Microfluidics deals with the manipulation of fluidics in the structure with dimensions of micrometers or nanometers. As an emerging field, microfluidics has numerous advantages, such as controllable fluid flow and reduced reagents consumption. Recently, microfluidic has been applied into the area of cell transfection, providing opportunities to investigate cell transfection process on microscale. This review summarizes recent technical development of cell transfection based on microfluidics, including transfeceted microarray, transfecetion established in miniaturization flowing space, microdrops, microinjection and microfluidic electroporation. The factors that affect the transfection efficiency and improvement approaches are also discussed.
Electroporation ; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ; instrumentation ; Miniaturization ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Transfection

The authors reviewed the practice of integrated health care delivery system( IDS) at home and abroad, and based on experiences of collaborations between medical service institutions in Zhejiang province,proposed the strategic positioning,responsibilities and service innovation of urban public hospitals in a regional medical service system. It is held that the direction of China′s health care reform should move towards IDS in the future,and such hospitals should play an active role in the process via integration of its own resource and provide multi-level,diversified services for the regional health care system.

The clinical data of rare hemiaxial limb skeletal Ollier disease in a child admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University in July 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.The literature was reviewed and the methods of diagnosis and treatment of Ollier disease in children were summarized.The patient is a 3-year-old boy, who was hospitalized for 2 days of claudication of the right lower limb.Imaging examination showed hemiaxial limb ske-letal disease and suggested the possibility of histiocytosis.Curettage, bone graft and plaster external fixation were performed on the lesions of the right femoral neck and greater trochanter.The postoperative pathological results indicated endogenous chondroma.The follow-up results revealed that the bone graft healed well, the symptoms of claudication were improved, and there were no complications such as infections and femoral head necrosis.Long tubular bones are the main site of children′s Ollier disease, but multiple lesions in hemiaxial limbs are extremely rare.It is difficult to diagnose this rare case, which is easily misdiagnosed.At present, it′s diagnosis still needs to be confirmed by pathological examination.Surgical treatment and long-term follow-up are needed for children with a wide range of lesions, seriously impaired limb function and obvious limb deformity.

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia on somatotropic axis hormone levels in rats.Methods Mature male Wistar rats were exposed to air or intermittent hypoxia randomly.The serum levels of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH),growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin (SS) were measured before exposure,at the 4th,8th,and 12th week after exposure.Different hormone levels in two groups were compared and analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,GHRH levels in chronic intermittent hypoxic group showed a significant decline at the 4th week [(732.77± 46.99)pg/ml vs.(893.59±40.00) pg/ml,P＜0.05],while SS levels at the 8th week [(30.71 ±2.27) pg/ml vs.(44.69±3.36) pg/ml,P＜0.05] and GH levels at the 12th week [(1.20±0.29) ng/ml vs.(2.06±0.13) ng/ml,P＜0.05]were similarly reduced.As the duration of intermittent hypoxia was prolonged,the GHRH levels did not decrease further [4th week (732.77±46.99) pg/ml vs.8th week (607.54± 131.61) pg/ml vs.12th week (730.05±40.63) pg/ml,P＞0.05].However,the serum SS levels decreased further from the 8th week to the 12th week [(30.71±2.27) pg/ml vs.(24.41±4.06) pg/ml,P＜0.05].Conclusion Chronic intermittent hypoxia might inhibit the function of somatotropic axis.Hypothalamic hormones are the earlyonesto be influenced,thereafter the entire axis.

Objective To explore the factors that contribute to the anxiety and depression in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients in terms of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and sleep quality.Methods A total of 196 OSAHS patients,including 103 severe patients and 93 mild-moderate patients,were enrolled.Polysomnography was carried on at the sleep center of the First Hospital of China Medical University between May 2013 and November 2015.According to the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and the subject daytime sleepiness symptom,all patients were divided into EDS group and non-EDS group.The patients' general information and subjective symptoms were recorded.Emotional states were assessed with self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS).Sleep quality was evaluated with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI).The anxiety and depression related factors were studied by regression analysis.Results (1) In severe OSAHS group,the patients with EDS showed higher PSQI(6.22± 2.57 vs.4.05± 3.72,P＜0.01) and oxygen desaturation index(ODI)[(57.70±17.53) events/h vs.(48.23 ± 22.01)events/h,P＜0.05] when compared with those without EDS.(2) In both severe and mild-moderate OSAHS groups,the patients with EDS presented higher SAS scores (severe:33.86±7.60 vs.28.95 ± 4.71,mild-moderate:37.46± 10.68 vs.33.40± 11.07,P＜0.05)and SDS scores(severe:32.81 ± 8.36 vs.28.90±4.53,mild-moderate:36.98± 12.77 vs.31.70±10.94,P＜0.05)when compared with those without EDS.(3) The multiple regression analysis showed that the SAS scores were related to ESS,PSQI,insomnia and nasal obstruction (R2=0.356,P＜0.05),and the SDS scores were related to ESS,PSQI and insomnia(R2=0.344,P＜0.05).Conclusions The anxiety and depression of OSAHS patients are closely related to the severity of EDS and sleep quality.Both severe and mild-moderate OSAHS patients with EDS have worse anxiety and depression scores.