Objective To study the effect of anti-hepatitis B virus of Lamivudine combined with Saikosaponins in vivo. Methods Chongqing duck hepatitis B model was selected and given to Lamivudine combined with Saikosaponins(combined group) oral treatment 28d, then the ducks were observed 7d after drug withdrawal. The levels of serum HBV DNA, HBsAg and transaminase(ALT, AST) were detected before and after treatment, and compared with that in Lamivudine group and Saikosaponins group as control. Results In combined group,the levels of serum HBV DNA and HbsAg were significantly decreased(P ＜ 0.05), and 7d after drug withdrawal the levels of serum HBV DNA and HBsAg showed no" anti-jump" compared with that at drug treatment 28d(P ＞ 0.05). In Lamivudine group and Saikosaponins group the levels of those increased again 7d after drug withdrawal (P ＜ 0. 05). In each group the levels of serum ALT and AST did not change within the same phase during drug treatment 28d and 7d after drug withdrawal(P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion Lamivudine combined with Saikosaponins in vivo had the effect of anti-hepatitis Bvirus, and the effect was stable and lasting.

Objective To optimize the best techniques of preparing baicalin gelatin microspheres with orthogonal experimental design.Methods Baicalin gelatin microspheres were prepared by emulsion chemical-cross linking method with degradable gelatin as carrier,liquid paraffin as oil phase,Span-80 as emulsifier.The particle size,containing efficiency of microspheres were determined and technique reproducibility was studied.Results Microspheres with good shape,smooth surface and narrow size distribution were prepared.The average diameter of microspheres was 27.47 ?m,the loading amount of medicine was 8.18% and encapsulation efficiency was 70.21%.Conclusion The preparation procedure established was stable and practical.

Aim To explore the effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharide(YPF-P)on T cells of adjuvant arthritis(AA)in rats.Methods Freund's complete adjuvant was used to induce AA in rat.Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with volumeter.Peripneral blood lymphocyte proliferation response induced by concanavalin A(ConA)was examined with MTT assay.The CD4+ and CD8+ T cell in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometer.ELISA method was applied to determine the content of factor IFN-? and radio-immunity assay of factor IL-4.RT-PCR procedures were utilized to determine the expression of IFN-? mRNA.Results 80,160 mg?kg-1 YPF-P could singnificantly inhibit the secondary paw swelling of AA rats.The suppressesion of lymphocyte proliferation of peripheral blood T cell in AA rats was reversed.After treatment by YPF-P,the number of CD4+ cell and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ markedly decreased.The level of IFN-? in YPF-P treating group was obviously decreased in comparison with that of model control group,while the level of IL-4 was increased.The mRNA expression of IFN-? was inhibited as well.Conclusion Yupingfeng polysaccharide can regulate the turbulence of periphery abnormal T cell subgroups of adjuvant arthritis rats and can recover Th1/Th2 balance to move towards Th1,which may be one of its mechanisms of inhibiting the secondary paw swelling.

Silk fibroin (SF) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composite powders were synthesized from CaO, H3PO4 and SF solution on the principle of neutralization. SF/HA porous materials were prepared through adding silk short fibers and NaCI particles as reinforcing material and pore-forming agent respectively by isostatic compaction. The structure and mechanical properties of the SF/HA porous materials were investigated. Results indicated that short silk fibers in it could markedly enhance flexural strength and flexural breaking energy. The average pore diameter and porosity could be regulated from 64 μm to183 pm and from 55% to 75% respectively by adding pore-forming agent.

Abstract Ischemic stroke is characterized by high morbidity, disability and mortality. At present, there is a lack of effective treatment for ischemic stroke, so it is of great significance to reduce the incidence risk of ischemic stroke. Studies show that vitamin C can prevent atherosclerosis, thus reduce the incidence risk of ischemic stroke. However, this point is controversial due to the differences of study population, inconsistent evaluation methods of vitamin C content and the influence of various confounding factors. This paper reviews the related animal experiments, clinical trials and cohort studies, in order to provide reference for subsequent studies on reducing the incidence risk of ischemic stroke.

Aim To investigate the role of captopril in insulin resistance of endothelial cells induced by high glucose.Methods 1 .Improvement effect of captopril on insulin resistance in HUVECs was observed.The HUVECs were seeded in a 6-well plate and were ran-domly divided into 5 groups,namely,control group, IR group,IR together with different Cap concentrations (low,medium and high concentration),respectively. 2.Improvement effect of Cap on insulin resistance was mediated by PPARγin HUVECs.HUVECs were ran-domly divided into 6 groups,namely,control group, control +PPARγinhibitor (PI)(1 .0 μmol · L -1 ) group,IR group,IR +PI(1 .0 μmol·L -1 )group,IR +Cap(1 ×1 0 -5 mol·L -1 ) group,and IR +Cap +PI (1 .0 μmol·L -1 )group.All indicators were detected. Results After HUVECs were incubated with media containing 33 mmol·L -1 of glucose for 48 h,the NO levels were significantly decreased while ET-1 levels were significantly elevated,showing a significant differ-ence between IR group and control group (P <0.01 ). The expression levels of PPARγmRNA and its protein were somewhat up-regulated,but there was no signifi-cant difference between IR group and control group (P>0.05).When the HUVECs in IR group were treated with DMEM containing glucose (33 mmol·L -1 )for 48 h and insulin for 30 min,the expression levels of PPARγmRNA and its protein in Cap groups were simi-lar to those in the IR group,and there was no signifi-cant difference between the two groups (P >0.05 );however, the expression levels of phosphorylated PPARγprotein in Cap groups were increased compared with IR group (P <0.05).The levels of NO were sig-nificantly increased whereas the levels of ET-1 were decreased in Cap groups,which had significant differ-ences compared with IR group (P <0.05).Nonethe-less,pre-treating with GW9662,a PPARγinhibitor, the improvement effects of Cap were markedly abol-ished.Conclusions Captopril could improve high glucose-induced insulin resistance of endothelial cells mediated by PPARγ,and the underlying mechanisms are related to the activation of PPARγ,rather than its expression.

