Objective To observe the protective effect of rhein-arginine (RhA) on rats ankylenteron and to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism. Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group,model group,dexamethasone group (in the dose of 10 mg?kg-1) and low-,medium-and high-dose RhA groups (in the dose of 7.5 mg?kg-1,15 mg?kg-1,30 mg?kg-1 respectively). Except that the normal control group,the rats in other groups were induced ankylenteron. Intraperitoneal injection of saline was administered to the rats in the normal control group and the model group,and dexamethasone group and RhA groups were given the corresponding drugs according to the experimental design. The treatment lasted 7 days. On the 8th day after surgery the blood samples of each group were collected. The levels of interleukin-1?(IL-1?),interleukin-4(IL-4)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-a)were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Grades of ntestinal adhesion were ranked by macroscopic observation. The adhesive tissues between cecum and abdominal wall were taken for pathological observation and the determination of hydroxyproline (Hyp) content. Results RhA significantly relieved the experimental intestinal adhesion,Obviously decreased the levels of IL-1?and TNF-?,and inhibited the hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue. However,there was no significant impact on the level of IL-4. Conclusion RhA can effectively prevent the information of postoperative ankylenteron by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and reducing the inflammatory response.

According to the infection characteristics of batches of patients with extensive burns in dust explosion, the article focused on the concept and mode of whole-range fine management.Based on the characteristics and rules of infection prevention in bat-ches of patients with extensive burns, the measurement and examination of infection management were refined, the infection monitoring indexes were designed scientifically, the infection prevention scheme and monitoring table were formulated.By early and whole-range intervention of infection prevention, quantitative evaluation, fine management and precise control at different times, all levels of infec-tion management teams could fully serve their purposes in order to realize effective infection prevention.

Objective To investigate the effects of TFF3 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of colorectal cancer HT29 cells and the mechanisms involved in cancer metastasis. Methods HT29 cells were transfected with pIRES2-TFF3, and the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins related to TFF3 gene, TWIST1/TRIB3 signaling pathway, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of HT29 cells were detected by the CCK-8, cell scratch, and Transwell assays. Changes in cell morphology after TFF3 overexpression were observed through transmission electron microscopy. Results After the HT29 cells were transfected with pIRES2-TFF3, the expression levels of TFF3 mRNA and protein significantly increased (P<0.01); cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly enhanced (P<0.01); and the expression of related genes, such as TWIST1, TRIB3, Vimentin, and Snail were significantly upregulated. By contrast, the expression of E-cadherin significantly decreased (P<0.05). Various changes in cell morphology were observed after TFF3 overexpression, such as decrease in cell junctions, loss of cilia, formation of pseudopodia, and increase in fusiform cells. Conclusion TFF3 overexpression may promote EMT in colorectal cancer cells through the Twist1/TRIB3 signaling pathway, increase their metastatic potential, and accelerate the malignant progression of colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo observe the inhibitory effect of citrus extract nobiletin on K562 cells xenograft in nude mice and discuss its anticancer activity and mechanism.

METHODThe model of K562 cells xenograft was established in nude mice. Twenty-five nude mice were divided to five groups. After 24 hrs of inoculation with K562 tumor cells subcutaneously, 1% CMC-Na in the nude mice of model control group, nobiletin (12.5, 25, 50 mg x kg(-1)) in the nude mice of nobiletin groups and CTX (20 mg x kg(-1)) in positive control group were administered once every day. The nude mice were killed at 18th day-point of administration. The inhibitory rate of nobiletin on tumor was calculated according to the measured tumor weight. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to determine the effect of nobiletin on VEGF expression and MVD, and CAM assay was used to detect the effect of nobiletin on vessel regeneration.

RESULTNobiletin have notable inhibition on K562 cells xenograft in nude mice comparing with model control group (P < 0.01), the inhibitory rate of nobiletin groups were 36% -58%. The results of immunohistochemical technology showed that the expression of VEGF in nobiletin groups decreased significantly comparing with the model control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01). Nobiletin could remarkably decrease the angiogenesis within tumor tissues. The expression of CD34 in nobiletin low dose group and high dose group was lower than that in model control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The result of CAM indicated that 4 microg and 2 microg nobiletin could inhibit the new blood vessels of CAM (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNobiletin inhibited the tumor growth and angiogenesis by reducing the VEGF expression of K562 cells xenograft in nude mice.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Citrus ; chemistry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flavones ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; genetics ; metabolism

