Objective To investigate the changes of disease activity and clinical significance in the course of treatment in patients with SLE.Method 286 cases of SLE were reviewed and compared the changes of SLEDAI scores in different disease duration.Results The SLEDAI scores of patients whose first treatment courses less than 1 month and 1 to 3 months were significantly lower than those patients whose were 4 to 6 months and more than 6 months. After treatment for 2 months to 3 years, the SLEDAI scores were not correlated with cumulated dosage of corticosteroids.Conclusions For the patients of short first treatment course, the treatment could relieve SLE disease activity rapidly and effectively to some extent; while for the patients whose first treatment courses were relatively long ,the relif of disease activity was relatively slow. After treatment for 2 to 3 months, the disease of SLE patients was more active than other periods, and it was inclined to produce visceral damage. As mentioned above ,we should pay attention to this phenomenon.

Objective To investigate the cumulative organ damage of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and It's affecting factors.Methods 162 cases of SLE patients were reviewed and evaluated in the cumulative organ damage of them . At the same time, It's affecting factors were analysed by multifactorial analysis.Results The cumulative organ damage of SLE was obviously correlated with the first time of treatment, treatment with CTX ,the numbers of recurrence rate and level of complements;but were not correlated with disease duration and cumulative dosage of corticosteroid.Conclusions The cumulative organ damage was one of the evaluating factors of SLE disease, and it's occurence and development were affected by multiple factors .So, the patients should be treated with hormone and control the beneficial factors to protect organs,such as,observation on complemets level,high dosage cyclophosphamide pulse treatment etc.

Objective To investigate the expression of HMGB1 mRNA in endometrial carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological features of endometrial carcinoma. Methods Semi-quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression level of HMGB1 gene in 56 cases of endometrial carcinoma and 20 cases of normal endometrium. Results The expression of HMGB1 mRNA in endometrial carcinoma (0. 3512 ± 0. 0985 ) was significantly higher than that in normal endometrium (0. 2208 ± 0. 0170 ).There was a significant difference in the two groups( P ＜0. 05 ). Grouping by clinicopathological features,the expression of HMGB 1 mRNA in endometrial carcinoma had a correlation with clinical-surgical stage ( P＜0. 05), metastasis of lymph nodes ( P ＜ 0. 05), and depth of myometrial invasion ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The high level of HMGB1 mRNA indicated that HMGB1 might play an essential role in the genesis, growth, invasion and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of HMGB1 and Smac/DIABLO protein expression in epithelial ovarian cancer.MethodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining were used to detect the protein expression of HMGB1,Smac/DIABLO and cell apoptosis in 45 epithelial ovarian cancers by tissue microarray.ResultsThe protein expression of HMGB1 in epithelial ovarian cancers was significant higher than benign cancers and normal ovarian tissues( P ＜0.05).The protein expression of HMGB1 was related to the lymph node metastasis,which had a negative correlation with the cell apoptosis index ( rs =-0.583,P =0.000).The protein expression of Smac/DIABLO in epithelial ovarian cancers was significantly lower than benign cancers and normal ovarian tissues( P ＜0.05) ; the protein expression of HMGB1 in epithelial ovarian cancers had a negative relationship with protein expression of Smac/DIABLO( rs =-0.40,P =0.006).ConclusionsThe over-expression of HMGB1 in epithelial ovarian cancers may play an important part in the metastasis of the epithelial ovarian cancers.The over-expression of HMGB1 and the low-expression of Smac/DIABLO may take part in the occurrence and development of the epithelial ovarian cancers through abnormal cell apoptosis.

BACKGROUND: Classic isolation method of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Blood cell component was removed. However, this method is complicated. Preparation density was needed when isolating dog bone marrow. Moreover, centrifugation was frequent, which had a great damage to cells. OBJECTIVE: To establish methods of the isolation, proliferation, culture and osteoinduction of canine BMSCs, and observe the in vitro proliferation and ability to osteoinduction differentiation. METHODS: 10 mL bone marrow was extracted from dog posterior superior iliac spine, heparin anticoagulation, diluted using Hanks juice, treated with 1.077 g/mL Ficoll solution 3 mL, and centrifuged at 2 000 r/min for 20 minutes. Karyocytes were absorbed to form white cloudlike layering interface, and then centrifuged twice using DMEM supplemented with fetal bovine serum, incubated at 12×10~4/cm~2 at 37 ℃ in a 5% CO_2 incubator. Following subculture, cells were incubated in DMEM containing dexamethasone, β-sodium phosphoglycerol and ascorbic acid 2-phosphate. Immunocytochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining were utilized to detect osteocalcin, osteopontin and type Ⅰ collagen expression in osteoblasts. Alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1.077 g/mL Ficoll density gradient centrifugation was used to isolate karyocytes that were significant compared with Percoll solution. Obtained BMSCs had high purity, good growth and the mean doubling time was 24 hours. Following in vitro osteogenic incubation of dog BMSCs, osteocalcin, osteopontin and type Ⅰ collagen showed positive expression. Alkaline phosphatase staining demonstrated bluish-green cytoplasm. Alizarin red staining showed red nodes in extracellular matrix, and could differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro.

BACKGROUND:To repair and reconstruct the joint capsule and surrounding ligaments is one of effective methods against displacement and dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. In recent years, anterolateral total hip arthroplasty has been widely used, but little is reported on the anatomic features of the anterolateral hip joint capsule and iliofemoral ligament. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anatomic features of the anterolateral hip joint capsule and iliofemoral ligaments, thereby providing anatomic evidence for selecting and optimizing the approach for total hip arthroplasty and for clinical practice. METHODS:Thirty adult cadaver hips fixed with formalin were used for this study. The anterolateral hip joint capsule and the iliofemoral ligaments were dissected and anterolateral hip joint capsules were divided into three sections and nine parts. The average thickness of each part and the average height and width of each section were measured. The anterolateral hip joint capsule was observed by its beginning and ending, course, branch and histological features. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The anterolateral hip joint capsule was tightly connected with the iliofemoral ligaments to form a complex. The thickness of the capsule was varied. The thinnest parts of the complex were BI and BII. In addition, the average height and width of each section were different. The joint capsule originating from the anterior inferior iliac spine and acetabulum was divided into three branches and fixed on the intertrochanteric line. Understanding of the anterolateral hip joint capsule and iliofemoral ligaments may make for the approach selection, design and optimization of total hip arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND:Interleukin-12 (IL-12) may function as an immune regulator in the pathogenesis of osteoarticular tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE:To explore the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-12A rs568408 G/A and IL-12B rs3212227 A/C with susceptibility to osteoarticular tuberculosis and serum interleukin-12 levels in Guangxi Zhuang population. METHODS:The single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-12A rs568408 G/A and IL-12B rs3212227 A/C polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single base extension technique and direct DNA sequencing in 150 patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis (disease group) and 165 healthy individuals (control group) in Guangxi Zhuang population. The genotype and al ele frequencies of IL-12 and the relationship of genotypes to the susceptibility to osteoarticular tuberculosis were analyzed. In addition, the association of genotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-12A rs568408 G/A and IL-12B rs3212227 A/C with serum IL-12 levels were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in the genotype and al ele frequencies of IL-12A rs568408 G/A and IL-12B rs3212227 A/C between the disease group and the control group (P>0.05). Moreover, there was no difference in four haplotypes of IL-12 gene between the disease group and the control group (P>0.05). Serum IL-12 levels in subjects with osteoarticular tuberculosis carrying the variant rs568408 GA/AA genotypes and wild-type rs568408 GG genotypes were similar (P>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference in serum IL-12 levels between subjects with osteoarticular tuberculosis carrying the variant rs3212227 AC/CC genotypes and wild-type rs3212227 AA genotypes (P>0.05). These findings suggest that the single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-12A rs568408 G/A and IL-12B rs3212227 A/C polymorphisms are not associated with susceptibility to osteoarticular tuberculosis in Guangxi Zhuang population.