Objective To investigate the influence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues on ovarian cancer and ovarian function in vivo.Methods ES-2 cells were cultured and xenotransplanted into 36 nude mice,which were divided into 6 groups:normal saline (NS) group:NS 0.1 nd/day subcutaneous injection,and then NS 0.2 ml/week peritoneal injection; cisplatin (DDP) group:NS 0.1 ml/day subcutaneous injection,and then DDP 5 mg/kg ( diluted to 0.2 ml ) per week peritoneal injection; goserelin group:100 μg goserelin ( diluted to 0.1 ml) per day subcutaneous injection,and then NS 0.2 ml/week peritoneal injection; goserelin + DDP group:100 μg goserelin ( diluted to 0.1 ml) per day subcutaneous injection,and DDP 5 mg/kg (diluted to 0.2 ml) per week peritoneal injection; cetrorelix group:100 μg cetrorelix (diluted to 0.1 ml) per day subcutaneous injection and NS 0.2 ml/week peritoneal injection; cetrorelix + DDP group:100 μg cetrorelix (diluted to 0.1 ml) per day subcutaneous injection and DDP 5 mg/kg ( diluted to 0.2 ml) per week peritoneal injection.All the peritoneal injection started from subcutaneous injection one week later.To compare the weight of nude mice,the volumes of transplanted tumors,the expression of Ki-67 antigen in transplanted tumors,the estrus,the ratio of atretic follicles,the ratio of primary and preantral follicles,the levels of serum anti-Mullerian hormone ( AMH ),folliclestimulating hormone ( FSH),estradio ( E2 ) and progesterone (P) in each group.Results There were no significant difference in the weight of nude mice among 6 groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ),which on day 29 in NS group was ( 19.8 ±2.2) g,DDP group (20.5 ± 1.4) g,gosereline group ( 19.6 ±0.9) g,goserelin + DDP group ( 19.7 ± 1.6) g,cetrorelix group (20.7 ±2.2) g,and cetrorelix + DDP group ( 19.0 ± 1.7) g.The tumor volumes of different groups on the 12th day:NS group (241 ± 179) mm3,DDP group (78 ±20) mm3,gosereline group (78 t±55) mm3,goserelin + DDP group (64 ±48) mm3,cetrorelix group (78 ±64) mm3,or cetrorelix + DDP group (70 ± 19) mm3,in which there were significant difference between NS group and the other groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; and the same result was obtained on day 15,19,22,26 and 29 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of Ki-67 in NS group was ( 33 ± 10 ) ％,in which it was higher than those in DDP group 3.5％,goserelin group 8.8％,goserelin + DDP group 1.5％,cetrorelix group (23 ± 11 ) ％,or cetrorelix + DDP group ( 8 ± 6 ) ％ ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The ratio of primary and preantral follicles in goserehn group was (71.5 ± 8.1 ) ％,in goserelin + DDP group was (62.4 ± 4.1 ) ％,in cetrorelix group was (71.2 ± 7.4) ％,and in cetrorelix + DDP group was (63.8 ±3.1 )％,in which they were much higher than that in DDP group ( 47.0 ± 4.8 ) ％ ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The level of AMH in goserelin group was ( 98 ± 27 ) ng/ml,which was much higher than that in NS group (66.2 ± 17.4) ng/ml (P ＜0.05),while there were no difference in the levelsof FSH,E2 or P among different groups ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion GnRH analogues could inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice,meanwhile increase the secretion of AMH,decrease the frequencies and prolong the lasting time of estrus,decrease the ratio of atretic follicles,raise the ratio of primary and preantral follicles,which may be protect the ovarian function of nude mice.

To define the weighting coefficients of the symptoms and signs in the diagnosis of corresponding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome elements of ulcerative colitis based on expert questionnaire investigation.

An innovative approach to quantitatively analyze the histamine and its precursor histidine simultaneously in biological matrices was established for the first time based on double adsorption combined with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).The internal standard was 2-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB).The plasma and brain tissue homogenate was protein precipitated with 3-fold acetonitrile, and the supernatant was then sampled for injection analysis.The chromatographic separation of the target components was achieved on an amino chromatography column (ODS-SPXBridge? Amide).Gradient elution was carried out with the mobile phase consisting of solvent A (0.1% formic acid and 1mmol/L ammonium formate in water) and solvent B (acetonitrile).Mass spectrometry was employed for quantitative analysis with ESI ion source in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.In order to improve the specificity and accuracy, activated carbon and calcite were used for the double adsorption of biological matrices for the first time.The adsorbed matrix was then used for methodology validation.The results showed that histamine and histidine were linear in the quantitative range (correlation coefficient r ≥ 0.999).Accuracy, precision, extraction recovery, matrix effect and stability all met the requirements of biological sample analysis.All results suggested that the present method could not only be efficiently and reliably used for simultaneous quantitative analysis of histamine and histidine in biological samples, but also provide reference for the detection of other endogenous substances.