70~120 (mean: 97) min, the intraoperative blood loss was 40~70 (mean: 54) mL, the hospital stay time was 4~8 (mean: 5.8) days. During the follow up of 4~12 (mean: 7.6) months, no recurrence was observed. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula is a feasible and safe and effective procedure with less blood loss and shorter recovery time, which can minimize surgery damage and improve successful rate.
Blood Loss, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vesicovaginal Fistula ; surgery

Objective: The study aimed to review the oncological characteristics and treatment of pregnancy-associated cancers and analyze the obstetric and neonatal outcomes to provide evidence-based recommendations for reproductive function preservation, oncological treatment, and obstetric management. Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study among pregnant patients with cancer in 7 Chinese tertiary A hospitals from 2003 to 2021. We conducted multiple logistic regression to determine the influence of various factors on preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age infants, log-binomial regression to analyze temporal changes, and χ 2 tests to explore the effects of cancer type/treatment. Results: Of 204 women, 17% terminated their pregnancies; 59% received pre-delivery treatment. Every 6 years, the rates of pregnancy termination (relative risk [RR]=0.48;95% confidence interval [CI]=0.35–0.67) and iatrogenic preterm births (RR=0.73; 95% CI=0.54–0.98) reduced, and that of pre-delivery treatment increased, mainly due to increased rates of surgery (RR=1.87; 95% CI=1.31–2.67). Maternal systemic diseases were related to small-for-gestational-age infants (odds ratio [OR]=12.02; 95% CI=1.82–79.43).Chemotherapy with taxanes plus platinum-based agents was related to adverse obstetric outcomes (OR=1.87; 95% CI=1.42–2.46; p<0.05). Thyroid (OR=0.36; 95% CI=0.22–0.57) and ovarian cancer (OR=0.70; 95% CI=0.50–0.98) were associated with fewer cesarean sections.Thyroid cancer was associated with fetal growth restriction (OR=5.21; 95% CI=1.21–22.55). Conclusion Rates of pregnancy termination in cancer declined. Taxane plus platinum-based chemotherapy was associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. Cancer type influenced outcomes.

Objective To characterize the urinary microbial profile of male non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients compared to healthy controls.Methods Between March,2017 and September,2017,mid-stream urine from 26 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and 18 non-neoplastic controls were collected by the clean method,then centrifuged and processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Sequencing reads were processed for evaluating alpha diversity and beta diversity using QIIME.LEfSe algorithm was performed to identify potential bacterial genera biomarker.Results The smoking cases were more in tumor group than those in control group(21 vs.7,P ＜ 0.01).The urinary microenvironment of bladder cancer was characterized by increased bacterial richness (Observed species index,Chaol index and Ace index,125.77 ± 69.64 vs.80.38 ± 46.24;142.82 ± 76.74 vs.90.68 ± 47.62;and 147.92 ± 77.68 vs.88.19 ± 45.38,all P ＜ 0.05) and by the enrichment of some bacterial genera (e.g.,Acinetobacter and Anaerococcus).Significant difference in β diversity was found between cancer and non-cancer group (ANOSIM,P =O.009).A clear hierarchical clustering of cancer samples was observed,suggesting a common dysbiosis associated to bladder cancer.Conclusions Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer exhibit a different microbial community compared to non-neoplastic controls,suggesting a possible pathophysiological correlation between microbiome and bladder cancer.Urinary microbial community may be associated with the prognosis of NMIBC.

Space-occupying brain edema is a life-threatening complication in patients with cerebellar infarction, which occurs in 17-54% of the patients. The level of consciousness should be monitored closely and the changes of CT/MRI should be followed up for cerebellar infarction patients with a higher risk of deterioration. Ventriculostomy/extraventricular drainage and suboccipital decompressive craniectomy should be performed in space-occupying cerebellar infarction patients with clinical deterioration.

Anlotinib has strong antiangiogenic effects and leads to vessel normalization.However,the"window period"characteristic in regulating vessel normalization by anlotinib cannot fully explain the long-term survival benefits achieved through combining it with other drugs.In this study,through RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)and label-free quantitative proteomics analysis,we discovered that anlotinib regulated the expression of components of the extracellular matrix(ECM),leading to a significant reduction in ECM stiffness.Our bioinformatic analysis revealed a potential positive relationship between the ECM pathway and gefitinib resistance,poor treatment outcomes for programmed death 1(PD-1)targeting,and unfavourable prognosis following chemotherapy in lung cancer patients.We administered anlotinib in combination with these antitumour drugs and visualized their distribution using fluorescent labelling in various tumour types.Notably,our results demonstrated that anlotinib prolonged the retention time and distribution of antitumour drugs at the tumour site.Moreover,the combination therapy induced notable loosening of the tumour tissue structure.This reduction was associated with decreased interstitial fluid pressure and tumour solid pressure.Additionally,we observed that anlotinib effectively suppressed the Ras homologue family member A(RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK)signalling pathway.These findings suggest that,in addition to its antiangiogenic and vessel normalization effects,anlotinib can increase the distribution and retention of antitumour drugs in tumours by modulating ECM expression and physical properties through the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway.These valuable insights contribute to the development of combination therapies aimed at improving tumour targeting in cancer treatment.

Objective: To investigate the influence of qigong on late positive potential, which was elicited by affective pictures.Methods: College students who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly allocated to the qigong group, which received a four-week training (n=41) or the control group (n=41). All participants were assessed before and after the training for event-related potential, which was elicited by negative, neutral, and positive pictures. Electrodes at the centerline position of the frontal area (FCz), parietal area (Pz), and occipital area (Oz) were analyzed. Results: Negative, neutral, and positive pictures demonstrated statistically significant differences on FCz (P<.001), Pz (P<.001), and Oz (P<.001). The interaction between the group factor and time factor was statistically significant on Pz (P =.028). The pairwise comparison of Pz on the time factor and group factor showed that the amplitudes of the qigong group after training were smaller than before (P<.001), and the amplitudes of the control group were not statistically significant (P=.355). Conclusion: Our results supported the conclusion that qigong practices could affect the emotional regulation of college students. Qigong exercise weakens the emotional regulation of late positive po-tential, which is sensitive to top-down affective modulation. The findings imply that the regulating effect of qigong on emotions may be part of the reason why it is effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms.