The birth rate of very low birth weight(VLBW)is rising year by year,and its survival rate increases with developing of modern methods of neonatal intensive care.The outcomes of VLBW have become a social concern.VLBW have different brain structure compared with term children,mainly in the reduction of brain volume.including the reduction of gray matter volume and white matter vollame.Because of these pathologic changes in brain.some VLBW show severe neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood,including cognitive problems.behavioral and psychological problems,motor clumsiness and so on.

Objective To investigate the function and mechanism of embryonic stem cells against Lewis non-small cell lung cancer in vivo. Methods Based on the mouse Lewis non-small cell lung cancer model, we have tested some tumor growth indexes and investigated the immune response of embryonic stem cells against cancer cells. Results Compared with the mice in control group, mice in experimental group received obvious antitumor immunity, which means more activated lymphocytes and antitumor cytokines, resulted in the effective control and inhibition of tumor development. Conclusion Besides the antitumor effect in vitro, embryonic stem cells can also generates immune response in vivo, which could effectively inhibit and/or delay the development of cancer.

Objective To explore influence of JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway on the apoptosis of HCC cells.Methods DNA-vector-based RNAi approach silence was used to down-regulate STAT3 expression in Bel-7402 cells.According to the STAT3 cDNA sequence in the GeneBank database,the plasmid pGCsi.U6/neoRFP-STAT3 that was designed for expression of STAT3 siRNA was constructed and synthesized,and then transfected into the Bel-7402 cells with iipofectamine 2000.The apoptotic rate was measured with flow cytometry (FCM) and annexinV/PI apoptosis detection kit staining.The mitochondrial membrane potential (BΨm) was visualized by the JC-1 fluorescence staining and the inverted fluorescence microscope.Moreover,the expression of caspase-3 protein was analyzed by Western blotting.Results The apoptotic ratio of STAT3-siRNA group was (38.82 ± 0.88) ％,which was significantly higher than that in other group [control group (9.22 ± 0.38) ％,scramble-siRNA group (16.47 ± 1.04) ％,P ＜ 0.05].The mitochondrial membrane potential of STAT3-siRNA group observed by the JC-1 fluorescence staining was decreased significantly[(91.33 ± 1.78) ％] and [(89.90 ± 1.92) ％ vs (59.06 ± 1.89) ％,P ＜ 0.05].The Western blot results showed that the protein expression of active caspase-3 in STAT3-siRNA group was significantly higher than other groups (0.48 ± 0.05 vs 0.22 ± 0.04 and 0.26 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions STAT3 gene silencing significantly improves the apoptotic effect in the Bel-7402 ceils.

Objective To analyze the histological changes of bone diseases and to investigate the noninvasive measurements for diagnosing renal osteodystrophy (ROD) in maintenance dialysis patients . Methods Ninety-one patients were selected to receive bone biopsy . The bone samples were stained with HE, toluidine blue and Masson, and were examined with light microscopy . The levels of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), osteoprotegerin (OPG),sRANKL and osteocalcin (OCN) were determined in the patients enrolled from 2004 to 2006 . The level of iPTH was measured by radioimmunoassay . OPG and sRANKL were measured by ELISA,and OCN was measured by chemiluminescence . Results The incidence of ROD in the maintenance patients was 100% . According to the histological appearance, 50 cases (54 .9%) were high turnover bone disease (secondary hyperparathyroid bone disease), 9 cases (9 .9%) were low turnover bone diseases(osteomalacia and adynamic bone disease), and 32 cases(35 .2% ) were mixed bone disease . The level of iPTH in patients with ROD was significantly increased compared with healthy controls . It was the lowest in low turnover bone diseases . There was no difference among three types of ROD . OPG level was significantly increased compared with healthy controls [(2176 .58±1576 .08) pmol/L vs (1310 .46±1254 .00) pmol/L, P＜0 .05] . The level in high turnover bone diseases was higher than that of the healthy controls [(2261 .85±1712 .22) pmol/L vs (1310 .46±1254 .00) pmol/L, P＜0 .05] . There was no difference among three types of ROD .sRANKL level in high turnover bone disease was significantly increased compared with healthy controls [(0 .328±0 .524)pmol/L vs (0 .084±0 .190) pmol/L, P＜0 .05] . OCN level was also higher than that of the healthy controls (P＜0 .05), and the OCN level in low turnover ROD was the lowest among three types of ROD . OCN level in mixed ROD was dramatically increased as compared to low turnover ROD [(226 .633±66 .455) pmol/L vs (193 .03±104 .269) pmol/L, P ＜0 .05] .Conclusions The histological changes of bone disease can be indicated by iPTH level, but the types of ROD can not be distinguished according to iPTH level neither be differentiated by the levels of OPG, sRANKL and OCN . Bone histomorphometry is still the golden standard for diagnosing renal osteodystrophy .

