Objective:To explore the difference of brain structure between patients with early-onset depression with and without suicidal ideation and its relationship with the severity of depression.Methods:Totally 37 patients with early-onset depressive disorder with suicidal ideation and 23 patients with early-onset depressive disorder without suicidal ideation were examined by psychological assessment and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)from 2019 to 2020.Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) technology was used to compare the differences in brain structure between the two groups of subjects, and further analyze the relationship between the gray matter volume of the different brain areas and the severity of depression. The demographic and clinical data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0 statistical software package. The comparison between the two groups was performed by double sample t-test and chi square test. SPM8 software was used for VBM statistical analysis, and double sample t test was used for image analysis and comparison between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the mean gray matter volume of the two groups and the scores of HAMD-17 and Beck scale for suicide ideation(BSI). Results:Compared with the group without suicide ideation, the volume of gray matter in the right middle frontal gyrus(MNI: x, y, z=28.5, 33.0, 43.5, FWE correction for mass level, P<0.05)and left angular gyrus of the suicide idea group increased(MNI: x, y, z=-37.5, -73.5, 48.0, FWE correction for mass level, P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus and the HAMD-17 scale, BSI scale in patients with early-onset depression ( r=0.073, r=-0.153, both P>0.05). Conclusion:There are structural differences in the right middle frontal gyrus and left angular gyrus between patients with early-onset depression with suicidal ideation and patients with early-onset depression without suicidal ideation, and there was no significant correlation between gray matter volume and depression severity.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors related to urinary tract infection after indwelling ureteral D-J tube in pregnant women with acute renal colic.Methods:Clinical data of 109 pregnant women with acute renal colic undergoing indwelling ureteral D-J tube in emergency department of Taizhou Hospital or Enze Hospital from January 2008 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 31 cases (28.4%) with urinary tract infection after discharge and before delivery (infection group) and 78 cases without infection (non-infected group). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors of urinary tract infection after ureteral D-J tube insertion.Results:In 109 patients the average age was 28 (25,33) years, the average gestational age was 26 (21,31)weeks, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 24.84 (22.60,27.43) kg/m 2. Compared with the non-infected group, the infection group had a higher rate of positive urine culture [38.7%(12/31) vs. 15.4%(12/78), χ2=6.56, P=0.010] and diabetes [45.2%(14/31) vs. 11.5%(9/78), χ2=13.86, P<0.001], and a lower gestational age [23(20,28) vs.27(21,32) weeks, Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.006]. Multivariate analysis showed that diabetes( OR=7.739,95 %CI:2.579-23.223, P<0.001), positive urine culture( OR=3.249,95 %CI:1.131-9.330, P=0.029), and gestational age( OR=0.201,95 %CI:0.042-0.955, P=0.044) were independent risk factors for urinary tract infection in pregnant women with acute renal colic after ureteral D-J tube insertion. Conclusion:History of diabetes, gestational age, and positive preoperative urine culture are risk factors for urinary tract infection after ureteral D-J tube insertion in pregnant women with acute renal colic.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the auditory performance of infants with cochlear implants at the early stage after surgery, summarize the development of auditory ability, investigate the effect of age at cochlear implantation on auditory performance within the first year after surgery and provide a reference for their habilitation program. METHOD: A total of 272 infants with prelingually profound hearing loss participated in this study, ranging in age at cochlear implantation from 18 to 36 months. The mean age was 21 months with a standard deviation of 7 months. Infants with cochlear implants were divided into three groups according to their age at implantation. Infants in group A were implanted under 18 months of age. Infants in group B were implanted between 18 and 24 months of age. Infants in group C were implanted between 25 and 36 months of age. Categories of auditory performance (CAP) was used to evaluate the auditory performance, which rates auditory abilities in eight categories for a scale of 0 to 7. RESULT: The mean scores of CAP for all infants at each interval were significantly different after implantation. Significant differences were observed in mean scores of CAP among these three groups in 1 and 3 months after switch-on. However there were no significant differences in pre-operation, 6, 9 and 12 months after switch-on. CONCLUSION There is a significant improvement in auditory performance of infants with prelingually profound hearing loss within the first year after cochlear implantation. The age at cochlear implantation has no critical influence on the development of auditory capabilities at the early stage after surgery. CAP is a practical tool which can be used in clinic in China.
