The maxillary sinus is the largest paranasal sinuses. Foreign bodies of nosal sinus can caused by car accidents, firearm attacks, or iatrogeniccause. We reported two rare cases of foreign body of pulp needle and loach. The clinical manifestations might include facial numbness, facial paresthesia, swelling, nasal congestion, facial pain, eye discomfort, limited mouth opening and relapse and etc. Both CT scan and the medical history were helpful in diagnosis. Functional endoscopic surgery would be the first choice of treatment.
Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Facial Pain ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Paresthesia ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: Exposure to the herbicide glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation may increase the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Recently, we reported that maternal exposure of formulated glyphosate caused ASD-like behaviors in juvenile offspring. Here, we investigated whether maternal exposure of pure glyphosate could cause ASD-like behaviors in juvenile offspring. Methods: Water or 0.098% glyphosate was administered as drinking water from E5 to P21 (weaning). Behavioral tests such as grooming test and three-chamber social interaction test in male offspring were performed from P28 to P35. Results: Male offspring showed ASD-like behavioral abnormalities (i.e., increasing grooming behavior and social interaction deficit) after maternal exposure of glyphosate. Conclusion The findings suggest that the exposure of glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation may cause ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in male juvenile offspring. It is likely that glyphosate itself, but not the other ingredients, may contribute to ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in juvenile offspring.

Objective: To investigate the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA and HEV antigen (HEV-Ag) and to evaluate the infectivity of HEV in urine through a SPF rabbit model of HEV infection. Methods: Serum, fecal and urine samples collected from SPF rabbits with HEV infection were tested for viral and biochemical markers using real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. Liver and kidney biopsies were performed for observing histopathological changes and immunohistochemical staining. Rabbits were challenged with HEV isolated in urine samples to evaluate the infectivity. Results: Rabbit R1# that was injected with rabbit HEV presented viremia, fecal shedding of HEV, high serum level of HEV-Ag, elevated aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and typical symptoms of hepatitis. Urine samples of rabbit R1# continued to be positive for HEV RNA and HEV-Ag. Ratios of HEV-Ag to RNA in urine samples of rabbit R1# were significantly higher than those in serum and feces samples. The parameters quantified in routine urinalysis remained within the normal ranges in rabbit R1#. However, pathological changes and the presence of HEV-Ag were observed in kidney tissues. Furthermore, serum and fecal samples that were collected from one of the two rabbits injected with rabbit R1# urine-derived HEV were HEV positive and the virus strains isolated form feces remained infective to rabbits. Conclusion HEV infection may result in kidney injury and the urine may pose a risk of transmission. HEV-Ag detection in urine may be valuable for the diagnosis of ongoing HEV infection.

Objective: Exposure to the herbicide glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation may increase the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Recently, we reported that maternal exposure of formulated glyphosate caused ASD-like behaviors in juvenile offspring. Here, we investigated whether maternal exposure of pure glyphosate could cause ASD-like behaviors in juvenile offspring. Methods: Water or 0.098% glyphosate was administered as drinking water from E5 to P21 (weaning). Behavioral tests such as grooming test and three-chamber social interaction test in male offspring were performed from P28 to P35. Results: Male offspring showed ASD-like behavioral abnormalities (i.e., increasing grooming behavior and social interaction deficit) after maternal exposure of glyphosate. Conclusion The findings suggest that the exposure of glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation may cause ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in male juvenile offspring. It is likely that glyphosate itself, but not the other ingredients, may contribute to ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in juvenile offspring.

Objective: Gut—microbiota—brain axis plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve serves as a major modulatory pathway between the gut microbiota and the brain. However, the role of subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve in PD pathogenesis are unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SDV) on the neurotoxicity in the mouse striatum and colon after administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Methods: Sham or SVD was performed. Subsequently, saline or MPTP (10 mg/kg × 3, 2-hour interval) was administered to mice. Western blot analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) in the striatum and phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-Syn) in the colon was performed. Results: Repeated administration of MPTP significantly caused reduction of TH and DAT in the striatum and increase of p-α-Syn in the colon of mice. However, SDV did not affect the reduction of TH and DAT in the striatum and increases in p-α-Syn in the colon after repeated MPTP administration. Conclusion These data suggest that subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve doses not play a role in the MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in the brain and colon.

OBJECTIVETo assess complement-mediated myocardial injury on isolated guinea pig working hearts and cardioprotective effects of CD59.