BACKGROUND: There are currently many cryopreservation methods for the aminotic membrane, which have varying effects on the ultrastructure and biological activity of amniotic membrane, but on no one is effective.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different cryopreservation methods on the ultrastructure and viability of aminotic membrane and to seek the ideal cryopreservation method.
METHODS: Aminotic membrane separated from the fresh placenta was preserved respectively with deep-frozen cryopreservation and vitrification, and everyway was run for 3 and 6 months. Fresh aminotic membrane was used as control. The ultrastructure of aminotic membrane was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the viability of aminotic membrane was assessed by microcomputer analysis system for biological oxygen consumption, and immunohistochemical staining combined with image analysis system was used for lactate dehydrogenase activity.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 3 and 6 months of crypreservation, the damage to the ultrastructure of aminotic membrane by vitreous cryopreservation was slighter than that of amniotic membrane cryopreserved at-80℃. Compared with the fresh aminotic membrane, the gray value of lactate dehydrogenase and partial pressure of oxygen were significantly decreased in the cryopreserved aminotic membrane by deep-frozen cryopreservation at 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05) and by vitreous cryopreservation at 6 months (P < 0.05), but there was no statisticaly significant difference in the change rate of oxygen partial pressure and the gray value of lactate dehydrogenase between the fresh aminotic membrane and the cryopreserved aminotic membrane by vitreous cryopreservation at 3 months. The present study led to the conclusion that vitreous cryopreservation protocol alows to not only maintain the integrity of AM, but also to preserve the viability of the cels. So the vitreous cryopreservation is superior to the deep-frozen cryopreservation for cryopreservation of aminotic membrane.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and pathogenic gene mutation in a Chinese family with cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal(COFS)syndrome,in order to summarize the relationship between phenotype and genotype.Methods The clinical data of the proband and his family members were collected.Genomic DNA from the proband and his parents were extracted by using standard procedures from the peripheral blood leukocytes.Next-generation sequencing was used to detect gene mutation in the patient with COFS syndrome.Sanger sequencing was applied to confirm the results.Results The proband,male,1 year and 3 months old,presented with microcephaly nystagmus,large ears,prominent nose,high arched palate,overhanging upper lip,micrognathia,widely set nipples,flexion contractures(especially involving the elbows and knees),failure to thrive,developmental retardation and feeding difficulty.His parents were normal phenotype.Two different heterozygous mutations c.1843G>T(P.G615W)and c.1996 C> T(P.R666W)were identified in the ERCC2 gene.The proband's father had the heterozygous mutation c.1843G>T(P.G615W)and his mother had the heterozygous mutation c.1996 C> T(P.R666W).Meanwhile,this heterozygous mutation c.1996 C> T(P.R666W)had been reported as a pathogenic gene mutation.Conclusions COFS syndrome is characterized by microcephaly,prominent nose,arthrogryposis and severe developmental delay.This is the first report on COFS syndrome patient in the mainland of China.The pathogenic gene mutations and gene status were identified through genetic studies.The result has laid the foundation for accurate genetic counseling and further prenatal diagnosis.

PURPOSETo explore the impact of subtropical maritime monsoon climate on the frequency of ambulance use for trauma patients in a coastal region in China.

METHODStatistical analysis of data on ambulance use from the 120 Emergency Command Center in Shantou City, Guangdong Province, from January to December 2012 as well as daily meteorological data from a Shantou observatory was performed to determine how climatic factors (seasons, time, and weather) affect the frequency of ambulance use for trauma patients.

RESULTSThe daily ambulance use for trauma patients differed between spring and summer or autumn (p<0.05), between sunny and rainy days (p<0.05), and between cloudy and lightly or moderately rainy days (p<0.05).We found a linear correlation between daily maximum temperature and daily ambulance use for trauma patients (R² =0.103, p<0.05). In addition, there was significant difference in ambulance use between good and bad weather (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFrequency of ambulance use for trauma patients is affected by the subtropical maritime monsoon climate in the coastal region. Better weather contributes to increased daily frequency of ambulance use, which is the highest in autumn and lowest in spring.