Objective To understand the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Sichuan Province,the upstream of Yangtze River basin,and the impact on schistosomiasis transmission in Three Gorges Reservoir area after the construction of Three Gorges Reservoir. Methods The annual reports of the schistosomiasis endemic situation in Sichuan Province from 2000-2012,the data of the schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Sichuan Province from 2001-2012,the data of the schistosomiasis sampling survey in Sichuan Province in 2001,and the relevant reference of Three Gorges Reservoir were collected. The schisto-somiasis prevalence in human and cattle,and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were investigated. The snail survey was imple-mented in Qianjin Village,Jianyang City,Sichuan Province,the nearest village to Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Results The schistosomiasis endemic situation presented a continuous declining state in Sichuan Province from 2000-2012,and reached the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled in 2008. From 2012,65.07%of endemic counties reached the criteria of schis-tosomiasis transmission interrupted. From 2006,no schistosome infected snails were found. In Qianjin Village,1714 m2 environ-ments were surveyed and no snails were found. Conclusions The schistosomiasis endemic area and snail area are significantly reduced in Sichuan Province,the upstream of Yangtze River basin,after the construction of Three Gorges Reservoir. Therefore, the possibility of schistosomiasis endemic diffusing to Three Gorges Reservoir area is minimum.

Objective To establish an index system of the key factors of elimination of schistosomiasis. Methods A ques?tionnaire was designed based on the reference review,and 24 scientists working in the field of schistosomiasis control or re?search or management were investigated by using the Delphi method. The importance of each index reflecting the endemicity of schistosomiasis was scored by each scientist. The assessing system for key factors of eliminating schistosomiasis was established , and the normalized weight and combined weight were calculated. Results The assessing system included three indexes in the first grade,seven indexes in the second grade and thirteen indexes in the third grade. Among the indexes in the first grade,the normalized weights of endemicity,natural environment and social environment were 0.371 1,0.339 5,and 0.289 4,respective?ly. Among the indexes in the second grade,the economy showed the highest combined weight of 0.289 4 while the agriculture and sanitation both showed the lowest score of 0.112 7. Among the indexes in the third grade,the infection rate of animals showed the highest combined weight of 0.124 6 while the agriculture and plant structure both showed the lowest score of 0.053 0. Conclusion The indexes of the assessing system provide the scientific evidence for surveillance work when elimination of schis?tosomiasis.

Objective To understand the schistosomiasis control progress and endemic situation,so as to provide the evi?dence for formulating the strategy of schistosomiasis elimination in Sichuan Province. Methods The schistosomiasis history da?ta,working reports of schistosomiasis prevention and control,schistosomiasis surveillance data,and data of schistosomiasis pre?vention and control capacity were collected and analyzed for the schistosomiasis control progress and epidemic situation in Sich?uan Province from 2004 to 2015. Results There were 63 schistosomiasis endemic districts in 11 cities in Sichuan Province, and the standard of schistosomiasis transmission interruption was achieved in the whole province in 2015. Currently,the area with Oncomelania hupensis snails was 2 537.54 hm2,and there were 1 769 advanced schistosomiasis patients. From 2004 to 2015,the accumulated survey area with snails was 433 065.80 hm2,and the area of snail control by molluscicides was 251 259 hm2. There were 26.017 144 million person?times of schistosomiasis blood tests and 7.89 million person?times of chemotherapy. There were 1.276 117 million head?times of cattle that received the schistosomiasis examinations. The schistosomiasis patients and livestock and the area with snails were decreased year by year. Since 2010,there were no local schistosome?infected resi?dents and livestock and since 2004,there were no schistosome?infected snails. However,in some area,the professional person?nel were less,the technology and hardware lagged behind,and the schistosomiasis prevention and control capacity was weak. Conclusions Sichuan Province achieved the standard of schistosomiasis transmission interruption in 2015. In the future,the comprehensive schistosomiasis prevention and control strategy still should be strengthened,including the promotion of schistoso?miasis prevention and control capacity,establishment of sensitive early?warning surveillance system,and implementation of ac?curate schistosomiasis prevention and control,in order to consolidate the control achievements and realize the aim of schistoso?miasis elimination as soon as possible.

OBJECTIVEThe present study is to investigate the protective effects of asiaticoside on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice.

