AIM: To discuss the tongxinluo supermicropowder's interventional effect on aorta endodermis of rabbits which are fed with fatty forage plants.METHODS: Thirty-two healthy male New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly: control group,model group,atorvastatin treatment group,and tongxinluo treatment group.The control group was fed with common feedstuff,and all the other groups were fed with fatty feedstuff.The atorvastatin treatment group and the tongxinluo treatment group were given suspension of atorvastatin(3 g?kg-1?d-1) and tongxinluo supermicropowder(0.31 g?kg-1?d-1) by intragastric administration on the basis of fatty feedstuff.All the groups were fed with medicine for 6 weeks.At the end of 6 weeks,blood lipid levels were observed by enzymic method,the levels of blood serum NO and MDA and the activity of SOD were observed by chromatometry,the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-?B),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) was detected,and VCAM-1mRNA expression in the aortic tissue was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).RESULTS: The levels of blood serum TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,and MDA were increased significantly compared with the control group(P

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of Bean Bag in lateral position placing during pulmonary operations,evaluate its effects by comparing with the routine placing of lateral position by sandbags and side shields, and to provide scientific evidences to solve the existing clinical problems in lateral position placing. Methods One hundred patients with pulmonary surgeries who needed lateral position placing were divided into Bean Bag group and routine method group randomly according to random digit table,50 patients in each group.Bean bag was used in lateral position placing in Bean Bag group,while sandbags and side shields were used in routine lateral position placing in routine method group. The required time for positioning and skin pressing condition, the activity of both upper limbs during postoperative follow-up were recorded.The satisfaction of operating surgeons on this position was acquired by self-designed questionnaire when operation was finished. Results The required time for positioning in Bean Bag group was(178.36±24.27)seconds,and that for positioning in routine method group was (282.06 ± 29.34) seconds, there was statistically significant difference between two groups (t=19.254,P<0.01).There were 14 patients who appeared skin injury and press red in Bean Bag group and 27 patients who appeared skin injury and press red in routine method group, and there was statistically significant difference between two groups(χ2=6.986,P=0.008).In Bean Bag group,the total score of seven items in satisfaction questionnaire of operating surgeons on patient's position was 38.34±1.36,while that in routine method group was 29.34±1.29,there was statistically significant difference between two groups(Z=33.924,all P<0.01). Conclusions Our study indicated that it was feasible and safe to use Bean Bag to place lateral position.The exposure of operating field was good and the stability of position was strong. Compared with routine position placing method, lateral position placing by using Bean Bag could save time, the operating procedures were more simple and convenient, and it could protect the physiological function of all aspects in patient's body more effectively, the satisfaction of surgeons for this method in lateral position placing was higher. It might deserve to popularize this method in the clinical practice in the future.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate therapeutic efficacy of modified Shenqi dihuang decoction in the treatment of chronic glomerular nephritis. METHODS:Retrieved from Wanfang database,CNKI,VIP,CBM,Cochrane Library,Medline, EMBase and PubMed,randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about modified Shenqi dihuang decoction combined with conventional therapy and (or) other Chinese patent medicine (trial group) vs. conventional therapy and (or) other Chinese patent medicine (control group)in the treatment of chronic glomerular nephritis were collected. Meta-analysis was carried out by using Rev Man 5.3 software after literature scanning,data extraction and quality evaluation. Stata 14.0 software was used to conduct Egger test to evaluate publication bias. If publication bias existed,the effect of publication bias on outcome was further evaluated by scissor compensation. TSA v0.9 software was used for trial sequential analysis(TSA)of total efficency. RESULTS:A total of 10 RCTs were included,involving 707 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that total response rate of trial group [RR＝1.40,95%CI(1.22, 1.61),P＜0.001] was significantly higher than that of control group; the level of urine protein [SMD＝－1.97,95%CI(－2.92,－1.03),P＜0.001] and Scr [MD＝－28.41,95%CI(－38.95,－17.87),P＜0.001] in trial group were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance. Publication bias test of total response rate was conducted,and results of it showed that there was publication bias,but bias did not affect the results of this study. TSA analysis showed that the evidence of Meta-analysis was false positive. CONCLUSIONS:Therapeutic efficacy of modified Shenqi dihuang decoction for chronic glomerular nephritis need to be proved by more stringent RCTs.

Objective:To compare the teaching effect of basic medical integrated courses and clinical medical integrated courses based on organ system with the traditional teaching model based on discipline,so as to provide theoretical reference for training medical talents.Methods:The program of integration of basic medical courses and clinical medical courses was formulated.The current clinical medical students who participated in the medical licensing examination were selected as the research objects under the three teaching models of basic and clinical medical integrated courses,clinical medical integrated courses,and discipline-based courses.The students'scores of comprehensive basic medicine,comprehensive clinical medicine,and medical licensing examination were analyzed to preliminarily evaluate the implementation effect of the integrated teaching model of basic medicine and clinical medicine.Result:There was no significant difference in the examination scores of students under the three teaching modes.Conclusion:The organ system-based integrated teaching model has no significant effect on students'academic performance in the short term.