METHODSUsing a modified Langendorff apparatus, isolated guinea-pig working hearts were perfused with a modified Krebs Henseleit buffer containing 3% heat-inactivated human plasma and zymosan (IPZ) (control) (n = 10), 3% normal human plasma and zymosan (NPZ) (n = 10), or 3% normal human plasma and zymosan and 1.5 microg/ml CD59 (NPZC) (n = 10), respectively. Epicardial electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac output (CO), coronary arterial flow (CF), maximum left ventricular developed pressure (LVP(max)), maximum left ventricular developed pressure increase rate (+ dp/dt(max)), maximum left ventricular developed pressure decrease rate (- dp/dt(max)) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min of treatment. After the experiment, immunohistochemical examination was performed to detect the presence of C3a or C5b-9 in the myocardium of the isolated hearts.

RESULTSCompared the IPZ group, hearts treated with NPZ showed a slight depression on ST segments of epicardial ECG at 15 min, a significant elevation between 30 min to 60 min, a decrease in CF, CO, LVP(max), + dp/dt(max) and - dp/dt(max), and an increase in HR at 15 min. The observed alterations in CF, CO, LVP(max), + dp/dt(max) and - dp/dt(max) remained decreased, while the HR remained increased until the end of the protocol. The all above parameters of hearts treated with NPZC were similar to the control group (IPZ) at any given time. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive signals of C3a and C5b-9 in the myocardium of hearts treated with NPZ. C3a was positive in NPZC, and C3a and C5b-9 were negative in IPZ.

CONCLUSIONSActivated human complements directly damage isolated guinea pig working hearts, and CD59 offers a significant protection against the injuries.

Animals ; CD59 Antigens ; pharmacology ; Complement C3a ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Complement Inactivator Proteins ; pharmacology ; Electrocardiography ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiology ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Time Factors

Objective:To explore the influencing factors for compliance to colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer in outpatients.Methods:Patients aged 40-74 years who visited the outpatient gastroenterology department of 7 tertiary hospitals in 7 regions of Xinjiang from January 2022 to June 2022 were enrolled. Recommendations for colonoscopy screening were made according to the patient's medical conditions, and the questionnaire was used to collect information. The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of compliant and non-compliant patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of compliance to colonoscopy screening.Results:A total of 463 valid questionnaires were obtained from 7 centers, in which, 427 outpatients (92.2%) followed the recommendation for colonoscopy screening, and 36 (7.8%) did not. Chi-square test results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender, age, education, subjective cognition of intestinal polyps, personal history of colorectal polyps, family history of colorectal cancer, family history of colorectal polyps, abdominal pain or distension, and defecation habit or stool changes ( P<0.05). The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that the screening compliance of patients aged 40-49 years ( P=0.005, OR=0.141, 95% CI: 0.036-0.549) and 50-59 years ( P=0.039, OR=0.257, 95% CI: 0.071-0.932) was lower than that of patients aged 60-74 years. The screening compliance of patients with high school education ( P=0.011, OR=3.121, 95% CI: 1.304-7.473) and college education or above ( P=0.016, OR=3.544, 95% CI: 1.270-9.890) was higher than those with primary school education and below. Patients with personal history of colorectal polyps ( P=0.015, OR=12.288, 95% CI: 1.629-92.719), family history of colorectal cancer ( P=0.038, OR=8.506, 95% CI: 1.124-64.351) and changes in defecation habit or stool trait ( P=0.039, OR=4.794, 95% CI: 1.085-21.192) also had higher compliance. Conclusion:Age, educational level, personal history of colorectal polyps, and family history of colorectal cancer are related to colonoscopy screening compliance in outpatients of 7 tertiary hospitals in 7 regions of Xinjiang. The independent risk factors affecting compliance to colorectal cancer screening in outpatients are age of 40-59 years, lower educational level, no previous history of polyps or family history of colorectal cancer, and no defecation habit or stool changes.

Objective To observe the value of 18F-fluoro-dihydroxy-phenylalanine(18F-FDOPA)PET/CT for evaluating the efficacy of radiochemotherapy for advanced glioma.Methods Data of 84 patients with advanced glioma who received precision radiotherapy combined with synchronous chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into effective group(complete remission+partial remission+stable disease,n=60)and ineffective group(progressive disease,n=24)according to the efficacy of radiochemotherapy.18F-FDOPA PET/CT metabolic parameters of tumors,including tumor metabolic tumor volume(MTV),maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax)and mean standard uptake value(SUVmean)were compared between groups,also before and after radiochemotherapy within groups.Spearman correlation analysis was used to observe the correlations of metabolic parameters and the efficacy of radiochemotherapy.Results After radiochemotherapy,MTV,SUVmax and SUVmean of tumors in effective group were lower than those of tumors in ineffective group(all P＜0.05).Significant differences of metabolic parameters were found before and after radiochemotherapy in effective group(all P＜0.05).MTV,SUVmax and SUVmean of advanced glioma were negatively correlated with the efficacy of radiochemotherapy(r=-0.63,-0.52,-0.50,P＜0.001,P=0.007,P=0.010).Conclusion 18F-FDOPA PET/CT was helpful for evaluating the efficacy of radiochemotherapy for advanced glioma.

