To briefly look back the fighting history of human against pestilence,we proved that human civilization was developed and perfected in the conflict with pestilence continuously.In the early 21st century,SARS,as a sort of severe acute infectious diseases,indulged in wilful persecution all over the world and brought new panic,crisis and challenges to us.However,modern technological advancement improved human power against natural disasters and plagues,and SARS was prevented and controlled in a short period.These achievements thoroughly showed power of modern technology.

Objective:To discuss the preparation of ~(99m) Tc-labelled antisense oligonucleotide (ASON) and its distribution in breast carcinoma-bearing nude mouse model.Methods:N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine (NHS-MAG_3) was synthesized by one step.A 15-mer single-stranded phosphorothioate ASON complementary to c-erbB2 oncogene mRNA was coupled with NHS-MAG_3 and labelled with ~(99m) Tc subsequently.~(99m)Tc-MAG_3-ASON was purified on a gel filtration column of Sephadex G25,then its stability was evaluated,and finally the distribution was detected in breast carcinoma-bearing nude mice model.Results: The average labeling efficiency of 99mTc-MAG_3-ASON was 70.6%,and the radiochemical purity was 94.3% after being labelled at room temperature for 4h. When incubated with fresh human serum, the radiochemical purity of ~(99m) Tc-MAG_3-ASON was 93.8%. The serum protein binding of ~(99m) Tc-MAG_3-ASON was 11.8%.The highest uptake of breast carcinoma was 6.09%ID/g at 2hs.Conclusion:~(99m)Tc-MAG_3-ASON has desirable stability,higher uptake in breast carcinoma and may provide a new sensitive tool for diagnostic imaging and therapy for breast carcinoma in the future.

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetic properties of 99mTc-labeled chelic polymer of MAG3-ASON.Methods: Chelic polymer of 99mTc-MAG3-ASON was prepared according to former methods.Subsequently,this chelic polymer change of concentration was determined by radioactivity counts per minute(CPM),and its half-life of distribution(T1/2?),the half-life of elimination(T1/2?),the central compartment volume of distribution(Vc),the total apparent volume of distribution(Vd) and the total rate of clearance(CL) were calculated by means of 3P97 software.Finally,its rate of binding to serum protein was measured by trichloroacetic acid precipitation.Results: The T1/2?,the T1/2?,the Vc,the Vd and the CL were 2.11min,95.19min,114.9ml,2430.8ml and 17.7ml/min,respectively.After being incubated with fresh human serum for 1.5h,its rate of binding to serum protein was 11.82%.Conclusion: The process of transportation for chelic polymer of 99mTc-MAG3-ASON in vivo is consistent with two-compartment model and it has desirable pharmacokinetic properties.Therefore,it may be used for diagnostic imaging and therapy of cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of single leaf Asarum himalaicum on the renal function of rabbits. METHODS: Rabbits were divided into three groups. Asarum himalaicum, Asarum heterotropoides and normal saline were intravenously administered to the rabbits of one group respectively. The urine volume per minute, urine pH, urine glucose, protein and red blood cells, BUN, SCr, TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1alpha, TXB2/6-keto-PGF1alpha, endothelin, p-aminohippuric acid clearance rate and phenolsulfonphthalein excretion rate were tested before and after the administration. RESULTS: A certain dosage of single leaf Asarum himalaicum caused acute renal failure in rabbits. The indices tested were significantly different between rabbits administered Asarum himalaicum and normal saline. As compared with the rabbits administered Asarum heterotropoides, the results of indices tested decreased, but without statistical significance, except for SCr. CONCLUSION: The single leaf Asarum himalaicum can cause renal damage to rabbits. Its renal toxicity is lower that that of Asarum heterotropoides.

Objective To investigate the effects of different modes of mechanical ventilation on lung function during open heart surgery in children with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods Twenty-four patients with moderate PH aged 3 mon-12 yr 2mon (group M) and twenty-four patients with severe PH aged 3 mon-7yr 9mon (group S) were further divided randomly into 3 subgroups based on the modes of mechanical ventilation used: pressure-controlled ventilation(PCV) only and alveolar pressure (Palveo) was maintained at 0 cm H2O during CPB (group M1/S1 n = 8); PCV + PEEP (2 cm H2O) and Palveo was maintained at 2 cm H2O during CPB (group M2/S2 n = 8); and PCV+ PEEP (4 cm H2O) and Palveo was maintained at 4 cm H2O during CPB (group M3/S3 n=8). The patients were premedicated with atropine 0.01 mg ?kg -1 and midazolam 0. 1 mg?kg-1 . Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 20?g?kg-1 and vecuronium 0. 1 mg?kg-1 and maintained with vecuronium infusion(70?g?kg-1?h-1 ) and inhalation of N2O-O2 and isoflurane. The children were mechanically ventilated after intubation and the ventilatory parameters were VT = 10-12 ml ?kg-1, F = 20 bpm and I : E = 1: 2. Lungs were lavaged and 2-3 ml of aspirate were taken for determination of surfactant. Total protein (TP), total phospholipid -(TPL), saturated phosphatidylcholine (Sat PC) and respiratory system compliance(Crs) was measured before skin incision( T0 ), before CPB (T,), at the end of CPB ( T2) and at the end of surgery(T3 ) . Results (1) Crs decreased significantly at T2 and T3 as compared with that at T0 and T1 in group M1/S1 and M2/S2 but in group M3/S3 there was no significant difference in Crs between T0, T1 and T2-3. (2) Sat PC/TPL and Sat PC/TP decreased significantly after CPB (T2, T3 ) in group M,/S, and M2/S2 but in group M3/S3 there was no significant difference in Sat PC/TP and Sat PC/TPL between T0-1 and T2-3. Conclusion PEEP 4 cm H2O can effectively prevent postoperative lung function from worsening in children with pulmonary hypertension undergoing open heart surgery with CPB.