Objective To evaluate the value of cardiac MRI in the diagnosis of Ebstein anomaly (EA). Methods Twenty patients from February 2014 to April 2017 with EA confirmed by surgery were enrolled into this study. The analysis in all patients was made according to preoperative cardiac MRI, 2D TTE and surgical data, including the changes of tricuspid valve leaflets, Carpentier classification, the size and function of atrioventricle, late Gadolinium enhancement, the total right/left-volume index and cardiopulmonary bypass time,etc.The numbers of apicaldisplaced leaflets and development condition of all the leaflets were compared using the R×C χ2among the three groups.With surgical results as the reference standard, the diagnostic accuracy of the two groups for the development condition of all the leaflets were evaluated. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the differences of the apicaldisplaced distance of septal leaflet, using these three methods. Comparisons of the total right/left-volume index, surgery-related data between patients with or without late gadolinium enhancement were performed by independent t test.Results (1) The results in anatomicalstructures, such as distance of apicaldisplacedseptal leaflet,displacement of each leaflet and the Carpentier classification, showed nostatistical difference among MRI,2D TTE and operational findings. The leaflet dysplasia defined by MRI and 2D TTE areequivalent to surgically defined severe dysplasia, and surgically defined mild to moderate dysplasia can't be identified by the former two methods. The overall diagnostic accuracy of MRI and 2D TTE to identify leaflet dysplasia were 41.3%(19/46) and 34.7%(16/46), respectively.(2) Functional right ventricular volume index decreased in 1 case, normal in 8 cases, increased in 11 cases;functional right ventricula rejection fraction decreased in 15 cases. Six patients' left ventricular volume index decreased, 13 remained in normal range, 1 showed increased;left ventricula rejection fraction decreased in 14 cases. (3)LGE was identified in 8 patients and non-LGE in 12. Difference of the total right/left-volume index [(7.12 ± 4.06) vs. (3.84 ± 2.10), P=0.029] between two groups was statistically significant. However, there was no statistical difference in extracorporeal circulation time, aorticcross-clamping time, intubation time, ICU residence time and postoperative hospital staybetween the LGE and non-LGE groups.Conclusions Cardiac MRI can relatively accurately evaluate the apicaldisplacement of leaflets and the morphological changes of the atria and ventricles, as well as quantitatively evaluate the ventricular function, which can rovide references for clinical diagnosis and severity evaluation of EA.

Ginsenoside Rg5 is a rare ginsenoside showing promising tumor-suppressive effects.This study aimed to explore its radio-sensitizing effects and the underlying mechanisms.Human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and Calu-3 were used for in vitro and in vivo analysis.Bioinformatic molecular docking prediction and following validation by surface plasmon resonance(SPR)technology,cellular thermal shift assay(CETSA),and isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)were conducted to explore the binding between ginsenoside Rg5 and 90 kD heat shock protein alpha(HSP90α).The effects of ginsenoside Rg5 on HSP90-cell division cycle 37(CDC37)interaction,the client protein stability,and the downstream regulations were further explored.Results showed that ginsenoside Rg5 could induce cell-cycle arrest at the G1 phase and enhance irradiation-induced cell apoptosis.It could bind to HSP90α with a high affinity,but the affinity was drastically decreased by HSP90α Y61A mutation.Co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP)and ITC assays confirmed that ginsenoside Rg5 disrupts the HSP90-CDC37 interaction in a dose-dependent manner.It reduced irradiation-induced upre-gulation of the HSP90-CDC37 client proteins,including SRC,CDK4,RAF1,and ULK1 in A549 cell-derived xenograft(CDX)tumors.Ginsenoside Rg5 or MRT67307(an IKKe/TBK1 inhibitor)pretreatment suppressed irradiation-induced elevation of the LC3-Ⅱ/β ratio and restored irradiation-induced downregulation of p62 expression.In A549 CDX tumors,ginsenoside Rg5 treatment suppressed LC3 expression and enhanced irradiation-induced DNA damage.In conclusion,ginsenoside Rg5 may be a potential radiosensitizer for lung adenocarcinoma.It interacts with HSP90α and reduces the binding between HSP90 and CDC37,thereby increasing the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of the HSP90-CDC37 client proteins.

BACKGROUNDThalidomide could relieve clinical symptoms and intestinal mucosal lesions effectively in children with refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from the pre-clinical study. This study aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of thalidomide by the established animal model of IBD model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and to investigate the possible mechanism of action.

METHODSA total of 82 SD rats of about 4-5 weeks were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (25 rats), TNBS-treated group (29 rats), and thalidomide treatment group (28 rats). Daily activities were recorded. At least eight rats from each group were killed on the 4th, 7th, and 14th days. Morphological and histological changes in the colon were individually assessed. Serum was collected and the levels of TNF-α and interleukins (IL-1β and IL-10) were assayed by ELISA method. The expression of colonic mucosal nuclear factor (NF)-κB was assayed with the immunohistochemical method.