Objective:To investigated the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with colorectal polyps in part of Xinjiang area and to explore the associated influencing factors related to psychological status, and to provide evidence and clues to promote the diagnosis and treatment of psychosomatic diseases in digestive system.Methods:From December 2021 to June 2022, at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, the Fourth Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the Third Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Kashgar Hospital), the Thirteenth Division Red Star Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the Tenth Division Beitun Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the Seventh Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the Fifth Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, patients who underwent colonoscopy and colorectal polyps detected were enrolled. The generalized anxiety disorder scale-7 (GAD-7) was used to screen anxiety symptoms, and the patient health questionaire-8 (PHQ-8) was performed to screen depression symptoms, and the general situation questionnaire was used to collect clinical information of patients. The questionnairs were completed via the Questionnaire Star platform or paper questionnaire, and a database was established. The patients were divided into groups according to whether with anxiety and depression symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression models was performed to analyze the factors related to anxiety and depression.Results:A total of 516 questionnaires were distributed and collected, among which 9 questionnaires were incomplete and 507 questionnaires were valid, the effective rate of questionnaires was 98.26%. The detection rates of anxiety and depression symptoms in 507 patients with colorectal polyps were 21.50%(109/507) and 19.33%(98/507), respectively. The results of multivariable logistic analysis revealed that female ( OR=3.87, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.30 to 6.51, P<0.001), maximum diameter of polyp ( OR=1.74, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.67, P=0.011), perception of polyps as cancer ( OR=13.96, 95% CI 1.48 to 132.07, P=0.022), and the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms after polyp detection ( OR=5.43, 95% CI 1.74 to 16.92, P=0.004) were independent risk factors of anxiety in patients with colorectal polyps. Female ( OR=2.42, 95% CI 1.47 to 4.00, P=0.001), the number of polyps ( OR=1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.13, P=0.028) and the count of gastrointestinal symptoms ( OR=2.04, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.10, P=0.001) were independent risk factors of depression in patients with colorectal polyps. Conclusion:Gender, polyp size, number of polyps, disease perception, and concomitant gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with anxiety and depression in patients with colorectal polyps.

Objectives:To investigate the risk factors and short-term prognosis of early pulmonary hypertension (PH) in preterm infants.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was performed in preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2012 to December 2019. Eighty preterm infants with a diagnosis of PH between 3 and 14 days (early PH group) were matched in gestational age and sex with the controls (1∶2) of the same period in NICU. Perinatal clinical records, complications, echocardiography and early outcomes were collected. Characteristics and outcomes were compared between the two groups with t-test, nonparametric test or Chi-square test. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive factors of early PH. Results:The gestational age of the early PH group and the control group were both (27.9±1.4) weeks, and 52 (65.0%) and 104 (65.0%) were males in each group, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that birth weights were lower in the early PH group than those in the control group (1 030 (850, 1 200) vs. 1 110 (1 000, 1 278) g, Z=-3.27, P=0.001). The early PH group had higher rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension, prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM) >1 week, born by caesarean, small for gestational age (SGA), 1 and 5 min Apgar score ≤7 scores, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and hemodynamic significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) (12.5% (10/80) vs. 3.8% (6/160), 11.2% (9/80) vs. 3.8% (6/160), 48.8% (39/80) vs. 28.8% (46/160), 10.0% (8/80) vs. 1.9% (3/160), 70.8% (51/72) vs. 51.7% (74/143), 50.0% (36/72) vs. 20.3% (29/143), 88.8% (71/80) vs. 59.4% (95/160), 85.0% (68/80) vs. 22.5% (36/160), χ 2=6.56, 5.12, 3.31, 8.05, 7.17, 20.05, 21.58, 84.84, all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent predictive factors of early PH were PROM >1 week, SGA, 5 min Apgar score ≤7 scores, nenonatal RDS and hsPDA ( OR=10.40, 18.61, 4.47, 4.13, 20.10, 95% CI 1.93-56.12, 2.82-122.76, 1.91-10.46, 1.50-11.39, 8.28-48.80, all P<0.05),respectively. Infants with early PH had higher incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), BPD associated PH, severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR), laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and mortality than the controls (all P<0.05). The duration of invasive mechanical ventilation was also longer in the early PH group than that in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Risk of early PH will be increased in preterm infants with PROM >1 week, SGA, 5 min Apgar score ≤7 scores, and comorbidities of nenonatal RDS and hsPDA. Early PH is associated with increased mortality, BPD, BPD associated PH, severe IVH, EUGR and laser treatment for ROP.