Anesthesia plays an essential role in clinical operations. Guiding anesthesia by EEG signals is one of the most promising methods at present and it has obtained good results. The analysis and process of the EEG signals in anesthesia can provide clean signal for further research. This paper used variance threshold method to remove the mutation fast and large interfering signals; and used notch filter to remove frequency interference, smoothing filter to remove baseline drift and Butterworth low-pass filter to remove high frequency noise at the same time. In addition to this, the translation invariant wavelet method to remove interference noise on the signals which was after the classical filter and retained non-stationary characteristics was used to evaluate parameter calculation. By comparing the calculated parameters from treated signal using this paper's methods and untreated signal and standard signal, the standard deviation and correlation has been improved, particularly the major parameters BetaR, which provides better signal for integration of multi-parameter to evaluate depth of anesthesia index for the latter.
Anesthesia ; methods ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

This study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of kaempferol on inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells. The cytotoxicity of kaempferol to HMC-1 mast cells were analyzed by using MTT assay and then the administration concentrations of kaempferol were established. Histamine, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using ELISA assay in activated HMC-1 mast cells after incubation with various concentrations of kaempferol (10, 20 and 40 µmol.L-1). Western blot was used to test the protein expression of p-IKKβ, IκBα, p-IκBα and nucleus NF-κB of LPS-induced HMC-1 mast cells after incubation with different concentrations of kaempferol. The optimal concentrations of kaempferol were defined as the range from 5 µmol.L-1 to 40 µmol.L-1. Kaempferol significantly decreased the release of histamine, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α of activated HMC-1 mast cells (P<0.01). After incubation with kaempferol, the protein expression of p-IKKβ, p-IKBa and nucleus NF-κB (p65) markedly reduced in LPS-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells (P<0.01). Taken together, we concluded that kaempferol markedly inhibit mast cell-mediated inflammatory response. At the same time, kaempferol can inhibit the activation of IKKβ, block the phosphorylation of IκBα, prevent NF-KB entering into the nucleus, and then decrease the release of inflammatory mediators.

AIM To establish the model of exudative pleurisy induced by alternatively activating complement and to study protection of anti inflammatory drugs on it. METHODS Purified cobra venom factor (CVF) was injected into the pleura, and then exudate volumn, total leukocyte count, protein content and histamine concentration were determined. RESULTS CVF, injected into rat pleura at dose of 0 08～2 mg?kg -1 , induced exudative inflammation in dose dependent and time dependent manner. Both diphehydramine and isoprenaline reduced significantly exudate volume, total leukocyte count, protein content and histamine concentration, while indomethacin, dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide also reduced exudate volume, total leukocyte count and protein content, although they did change the release of histamine. DLF, one of the toxic components in cobra venom, potentiated CVF induced inflammation. CONCLUSION CVF can induce significantly exudative pleurisy sensitive to anti inflammatory agents. DLF has augmentation on CVF induced inflammation.

Objective To study the significance of c-met mRNA in axillary drainage after operations for breast cancer. Methods RT-PCR assay was used to examine c-met mRNA in axillary drainage after operations in 52 cases of breast cancer. The relationships between the expression of c-met and the tumor size, metastatic lymph nodes, the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and c-erbB-2 were analyzed, respectively. In addition, the effect of douching operative field with 5-FU and distilled water on the expression of c-met mRNA was also analyzed. Results ①The proto-oncogene c-met mRNA could be detected in axillary drainage after operations for breast cancer by RT-PCR, and its positive rate was higher than that in routine pathological detection for micrometastasis in the axillary lymph nodes (P

Usually experiments done on isolated working heart preparation must be completed within 1 h, because of declining of cardiac functions after going beyond that limit reported by many authors. Our experiments on guinea pig showed that the viability time lasted at least 2 h. All measured indices of cardiac performance, namely LVP, dP/dtmax, MASP, HR, CF, AF, CO, LVPW, MVO2 and. working efficiency, remained stable within that period of time, .when PcO2 and PO2 of perfusing solution were adjusted at 4.7~7.3 kPa and over 67 kPa respectively, resulting in stability of pH value in 7.4 or so. Modification of the Krebs solution by devoid of phosphate and addition of pyruvate and EDTA may also be responsible for prolongation of the viability time. After such improvement, the preparation will give sufficient time to study the effect of drugs. Its use will be greatly widened.1 -10 mg/L cobra cardiotoxin increased CO, AF, LVEDP, MASP, LVP, dP/dtmax, decreased CF, and unchanged HR.MVO2 and working efficiency were insignificantly increased. These results obtained from this preparation were in accordance with that from other isolated cardiac preparations.