AIM: To establish the quality standard for Compound Yiqi Granules (Radix Astragali, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, etc.). METHODS: Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae; Herba Epimedii were identified by TLC. The content of astragaloside IV in Compound Yiqi Granules was determined by TLCS. RESULTS: The methodological study showed a good linear correlation at the range of 1.12-5.60 ?g of astragaloside IV. The average recovery of astragaloside IV was 97.69% and RSD was 2.10%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate and with good repeatability. The method can be used for quality control of Compound Yiqi Granules.

Objective To analyze the relationship between needs of assistive devices and the three other factors (age, disability categories, severity levels of disability) in order to scientifically formulate subsidy policy on assistive devices.MethodsThe assessment of rehabilitation needs for 928 Shenzhen citizens with new disability certificates in its six districts was performed by professionals, and the data was recorded into ACCESS database and analyzed.ResultsThe sequence of demand rates on assistive devices among disability categories was vision disability (78%), hearing disability (76%) and physical disability (74%); but speech, mental retardation and psychological disabilities had a low demand. The demand rates of assistive devices were dissimilar among four age groups for persons with vision, hearing and physical disabilities; for severity levels of three disability categories of vision, hearing and physical disabilities: the milder the vision disability was, the greater demand rates of assistive devices were; the demand rate of those with the second level of hearing disability was the highest; the demand rates of persons with the first and second levels of physical disability were relatively higher.ConclusionWhen drawing up subsidy policy on assistive devices for persons with disability, the disability categories, ages of persons with disability and severity levels of disability should be considered; the different types of assistive devices should be supplied according to rehabilitation goals at different age group; and necessary assistive devices should be provided according to severity levels of disability.

Objective To investigate the optimal workflow and protocol for integrated PET/MR by comparison with PET/CT.Methods A total of 228 patients were enrolled in this study for PET/CT and PET/MR evaluation on the same day.Six PET/MR protocols with different MR sequences but the same PET acquisition protocol were investigated and the optimal protocol was identified based on image quality,acquisition time and diagnostic performance.Results PET/MR workflow was similar to PET/CT,however,some special issues needed to be considered for PET/MR.Among the 6 protocols,protocol No.6 outperformed others for body and head regions.Types of artifacts were found more often in PET/MR than in PET/CT.Conclusions By optimizing the protocol,PET/MR could achieve almost the same diagnostic performance as PET/CT.However,the issues of long acquisition time and artifacts on PET/MR need to be further improved.

Objective To investigate the effect ofulinastatin on severe heat-stroke with acute lung injury induced by severe heat stroke.Methods Thirty severe heat stroke patients were divided into conventional group (n=15) and ulinastatin group (n=15) randomly,with another 80 healthy adults serving as controls.The baseline data such as age,gender,onset period and APACHE Ⅱ scores were recorded and compared between the two groups on admission.Peripheral leucocyte counts,oxygenation index and Murray scores were determined on the 1st,3rd and 5th day.The concentration of inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and alveolar macrophage supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Western blotting and real-time PCR were used to measure expression of triggering receptor-1 on myeloid cells (TREM-1) on alveolar macrophages.Furthermore,comparison was made in terms of the ventilation period,ICU stay time and mortality in 28 days between the two groups.Results No differences were found in age,gender,onset period and APACHE Ⅱ scores between the two groups (P＞0.05).Compared with the conventional group,peripheral leucocyte counts and Murray scores in the ulinastatin group significantly decreased on the 3rd and 5th day (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).But oxygenation index was higher in the ulinastatin group than in the conventional group (P＜0.05).The concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF was lower in the ulinastatin group than in the conventional group (on the 3rd day:P＜0.05,P＜0.01;on the 5th day:P＜0.01,P＜0.01).The concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 in alveolar macrophage supernatant was lower in the ulinastatin group than in the conventional group (on the 3rd day:-P＜0.05,P＜0.01;on the 5th day:P＜0.01,P＜0.05).The expression of TREM-1 protein on alveolar macrophages were lower in the ulinastatin group than in the conventional group (on the 3rd day P＜0.01;on the 5rd day P＜0.05).TREM-1 mRNA was lower in the ulinastatin group than in the conventional group (on the 3rd day:P＜0.05;on the 5th day:P＜0.05).Eventually,the treatment of ulinastatin shorten ventilation period and ICU stay time (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).Nonetheless,it failed to show any improvement in terms of the mortality during 28 days (P＞0.05).Conclusion Our study exhibited that ulinastatin had good effect on the heat stroke patients with acute lung injury and it helped reduce the inflammatory reaction of pulmonary tissues.The underlying mechanism of these effects might lie in its ability to reduce heat stroke-induced inflammatory secretion and expression of TREM-1 on alveolar macrophage.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the composition of vaginal microbiota and the course of cervical precancerous lesion.Methods A total of 64 vaginal swabs were collected from 22 healthy women, 18 CINⅠ patients and 24 CINⅡ/Ⅲ patients who visited Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University during July 2014 and July 2015.The Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA were amplified and high-throughput sequenced.The abundance and composition of vaginal microbiota were analyzed by Uparse, Mothur and LefSe statistical software.Results There was no significant difference in Alpha diversity index between CINⅡ/Ⅲ group(Chao:63±32;ACE:72±38;Simpson:0.70±0.27;Shannon:0.70±0.63) and control group ( Chao:48±24;ACE:54±25;Simpson:0.71±0.27;Shannon:0.65±0.58)(W=192,P=0.11;W=189,P=0.10;W=281,P=0.72;W=241,P=0.62).The ACE(85±37) and Chao(66±25) values of CINⅠgroup were significantly different from those of the control group (ACE:54±25;Chao:48±24)(W=99,P=0.006;W=113,P=0.02).At the phylum level, 78.69%(309 020/392 722) of the vaginal microbiota in the control group was Firmicutes, 16%(62 846/392 722) was Actinobacteria.Firmicutes was reduced to 64.86%(208 422/321 318) and Actinobacteria increased to 27.71%(89 040/321 318) in CINⅠgroup.The composition of vaginal microbiotain in CINⅡ/Ⅲ group was similar to those of control group.At the genus level, the composition of vaginal microbiota were similar between CINⅡ/Ⅲ group and control group, with Lactobacillus as predominant genus[71.81%(307 658/418 424)], Gardnerella[12.91%(55 299/428 424)], others such as Prevotella, atopobium were less.In the CINⅠ group, the abundance of Lactobacillus was decreased to 56.26%(180 787/321 318), Gardnerella was increased to 19.62%(63 057/321 318), and Listeria was increased to 7.7%(24 746/321 318).The composition of vaginal microbiota in the most samples was classified as CSTⅢ and CSTⅠ, with Lactobacillus inersand and Lactobacillus crispatus were dominant respectively.There was no significant difference in the composition of vaginal microbiota between the three groups(χ2=2.72, P=0.949).LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of bacteria in CIN group and control group were varied.At the genus level, there were significant differences in the abundance of Geobacter, Atopobium and Ureaplasma (P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively).At the species level, there was significant difference in the abundance of Ureaplasma urealyticum serotype 9 (P<0.01).Conclusion The diversity and the composition of vaginal microbiota were similar between CIN patients and healthy women, but the abundances of some bacteria were varied, with Ureaplasma increased in patients with CIN.