Age Factors ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; surgery ; Female ; Hearing ; Humans ; Infant

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of desloratadine citrate disodium in mice with hypersensitivity pneumonitis （HP）. METHODS Sixty mice were randomly divided into blank control group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， prednisone group （positive control， 20 mg/kg） and desloratadine citrate disodium low-， medium- and high-dose groups （0.5， 1， 2 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank control group， mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with ovalbumin （OVA） and exposed to OVA inhalation to establish the HP model. On day 22 post- modeling， mice in each group were administered the corresponding drugs or normal saline， once a day， for 11 consecutive days. After the last administration， lung function and airway hyperreactivity were assessed. The levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， IL-4 and IL-6 in serum as well as the levels of IL-8， IL-13 and IL-17A in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. Pathological changes in lung tissue of mice were evaluated using Masson staining. Furthermore， the expressions of fibrosis-related proteins， including transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1）， type Ⅲ collagen （Col-Ⅲ） and fibronectin （FN） were determined in lung tissues. RESULTS Compared with the blank control group， the model group showed significant deterioration in lung function （P＜ 0.01）， while airway resistance and serum levels of IL-1β， IL-4， IL-6 and the levels of IL-8， IL-13 and IL-17A in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. The lung tissues exhibited alveolar collapse， atrophy， and structural disarray， along with the formation of extensive deposits of blue collagen fibers， the percentage of positive staining increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Additionally， the expression levels of TGF-β1， Col-Ⅲ， and FN proteins in the lung tissues were also increased significantly （P＜0.01）. After intervention with desloratadine citrate disodium， the pathological changes in the lung tissues of mice in each dosage group of desloratadine citrate disodium showed varying degrees of improvement， and most of the aforementioned indicator levels were significantly reversed （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Desloratadine citrate disodium can improve the lung function and airway hyperreactivity of HP mice， inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid， and reduce the deposition of collagen fibers. Its mechanism of action may be related to anti-inflammatory， immunomodulatory， and antifibrotic effects.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with invasive fungal sinusitis (invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, IFR) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and explored the risk factors for IFR after allo-HSCT.Methods:Nineteen patients with IFR after allo-HSCT at Peking University People’s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were selected as the study group, and 95 patients without IFR after allo-HSCT during this period were randomly selected as the control group (1:5 ratio) .Results:Nineteen patients, including 10 males and 9 females, had IFR after allo-HSCT. The median age was 36 (10–59) years. The median IFR onset time was 68 (9–880) days after allo-HSCT. There were seven patients with acute myeloid leukemia, five with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, two with myelodysplastic syndrome, two with chronic myeloid leukemia, one with acute mixed-cell leukemia, one with multiple myeloma, and one with T-lymphoblastic lymph node tumor. There were 13 confirmed cases and 6 clinically diagnosed cases. The responsible fungus was Mucor in two cases, Rhizopus in four, Aspergillus in four, and Candida in three. Five patients received combined treatment comprising amphotericin B and posaconazole, one patient received combined treatment comprising voriconazole and posaconazole, nine patients received voriconazole, and four patients received amphotericin B. In addition to antifungal treatment, 10 patients underwent surgery. After antifungal treatment and surgery, 15 patients achieved a response, including 13 patients with a complete response and 2 patients with a partial response. Multivariate analysis revealed that neutropenia before transplantation ( P=0.021) , hemorrhagic cystitis after transplantation ( P=0.012) , delayed platelet engraftment ( P=0.008) , and lower transplant mononuclear cell count ( P=0.012) were independent risk factors for IFR after allo-HSCT. The 5-year overall survival rates in the IFR and control groups after transplantation were 29.00%±0.12% and 91.00%±0.03%, respectively ( P<0.01) . Conclusion:Although IFR is rare, it is associated with poor outcomes in patients undergoing allo-HSCT. The combination of antifungal treatment and surgery might be effective.