Objective To investigate the changes of the peripheral blood platelet counting and function the mouse model of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and to observe the effect of Zidian Granule (ZG). Methods The peripheral platelet counting was conducted with the automatic hemocyte analyzer; CD41 andCD61 level was measured with flow cytometry. Results The amount of the peripheral blood platelet in ITP model mouse was decreased after injection of antiplatelet serum (APS) and CD41 and CD61 were also decreased.(P

Objective To compare differences and similarities of the content of trigonelline in Himalaica mirabilis of either wild or cultivated materials from different places. Methods An HPLC method was established to determine the content of trigonelline in Himalaica mirabilis. ZORBAX XDB-CN column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was used, with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.03%acetic acid (85∶15), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, detection wavelength of 265 nm, determination wavelength of 360 nm, and column temperature of 30 ℃. Results Regression calculation was made on peak area with the reference solution concentration, and then got the regression equation A=23.409C-26.398, r=0.999 8. Trigonelline showed good linear relation with peak area among the range of 2.004-200.400 μg/mL. The average recovery of trigonelline was 99.57%, RSD=1.11%. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the content of trigonelline of either wild or cultivated materials from different places. This study laid the foundation of application of the cultivated Himalaica mirabilis.

This study was aimed to establish the TLC identification method of Radix Mirab ilis himalaic a. The β-sitosterol and daucosterol were used as the reference substances. The single-factor test was used. A variety of factors which affected TLC were systematically investigated to filter out the best TLC conditions for identification of different batches of medicines. The results showed that the best TLC conditions were as follows: silica gel G plates, extraction solvent (methanol), reagent (5% sulfuric acid in ethanol), extraction method (ultrasonic extraction with methanol), ex-tracted time (30 min), the agent (petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-acetone (5:2:1)) and sample volume (6 μL). It was concluded that the method, which had high separation degree, was reproducible and simple. It can be used as the quality control of Radix Mirab ilis himalaic a.

To investigate roles of nitric oxide (NO) signal in accumulations of phenolic acids in abscisic.acid (ABA)-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots, S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots were treated with different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-an exogenous NO donor, for 6 days, and contents of phenolic acids in the hairy roots are determined. Then with treatment of ABA and NO scavenger (2-(4-carboxy-2-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1- oxyl-3-oxide, c-PTIO) or NO synthase inhibitor (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME), contents of phenolic acids and expression levels of three key genes involved in phenolic acids biosynthesis were detected. Phenolic acids production in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots was most significantly improved by 100 µmoL/L SNP. Contents of RA and salvianolic acid B increased by 3 and 4 folds. ABA significantly improved transcript levels of PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase), TAT (tyrosine aminotransferase) and RAS (rosmarinic acid synthase), and increased phenolic acids accumulations. However, with treatments of ABA+c-PTIO or ABA+L-NAME, accumulations of phenolic acids and expression levels of the three key genes were significantly inhibited. Both NO and ABA can increase accumulations of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. NO signal probably mediates the ABA-induced phenolic acids production.
Abscisic Acid ; pharmacology ; Benzofurans ; metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Hydroxybenzoates ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; metabolism ; Tyrosine Transaminase ; metabolism

This study was aimed to identify Chrysanthemi Flosbefore and after sulfur fumigation based on its different odour by the electronic nose technology.It was expected to explore a new method for the Chrysanthemi Flos identification according to the odour.The electronic nose technology was used in the detection of peak response values of Chrysanthemi Flos on sensor array.The principal component analysis (PCA) and 10 machine learning (ML) ways were used in the analysis of response values and establishment of optimized identification models.The results showed that there was a significant difference in the odour between sulfur fumigated Chrysanthemi Flos and non-sulfur fumigated ones.The identification models were successful with high correct judge rate by PCA and 6 ML ways including BF Tree,J48 and Random Tree.It was concluded that the electronic nose technology can be used for the accurate identification of sulfur fumigated Chrysanthemi Flos and non-sulfur fumigated ones.The electronic nose technology combined with multiple ML methods can be introduced in the quality evaluation of Chrysanthemi Flos.It provided more ideas for the application of electronic nose in data mining for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) studies.

Objective Fructus Amomi(Sharen) is derived from the dry ripe fruit of Amomum villosum Lour., A.villosum Lour. var. xanthioides T.L. Wu et Senjen and A.longiligulate T.L.Wu, which is widely utilized for its clinic effects on digestive system. However, Fructus Amomi from different species and habitats, possessing different quality, is difficult to identify. In this study, we aim to develop a simple, rapid and reliable method for authentication of Fructus Amomi. Methods Twenty-five batches of samples of Fructus Amomi were collected and electronic nose was introduced into analyzing their odor with multiple mathematical statistics methods. Na?ve bayes network (NBN), radical basis function (RBF) and random forest (RF) were applied to establish different classifiers while BestFirst+CfsSubsetEval (BC) was used to screen the attributes for searching sensor array with higher contributions. Results Firstly, after attribute-screening via BC, the established discriminative models via NBN, RBF and RF could successfully identify genuine and non-genuine samples, presenting correct judging ratios of 78% and 84% through ten-fold cross validation and external test set validation, respectively. Besides, quantity predictive models were constructed as well. In case of content of bornyl acetate, one of the effective components in Fructus Amomi, values were higher than 3.5 mg/g and lower than 1.8 mg/g with sensor response of 0.04 and 0.03, respectively. Conclusion In this paper, quality discriminative model and quantity predictive model of Fructus Amomi were established via electronic nose and multiple mathematical statistics methods. It indicates that electronic nose could be a promising method for quality evaluation of Chinese material medica.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience and efficacy of surgical treatment for Stanford type A aortic dissection leading to acute lower limb ischemia.Methods From January 2014 to January 2018,12 patients with severe lower limb ischemia caused by acute type A aortic dissection were treated with Suns surgery.Among them,11 patients were treated with restoration of lower limb blood supply preferentially,including 10 cases of femoral artery bypass and 1 case of abdominal aorta-iliac artery stent graft implantation.Another case was treated with ascending aorta-femoral artery bypass after Sung surgery.Results 3 cases died of ischemia and necrosis of the lower extremities.Two of them died of multiple organ failure due to amputation and one died of low cardiac output due to refractory acidosis.Acute renal failure performed bedside CRRT in 5 patients and ECMO in 1 patient.The remaining 9 patients were discharged from the hospital and the symptoms of lower limb ischemia disappeared.After an average follow-up of 23 months,the re-examination of the aorta CTA showed that the bypass artery was unobstructed and the distal femoral artery was well developed.One patient infecting vascular prosthesis was cured by taking out the unit.Conclusion For acute lower limb ischemia caused by type A aortic dissection,blood flow of lower extremities should be restored as soon as possible to reduce mortality and complications.Femoral artery bypass and abdominal aorta-iliac arterial repair are simple and effective in reconstructing lower limb blood supply.