Objective To investigate the difference of surgical effect of exclusion,simple continuous suture and circular suture suspension in TAPP for the treatment of false hernia sac in patients with direct inguinal hernia.Method From May 2020 to May 2022,120 patients diagnosed with direct inguinal hernia and treated with TAPP in our hospital were retrospectively.The false hernia sacs were divided into three groups according to different methods of treatment patients treated with false hernia sac exclusion were included in group A,those treated with simple continuous suture were included in group B,and those treated with circular suture suspension were included in group C.There were 40 patients in each group.The perioperative indicators(operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,hospitalization cost)and postoperative effects(chronic pain,seroma,incision or mesh infection,foreign body traction feeling)were compared among the three groups.Results All 120 patients successfully completed TAPP surgery.There was no significant difference in general condition,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,wound or mesh infection and chronic pain among the three groups(P＞0.05).The operation time of group B and C was longer than that of group A,and the incidence of seroma was significantly lower than that of group A,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The incidence of foreign body traction in group A and group C was lower than that in group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The hospitalization cost of group B and group C was lower than that of group A,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion In clinical practice,direct hernia and false hernia sac often need to be treated.In direct hernia TAPP operation,simple continuous suture method and circular suture suspension method have the effect of improving the condition of the false hernia sac,but in terms of economy and postoperative effect,the circular suture suspension method can benefit patients more.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and analysis three ABO variant Bw subtypes. METHODS: Serological assays were carried out to identify the ABO blood group of the proband. ABO gene was identified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The genotype of three individuals are ABO*Bw.11/0.01.02, ABO*Bw.12/0.01.01, ABO*Bw.34/A1.02, receptively. Sequencing results showed that there were c.695T>C, c.278C>T, c.889G>A, resulting in variants in Leu232Pro, Pro93Leu and Glu297Lys, receptively. CONCLUSION Bw11, Bw12 and Bw34 subgroups were identified, and gene testing can be used as a supplement to determine the ABO blood group subtypes.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Exons ; Genotype ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Sequence Analysis

Objective:To explore the molecular basis for an individual with a rare variant of Bw37 phenotype.Methods:Tube agglutination testing was used to determine the ABO blood groups. Genotyping were carried out using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) and direct sequencing for exons 6 and 7 of the ABO locus. Results:Serologic testing of the proband showed that he was weak B for the positive ABO blood typing and B for the negative blood typing. The genotype of him was determined as B/B by PCR-SSP. DNA sequencing showed that he has harbored c. 297A>G, c. 526C>G, c. 657C>T, c. 703G>A, c. 796C>A, c. 803G>C and c. 930G>A variants, which have resulted in p. R176G, p. G235S and p. G268A substitutions. The genotypes of the proband and his mother were identified as ABO*Bw37/B101 and ABO*O.01.02/ ABO*O.01.01, respectively. Conclusion:Serological identification combined with genotyping should be considered for the verification of ABO subtypes.