METHODWith the sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), forty eight kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups as sham operated, CLP treated, CLP + asiaticoside 15, 45 mg x kg(-1) groups. General conditions and the amount of dead rate of mice were observed. The BUN and Cr levels were observed by the kits. IL-6 in serum was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Kidney tissues were harvested for determination of iNOS expression by Western blotting analysis. The pathologic changes were observed under electron microscope via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain.

RESULTCompared with CLP group, the death rate, the levels of BUN, Cr, IL-6, and iNOS protein expression of asiaticoside groups were significantly reduced. The pathologic changes in kidney tissues induced by sepsis were significantly attenuated dose-dependently by asiaticoside under electron microscope.

CONCLUSIONAsiaticoside has protective effects against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, which were probably associated with the inhibition of IL-6 in serum and iNOS protein in kidney tissues.

Acute Kidney Injury ; drug therapy ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; Random Allocation ; Sepsis ; complications ; Triterpenes ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Tongfeng trace elements nutrient balance agent on the various growth indicators, physiological indicators, and the contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in one-year old Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

METHODThe plants of G. uralensis growing in Chifeng of Inner Mongolia and medicinal garden of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were fertilized for two times, respectively. The photosynthetic physiological indicators were measured by LI-6400 photosynthetic instrument. The pigments and antioxidase activities of the leaves were determined. Then contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in the plants were determined by HPLC.

RESULTThe application of this trace element nutrient balance agent could significantly improve the height, chla and chlb, and the photosynthetic physiology indicator such as P(n), C(i), and G(s). Similarly, it could significantly increase the fresh weight of shoots and dry weight of the roots. Compared with control block (CK), the fertilizer which was diluted by 300 times (T(1)) and 600 times (T(2)) significantly increased the content of glycyrrhizic acid by 24.72% and 20. 23%. There was significant difference between different treatments (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe Tongfeng trace elements nutrient balance agent could promote growth, physiology and the content of active constituents of G. uralensis, especially the effect of T(1) was superior to T(2).

Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Fertilizers ; Flavanones ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; metabolism ; Oxidoreductases ; metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; drug effects ; Trace Elements ; pharmacology

Objective: To explore the associations between sleep duration and negative emotions among junior college students,and to provide reference for mental health promotion among college students. Methods: Cluster sampling method were used to select 2 524 freshmen from a college in Huainan, Anhui Province. Questionnaires were used to investigate general demographic characteristics, sleep timing, negative emotions and other information. The restricted cubic spline and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and negative emotion among junior college students. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, stress associated symptoms were 19.41%(490), 28.2%(713), 9.9%(250) respectively．The prevalence of negative emotions was higher among boys(24.3%,34.0%,19.1%) than girls(18.7%,27.4%,8.5%). The differences between groups were statistically significant( P <0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep duration and negative emotions showed a non linear dose response relationship. Compared with the reference group(8-<9 h), sleep duration <7 h was significantly associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms and stress symptoms, and <8 h was associated with an increased risk of anxiety symptoms. The additional sleep time on weekends ≥5 h was associated with negative emotions compared with the reference group(<1 h)( P <0.01). Conclusion Short sleep duration and extra weekend sleep are associated with negative emotions. Reasonable sleep schedule among junior college students might be helpful for the prevention and control of negative emotions.