Objective:To analyze the mechanism of Danpi-Chishao in treatment of sepsis based on network pharmacology.Methods:The corresponding targets of Danpi-Chishao and sepsis were carried out through TCMSP database, OMIM database and Genecards database. Cystoscope 3.8.2 software was used to construct the " Chinese medicine-active components-target-disease" network diagram. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were carried out by DAVID database. Weisheng cloud platform was used to draw bubble map.Results:A total of 36 effective components of Danpi-Chishao was obtained, mainly including quercetin, kaempferol, baicalin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, paeoniflorin and so on. There were 96 potential common key targets between Danpi-Chishao and sepsis, such as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), transcription factor p65 (RELA), phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma (PIK3CG), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-associated X (BAX), BCL-2, Caspase-3 (CASP3) with a degree value>4.9. The result of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that there were 10 important target proteins, including alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), CASP3, PTGS2, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). The pathways obtained by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis included atherosclerosis pathway, advanced glycation end products (AGE)-receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signal pathway, cancer pathway, tumor necrosis factor signal pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signal pathway, IL-17 signal pathway and other pathway.Conclusions:The mechanism of the intervention effect of Danpi-Chishao on sepsis may be that the active components such as quercetin, kaempferol, paeoniflorin act on target proteins such as PTGS2, RELA, PIK3CG, BAX, BCL2, CASP3, and through TNF-related signal pathway, HIF-1 signal pathway, IL-17 signal pathway, etc. Nonetheless, the conclusion needs further experimental verification.

Objective: To clarify the specific mechanisms of action of raw Phellodendron chinense Schneid. (RPC) and saltwater-processed PC (SPC) in the treatment of rats with a kidney-yin deficiency pattern (KYDP). Methods: Healthy rats were administered hydrocortisone to establish a KYDP model. The rats were divided into seven groups: blank control, model, positive control (Liuwei Dihuang pills), high-dose RPC, low-dose RPC, high-dose SPC, and low-dose SPC. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of cAMP, cGMP, TRH, TSH, T3, T4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and testosterone in the serum and the levels of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in the liver. TRH mRNA expression in the rat hypothalamus was measured using RT-PCR. THRα1+2 protein expression in the hypothalamus of rats was measured using Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression levels of FAS, FasL, and TSHR. Flow cytometry was used to determine CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte levels. Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used to evaluate the diversity of intestinal flora in KYDP rats. Results: The cAMP/cGMP ratio was significantly higher in the model group than in the blank control group (P = .048). Compared with the model group, after administration, the levels of the above-mentioned serum and liver indexes decreased, except that of testosterone. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio also decreased. Compared with the RPC group, the levels of T3, IFN-γ, FAS, FasL, and TSHR in the SPC group decreased whereas that of testosterone increased. Additionally, immune function and intestinal flora diversity improved in the SPC group. SPC proved to be more effective in improving liver energy metabolism in KYDP rats than RPC. Conclusion SPC had a better therapeutic effect on KYDP than RPC. The underlying mechanism of action may be related to improvements in liver energy metabolism, immune function, and intestinal flora diversity.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of the loss of basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) influencing factors in the elderly population in China and provide evidence for the effective keeping and improvement of the elderly daily living.Methods The information about demographic characteristics and activities of daily living of elderly Chinese aged ≥ 60 years were collected by using the data of 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.The elderly's ADL of taking bath,eating,getting in and out of bed,dressing,toilet use,and defecating and the IADL of doing housework,cooking,making phone call,taking medicine,shopping and money managing were evaluated.The differences in loss of ADL among different populations were compared by x2 test and logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors for the loss of ADL and IADL.Results The overall ADL loss rate was 23.8％ and the overall IADL loss rate was 35.4％ in elderly Chinese.The proportion of having trouble in toilet use was highest among all ADL items,followed by bathing and getting in and out of bed.The proportion of having trouble in making phone call was highest among all IADL items,followed by doing housework and money managing.Female,older age,low educational level,living in central and western China,chronic diseases and disability were factors associated with ADL loss and IADL loss;the divorced or separated,widowed were more likely to have ADL loss;people living in rural area were more likely to have IADL loss.Conclusion It is necessary to take comprehensive measures to delay and reduce the ADL and IADL loss in elderly Chinese and provide timely and appropriate health care for the elderly with ADL or IADL loss.