AIM:To demonstrate the inhibitoary effects of Longkai Granules(LKG) against experimental prostatic hyperplasia and evaluate its toxicity on animals taking the granules orally. METHODS: The prostate exponent,DNA content in prostate tissue、the activity of acid phosphatase in serum or the wet weight of spermatophores and testicles in normal immature mice and in the hyperplasia model mice induced by subcutaneous injecting testooslerone spropionate or by implanting of the urogenital sinus were determined after administrating of LKG intragastrically to the mice.The single maximum dosage of LKG in mice and its long-term(13 weeks) toxicity in Wistar rats and Beagle dogs in orally was evaluated. RESULTS: LKG could decrease the weights of prostates and DNA content in the tissue in the normal immature mice in the amount of 20 and 40 g/kg once a day.LKG,in the amount of both 10,20 and 40 g/kg for 10 days and 20 and 40 g/kg for 30 days,could inhibit the hyperplasia of ventral prostates in the model mice induced respectively by the injection of testooslerone spropionate and by implanting urogenital sinus.LKG,in the(amount) of 100 g/kg for 13 weeks to Wistar rats,would lead to prostatic atraphy in alight degree,and its epithelial cells change in shape from column to flat and prostatic cavity being small,which did not recover in 4 weeks after stopping administration of tested drug to the animals.The single maximum dosage by ig in mice was 200 g/kg.There was no significant toxicity reaction in rats in the amount of 10,40 and 100 g/kg for 13 weeks or in Beagle dogs in the amount of 12 and 60 g/kg for 13 weeks. CONCLUSION: LKG can inhibit the prostatic hyperplasia and shows no visible toxic reaction in animals orally.

Objective To discuss Bushen Huoxue Prescription mechanism of action on follicular granulosa cell apoptosis of premature ovarian failure (POF) mice. Methods The mouse zona pellucida 3 as the antigen, multi-point injection of subcutaneous immunization BALB/c to female mice was used to establish autoimmune POF model. Forty clean female mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Estradiol Valerate group and Bushen Huoxue Prescription group. All medicine groups were given relevant medicine for gavage, while model and blank groups were given normal saline with the same amount for gavage for 15 days. After the treatment, ovary, uterus, and thymus were weighed, and the viscera index was calculated. An ovarian slice was taken and HE staining was used to observe granulosa cell apoptosis. The levels of E2, LH, and FSH were detected by using the radioimmunoassay method. RT-PCR was used to analyze Fas and Fas-L mRNA expressions in ovarian granulosa cells. Results Compared with blank group, the weight of ovary, thymus, and uterus decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01);Serum E2 level dropped (P<0.01);levels of FSH and LH, and expressions of Fas and Fas-L mRNA increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with model group, granulosa cell apoptosis significantly decreased, and ovary index, uterus index, and thymus index increased (P<0.05);serum E2 level increased (P<0.01);levels of FSH and LH, and expressions of Fas and Fas-L mRNA significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Bushen Huoxue Prescription can decrease expressions of Fas and Fas-L mRNA to inhibit cell apoptosis by adjusting the hormone level of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarianaxis.