RESULTS(1) In the control group, diarrhea and rectal bleeding recovered rapidly and no death was recorded. In the TNBS-treated group, diarrhea and rectal bleeding persisted for a longer time. The mortality rate was 10.34% during the observation period. In the thalidomide treatment group, diarrhea and rectal bleeding persisted for a significantly shorter time than the TNBS-treated group (P < 0.01). The rats of this group also exhibited faster weight gain on day 7 compared with the TNBS-treated group but still lower than that of the control group. The mortality rate of the thalidomide treatment group was 3.57%. (2) Macroscopic and microscopic scores of the thalidomide-treated group were significantly lower than those of the TNBS model group on the 14th day (P < 0.01). These results suggested faster and better colonic recovery in the thalidomide-treated group. (3) NF-κB expression in the colonic mucosa of the control group was lower than in the others, mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. A large amount of intra-nuclear and cytoplasm staining was observed (more prominently intra-nuclear) in the TNBS model group and the thalidomide treatment group. On the 7th and 14th days, intra-nuclear NF-κB-containing cells in the thalidomide treatment group were still significantly lower than those in the TNBS model group (P < 0.01). (4) In the control group, the cellular inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) were expressed at a low level while in the other two groups they were already expressed at a significantly higher level on day 4. On day 7 the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β in the thalidomide treatment group were lower than in the TNBS model group. On day 14, the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β in the thalidomide treatment group were significantly lower than in the TNBS model group (P < 0.05). On day 4, the IL-10 levels of the thalidomide treatment group became significantly elevated. The levels gradually decreased but still remained at a higher level. In the TNBS model group, the IL-10 expression peaked later than in the thalidomide treatment group.

CONCLUSIONSThalidomide was effective in the management of TNBS-induced colitis in young rats. This may be due to the suppression and down-regulation of NF-κB and the expression of the downstream inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IL-1β). There is also indication that the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) is concomitantly up-regulated as well.

Animals ; Colitis ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thalidomide ; therapeutic use ; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ; toxicity ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biomechanical effect of anterior screw fixation on the type II fractured odontoid process.

METHODSTwenty fresh human C1-C2 vertebrae specimens were harvested and randomly divided into three groups. The angle of type II fracture line was 0 degree in group I (n=6), 17 degrees in group II (n=8) and 25 degrees in group III (n=6). The fractures were treated by anterior screw fixation. Insertion torque,maximal axial pullout force and stiffness of the bone-screw were tested.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference of screw insertion torque and the pull-out strength between each group. The displacement of the odontoid fragment had an association to the angle of the fracture line,the displacement of the small angle was significantly higher than that of the large one (P < 0.5). No significant difference of structure stiffness of the bone-screw was found between each group.

CONCLUSIONAnterior screw fixation is feasible for type II odontoid fracture with certain fracture line extends from anteroinferior to posterosuperior.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Screws ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Spinal Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

The study aimed to evaluate the safety and function of poly(lactic-acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL)/fibrinogen nanofibers (P/F-Ns), and provide theoretical basis for the clinical application. The surface morphology, mechanical properties, the hydrophilicity and the fibrinogen content of P/F-Ns were tested by scanning electron microscope, the material testing machine, the contact angle meter and the microplate reader, respectively. The cell adhesion, proliferation and ligament remodeling genes expression of Hig-82 cells on P/F-Ns were conducted through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and real-time quantitative PCR analyses, respectively. The results showed that with the increase of the fibrinogen content, the pore sizes and hydrophilicity of three P/F-Ns increased, but the mechanical properties decreased. Cell adhesion and proliferation tests showed that P/F-N-2 held the best ability to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. The ligament remodeling genes expressions of Hig-82 cells on P/F-N-1, P/F-N-2 and P/F-N-3 were all up-regulated compared to P/F-N-0 on days 3 and 7. All the three P/F-Ns containing fibrinogen (P/F-N-1, P/F-N-2 and P/F-N-3) had better biocompatibility compared to P/F-N-0, and could be efficiently applied to the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Cell Adhesion ; Fibrinogen ; Materials Testing ; Nanofibers

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a new member of the IL-1 cytokine family which plays roles in the nucleus as a nuclear factor and is released by damaged or necrotic cells to act as a cytokine. It can be released via damaged or necrotic cells and functions as a cytokine. The released IL-33 activates the downstream NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways through the isomers of the specific receptor ST2 and the interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP), resulting in danger signals and the activated multiple immune responses. IL-33 is abnormally expressed in various tumors and involves in tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis. Moreover, IL-33 can play both pro-tumor and anti-tumor roles in the same type of tumor.
Cytokines ; Humans ; Interleukin-33/genetics* ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Neoplasms