Objective:To explorer the optimal method of detecting donor kidney carrier carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP).Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 1120 donation-after-circulatory-death (DCD) kidneys and bacterial detection of kidney perfusion fluid was performed from January 2015 to January 2019. A total of 1120 kidney perfusion fluid samples were collected with sterile tubes and submitted for culturing. And 451 specimens were delivered in sterile tubes and blood culture bottles simultaneously And 729 specimens assayed for carbapenemase genes with GeneXpert.Results:Among 1120 kidneys, CRKP was confirmed in 21 grafts with an infection rate of 1.87 %. The detection of carbapenemase genes with Genexpert showed that KPC was positive for 9/16 CRKP positive grafts. Sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate, false-negative rate and ROC-AUC were calculated at 56.3 %, 100 %, 0, 43.7 % and 0.781 respectively. And 11 specimens delivered with sterile tube were culture positive for CRKP. Sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate, false-negative rate and ROC-AUC were calculated at 52.3 %, 100 %, 0, 47.6 % and 0.762 respectively. Among 451 perfusion fluid samples collected with anaerobic blood culture bottle, 15 samples had a positive culture for CRKP. Sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate, false-negative rate and ROC-AUC were calculated at 100 %, 100 %, 0, 0 and 1 respectively. In terms to anaerobic blood culture bottle, sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate, false-negative rate and ROC-AUC were calculated at 60 %, 100 %, 0 , 40 % and 0.80 respectively.Conclusions:Genexpert assay is suitable for rapid and convenient detection of carbapenemase genes using kidney perfusion fluid. Culturing perfusion fluid samples collected with anaerobic blood culture bottle is clinically valuable diagnostic tool of CRKP. A combination of both methods is worthy of clinical promotion and application diagnosis of donor kidney derived CRKP in terms of greater accuracy and timeliness.

BACKGROUND:Socket-shield technique can effectively maintain labial soft and hard tissues,but the incidence of postoperative complications such as exposure and displacement of root shield is relatively high.It is speculated that the root shield may be exposed and displaced due to excessive load after long-term function of dental implants. OBJECTIVE:Through three-dimensional finite element analysis,we aim to study the influence of varying root shield thicknesses on the stress distribution,equivalent stress peaks,and displacement in the root shield,periodontal ligaments,implant,and surrounding alveolar bone under normal occlusal loading.We also attempt to analyze the correlation between the thickness of the root shield and occurrence of mechanical events such as root shield exposure,displacement,and fracture. METHODS:Cone-beam CT data of a patient who met the indication standard of socket-shield technique for maxillary central incisor were retrieved from database.Reverse engineering techniques were used to build models of the maxillary bone and root shield,while forward engineering was used to create models for the implant components based on their parameters.Models depicting various root shield thicknesses(0.5,1.0,1.5,and 2.0 mm)were created using Solidworks 2022 software.ANSYS Workbench 2021 software was then used to simulate and analyze the effects of varying root shield thicknesses on stress distribution,equivalent stress peaks,and displacement of the root shields,periodontal ligaments,implants,and surrounding alveolar bone under normal occlusion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In all root shield models,the stress was concentrated on the palatal cervical side,both sides of the edges and the lower edge of the labial side.As the thickness of the root shield increased,the equivalent stress peak and displacement showed a decreasing trend.The 0.5 mm thickness model produced a stress concentration of 176.20 MPa,which exceeded the yield strength(150 MPa)of tooth tissue.(2)The periodontal ligament stress in each group was concentrated in the neck margin and upper region.With the increase of root shield thickness,the equivalent stress peak and displacement of periodontal ligament showed a decreasing trend.(3)Implant stress in all models was concentrated in the neck of the implant and the joint of the implant-repair abutment,and the labial side was more concentrated than the palatal side.With the increase of root shield thickness,the equivalent stress peak of the implant in the model showed an increasing trend.(4)In each group of models,stress of cortical bone concentrated around the neck of the implant and the periphery of the root shield,and the labial side was more concentrated than the palatal side.With the increase of the thickness of the root shield,the equivalent stress peak around the root shield decreased;the peak value of the equivalent stress of the bone around the neck of the implant showed an increasing trend.In the model,the stress of cancellous bone was mainly concentrated around the neck of the lip of the implant,the top of the thread,the root tip and the lower margin of the root shield,and the labial side was more concentrated than the palatal side.With the increase of the thickness of the root shield,the peak value of the equivalent stress of the bone around the root shield in the model showed a decreasing trend.The minimum principal stress of cortical bone in each group of models was concentrated around the neck of the implant,exhibiting a fan-shaped distribution.As the thickness of the root shield increased,the minimum principal stress of cortical bone showed an increasing trend.(5)These results indicate that different thicknesses of the root shield have different biomechanical effects.The root shield with a thickness of 0.5 mm is easy to fracture.For patients with sufficient bone width,the root shield with a thickness of 2.0 mm is an option to reduce the risk of complications such as root shield exposure,fracture,and displacement.Meanwhile,it should be taken into account to protect the periodontal ligament in the preparation process,and rounding treatments ought to be carried out on both sides and the lower edge of the root shield.