Recombinant expression plasmid of pET-28a (+)-goIL-2 was constructed by inserting the goose IL-2 gene without the signal peptide sequence into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+), and transformed into the bacterial competent E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells for expression. After IPTG induction, an expected protein band with molecular weight of 15.0 kD was observed on SDS-PAGE gel, recognized by monoclonal antibody against goose IL-2 in western-blotting assay. In the pET-28a (+) expression system, much of the recombinant goose IL-2 (rgoIL-2) was found in inclusion bodies with a portion of soluble protein. The monomer and multimers of soluble goose interleukin 2 proteins were observed in native electrophoresis. The rgoIL-2 proteins were purified by Ni-NTA column under a native condition. The rgoIL-2 soluble protein monomer was isolated by a quick protein isolation and purification system of AKTA FPLC and identified by native PAGE. Bioactivity analysis showed that the rgoIL-2 monomer stimulated the proliferation of goose lymphocytes in vitro. This will establish a basis for further study about the biological function and clinical application of goose IL-2.
Animals ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Geese ; genetics ; Inclusion Bodies ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Solubility

Respiration-induced displacements of organs greatly affect the safety and efficiency of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) tumor therapy system. The key to solve this problem is accurate, real-time detection of respiratory signals. The present study gives a new design of an interface compatible non-contacting respiratory signal detection system using the method of irradiating the laser beam onto certain region of the surface of human body that is intensely influenced by the breathing movements (mostly the breast or the dorsum) at a certain angle, and meanwhile using a camera to acquire information from the location of the laser projection. Then we can draw a curve of the location of laser projection versus time base, that is the respiration curve. This respiratory signal detection method is non-contacting, interface compatible and easy to be integrated into the treatment system.
Artifacts ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Movement ; Respiration ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Ultrasonography ; methods

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of early combined application of parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition among patients in neurosurgical intensive care unit(NICU).Methods Two hundred fifty-five patients with severe neurological diseases were admitted to NICU of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital from January 1 to August 31 in 2018.The patients were divided into two groups:traditional enteral nutrition group (control group,n=170),who were treated with enteral nutrition management at the early stage,and early combined application of parenteral and enteral nutrition group (experimental group,n=85),who were at first treated with parenteral nutrition since admission and then enteral nutrition management 72 hours later.The differences of Glasgow outcome scale (GOS),incidence of individual adverse reactions,daily average enteral nutrition,human albumin supplement,daily average fluid supplement,pulmonary infection rate,infection time and albumin level during hospitalization between the two groups were compared.The relationship among the course of enteral nutrition,nutrient content,pulmonary infection and serum albumin level in the experimental group were also discussed.The GOS was predicted by decision tree,random forests,nearest neighbor algorithm,adaboost and bagging.Results There was no significant difference between baseline scores after 1∶2 propensity score matching.The dominance ratio of GOS between the two groups was 1.853 (95％CI:1.018-3.385) (P=0.043).The change of albumin level was not related to the choice of nutritional regimen,but was related to the level of consciousness after admission and the level of basic albumin before admission.The level of consciousness in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group,and the fluid infusion volume was decreased while the daily average enteral nutrition and albumin supplementation were increased,the types of adverse reactions occurred more and earlier (P＜0.05).The misjudgment rate of GOS prediction models ranged from 0.482 to 0.606.Conclusions Compared with traditional early enteral nutrition therapy,early combined parenteral nutrition and enteral nutition can improve the prognosis of patients with severe neurological diseases.

Pilot areas have achieved initial success in capitation reform. On the other hand, challenges remain unsolved in terms of practical pathways, change of national medical insurance management system, related measures, incentives and allocative mechanism for implement of the reform. With the concerning on progress, practice, effects and challenges of typical areas, this article established an institutional framework. On such basis, we propose to design and refine a scheme in terms of 5 aspects, namely strengthening the basic medical care packages′financing, setting contents and standard of the basic medical care packages rationally, establishing effective evaluation system and formulating supporting measures.