Genomic disorders caused by pathogenic copy number variation (pCNV) have proven to underlie a significant proportion of birth defects. With technological advance, improvement of bioinformatics analysis procedure, and accumulation of clinical data, non-invasive prenatal screening of pCNV (NIPS-pCNV) by high-throughput sequencing of maternal plasma cell-free DNA has been put to use in clinical settings. Specialized standards for clinical application of NIPS-pCNV are required. Based on the discussion, 10 pCNV-associated diseases with well-defined conditions and 5 common chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes are recommended as the target of screening in this consensus. Meanwhile, a standardized procedure for NIPS-pCNV is also provided, which may facilitate propagation of this technique in clinical settings.
Aneuploidy ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/genetics* ; Consensus ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

The occurrence of benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH)was related to disrupted sex steroid hormones,and metformin(Met)had a clinical response to sex steroid hormone-related gynaecological disease.How-ever,whether Met exerts an antiproliferative effect on BPH via sex steroid hormones remains unclear.Here,our clinical study showed that along with prostatic epithelial cell(PEC)proliferation,sex steroid hormones were dysregulated in the serum and prostate of BPH patients.As the major contributor to dysregulated sex steroid hormones,elevated dihydrotestosterone(DHT)had a significant positive rela-tionship with the clinical characteristics of BPH patients.Activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)by Met restored dysregulated sex steroid hormone homeostasis and exerted antiproliferative effects against DHT-induced proliferation by inhibiting the formation of androgen receptor(AR)-mediated Yes-associated protein(YAP1)-TEA domain transcription factor(TEAD4)heterodimers.Met's anti-proliferative effects were blocked by AMPK inhibitor or YAP1 over-expression in DHT-cultured BPH-1 cells.Our findings indicated that Met would be a promising clinical therapeutic approach for BPH by inhibiting dysregulated steroid hormone-induced PEC proliferation.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Tongxie yaofang reducing colon hypermotility in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea （IBS-D） rats by regulating gut microbiota-enteric nervous system （ENS）-muscularis macrophages （MM） crosstalk. METHODS Forty newborn male SD rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， TCM group [Tongxie yaofang 2.68 g/（kg·d）， calculated by raw material]， and positive control group [Live combined bifidobacterium and lactobacillus tablets 0.27 g/（kg·d）]， with 10 rats in each group. Except for the control group， the IBS-D model of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome was induced in the other 3 groups with the method of mother-child separation+chronic restraint+Folium Sennae- induced diarrhea. After modeling， the administration groups were given relevant drug liquid intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 2 weeks. At the end of modeling and after administration， the fecal properties （the incidence and the rate of loose stools）， colonic motility （colon emptying time）， and visceral sensitivity [abdominal withdrawal reflex （AWR） scores under different pressures] of rats were observed in each group. The concentration of lipopolysaccharide （LPS） in serum was detected after medication， and the expressions and distribution of bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP2）， colony stimulating factor 1 （CSF1） and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） in colon tissue were detected； the diversity， species composition and differences of gut microbiota were also determined. RESULTS At the end of modeling， compared with the control group， all rats of the other three groups suffered from loose stools （100%）， the rate of loose stools and AWR scores at different pressures increased significantly， and colon emptying time was shortened significantly （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. The incidences of loose stools were 20% in TCM group and 80% in the positive control group； the rate of loose stools and AWR scores at different pressures， serum concentration of LPS and protein expressions of CSF1 and TLR4 in muscle layer of colon tissue in TCM group significantly decreased， compared with the model group； colon emptying time， the average optical density of BMP2 protein in muscle layer of colon tissue， and the indexes of Chao 1， Shannon and Faith’s PD and Simpson E-mail：772699670@qq.com index of rats in TCM group were all prolonged or increased significantly， compared with the model group （P＜0.01 or P＜ E-mail：aiwangzi312@163.com 0.05）. The relative abundance ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes， from low to high， was in the order of TCM group， control group， positive control group and model group； the species composition of gut microbiota in TCM group was closer to control group， with dominant bacterial genera including Prevotella and Blautia. CONCLUSIONS Tongxie yaofang can regulate the expressions of BMP2 and CSF1， the key proteins of gut microbiota-ENS-MM crosstalk， by changing the gut microbiota， thus alleviating the abnormal hyperfunction of colon motility in IBS-D rats.