Interferon (IFN)-mediated pathways are a crucial part of the cellular response against viral infection. Type III IFNs, which include IFN-λ1, 2 and 3, mediate antiviral responses similar to Type I IFNs via a distinct receptor complex. IFN-λ1 is more effective than the other two members. Transcription of IFN-λ1 requires activation of IRF3/7 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), similar to the transcriptional mechanism of Type I IFNs. Using reporter assays, we discovered that viral infection induced both IFN-λ1 promoter activity and that of the 3'-untranslated region (UTR), indicating that IFN-λ1 expression is also regulated at the post-transcriptional level. After analysis with microRNA (miRNA) prediction programs and 3'UTR targeting site assays, the miRNA-548 family, including miR-548b-5p, miR-548c-5p, miR-548i, miR-548j, and miR-548n, was identified to target the 3'UTR of IFN-λ1. Further study demonstrated that miRNA-548 mimics down-regulated the expression of IFN-λ1. In contrast, their inhibitors, the complementary RNAs, enhanced the expression of IFN-λ1 and IFN-stimulated genes. Furthermore, miRNA-548 mimics promoted infection by enterovirus-71 (EV71) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), whereas their inhibitors significantly suppressed the replication of EV71 and VSV. Endogenous miRNA-548 levels were suppressed during viral infection. In conclusion, our results suggest that miRNA-548 regulates host antiviral response via direct targeting of IFN-λ1, which may offer a potential candidate for antiviral therapy.
3' Untranslated Regions ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Base Sequence ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Female ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 ; metabolism ; Interleukins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Poly I-C ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the effect of transitional care network platform based on information-motivation-behavior skills (IMB) on self-management and quality of life of patients with diabetes retinopathy (DR) .Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 102 DR inpatients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2019 to June 2021. The patients were divided into research group ( n=51) and control group ( n=51) according to the random number table method. The control group received routine care, while the research group used the network platform based on IMB to conduct transitional care on the basis of the control group. Patients were evaluated before and six months after the intervention. The self-management, blood glucose indicators [hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 hPG) ], and quality of life of the two groups of patients before and after intervention were analyzed. Results:After intervention, the scores of self-management environment, self-management behavior, and self-management cognition in the research group were higher than those in the control group, while the FPG, HAb1c, and 2 hPG were lower than those in the control group. The scores of psychological, physical, social function, and material life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The above differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Applying the network platform based on IMB to carry out transitional care can enhance the self-management of DR patients, improve their blood glucose indicators and quality of life, which has high clinical value.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of coping style between family function and psychological resilience in patients with diabetes retinopathy (DR) .Methods:From September 2021 to August 2022, 310 DR patients who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected as the study subject by convenience sampling. Patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) , Family Assessment Device (FAD) , and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) . Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between coping style, family function, and psychological resilience in DR patients. AMOS 21.0 software was used to establish structural equation models and verify mediating effects. A total of 310 questionnaires were distributed, and 297 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective response rate of the questionnaire was 95.81% (297/310) .Results:Among 297 DR patients, the positive coping dimension score in SCSQ was (14.79±3.58) , while the negative coping dimension score was (16.37±4.02) . the FAD score was (169.28±23.34) . The total score of CD-RISC was (65.62±11.52) . The score of the positive coping dimension was negatively correlated with the FAD score ( P<0.05) , and positively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of CD-RISC ( P<0.05) . The score of negative coping dimension was positively correlated with the score of FAD ( P<0.05) , and negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of CD-RISC ( P<0.05) . The FAD score was negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of CD-RISC ( P<0.05) . Coping styles played a partial mediating effect between family function and psychological resilience, with the mediating effect accounting for 53.65% of the total effect. Conclusions:DR patients have poor family functional and moderate psychological resilience, and their coping styles tend to be negative. Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to and improve the family function of patients, promote their positive response to diseases, and enhance their family function and psychological resilience.

Objective To explore the value of multi-parameter spectral CT for differentiating grade G2-3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor(pNET)and pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(pNEC).Methods Preoperative double-layer detector spectral CT(DLCT)data of 35 patients with pNET(pNET group,including 25 cases of G2 grade and 10 cases of G3 grade)and 17 patients with pNEC(pNEC group)were retrospectively analyzed.Conventional CT and spectral CT parameters were compared between groups,and those being significant different between groups according to univariate analysis were respectively incorporated into multivariate logistic regression to select the independent predictors for identifying grade G2-3 pNET and pNEC.Conventional CT model and spectral CT model were constructed,and the combined model was constructed based on the two.The efficacy of each model for distinguishing grade G2-3 pNET and pNEC was evaluated.Results CT values of lesions during venous phase(OR=0.939,P=0.025)and vascular invasion(OR=5.049,P=0.027)shown on conventional CT were both independent predictors,and conventional CT model was constructed,its area under the curve(AUC)for distinguishing grade G2-3 pNET and pNEC was 0.808.Normalized iodine concentration during venous phase(OR=0.603)and normalized effective atomic number during venous phase(OR=0.847)on spectral CT were both independent predictors(both P＜0.05),and spectral CT model was constructed.The AUC of spectral CT model was 0.894,higher than that of conventional CT model(Z=2.127,P=0.033).The AUC of combined model was 0.924,higher than that of conventional CT model(Z=2.302,P=0.021)but not significantly different with that of spectral CT model(Z=0.827,P=0.408).Conclusion Multi-parameter spectral CT could effectively differentiate grade G2-G3 grade pNET and pNEC.