Objective To explore the diagnosis effect of B-US、CT、MRI and ERCP for hepatolithiasis. Methods Clinical data of 529 patients with hepatolithiasis who were admitted to hospital from January 2000 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The susceptibili-ty differences in intrahepatic stone, hepatic lobe lesion, stenosis and cholangiectasis of bile duct were statistically analyzed through different imaging checks, namely B-US, CT, MRI , ERCP, B-US+CT, B-US+MRI and B-US+ERCP. Results B-US and MRI showed highest sensitivity for intrahepatic stone. CT and MRI showed highest sensitivity for hepatic lobe lesion. B-US and MRI showed the highest sensitivity for cholangiectasis of bile duct. ERCP and MRI showed highest sensitivity for bile duct stenosis. The combined application of B-US and MRI is comprehensive diagnosis for hepatolithiasis. Conclusion B-US associated with MRI is the best methods of imaging check befor hepatolithi-asis surgery.

Objective To analyze whether there is statistic significance among sex,age and outcome of patients suffering from intrahepatic stones,who were grouped according to our clinical pathologic staging proposed recently by professor Dong Jia-hong.Methods Totally 1 259 cases of intrahepatic stones were included.Statistic difference of different typing in sex,age,therapeutic methods and outcome was analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software.Results All types and subtypes by our clinical pathologic stage for intrahepatic stones have statistic difference in therapeutic methods and outcome.Conclusion Our clinical pathologic staging is a reasonable typing method for intrahepatic stones.

Objective To explore the effect of fatty liver on graft survival, especially with reference to macrovesicular and microvesicular steatosis and to evaluate the relationship between histological grading and inflammation activity. Methods Different degrees of rat fatty liver model were established by feeding rats a diet consisting of 79% standard diet, 20% lard and 1% cholesterol. By modified two cuff vascular anastomoses and end to end suture for bile duct, rat orthotopic liver transplantation was performed to evaluate the relationship between donor histological grading and survival rate. Results Low survival rate of macrosteatosis (grade Ⅲ) was found. Most rats died of liver failure in early days after transplantation. Pathological findings showed frequent hepatic necrosis. There was no significant difference between macrosteatosia(gradeⅠ) and the normal group. After transplantation, almost all of the fat was cleared by the end of the fourth week. Diminished steatosis and liver regeneration were found in macrosteatosis (gradeⅡ), while microsteatotic donors had higher survival rate than the other groups except the normal group. Conclusion Macrovesicular steatosis(grade Ⅲ) affects graft survival and these steatotic livers should not be used as donors. However, steatotic livers with mild macrovesicular steatosis (grade Ⅰ) and microvesicular steatosis(grade Ⅲ) do not influence recipient survival, so these livers can be used safely for liver transplantation. The ischemic damage should be considered when using livers of macrovesicular steatosis(gradeⅡ). Donors with numbering score more than 2.7 are correlated with the poor survival.

Objective To observe the survival time, pathological change and liver regeneration in different kinds of reduced size liver transplantation in steatotic rats. Methods Rat models of different kinds of reduced size orthotopic liver transplantation were performed by modified two cuff vascular anastomoses and end to end suture for bile duct to observe the recipient body weight, graft weight, recipient original liver weight, histological and pathological and electron microscopic findings in comparison with those of the whole rat liver transplantation. Results One week survival rate of the whole liver transplantation, 70% reduced size liver transplantation(ROLT), 60% ROLT and 50% ROLT group (grade Ⅰsteatotic donor) was 91.67%, 75%, 75% and 25%, respectively, and 2 week survival rate was 83.33%, 75%, 58.33% and 0, respectively. In grade Ⅱ steatotic donor, 1 week survival rate of the whole liver transplantation and 70% ROLT was 83.33% and 25%. As to donor livers with microvesicular steatosis, 1 week survival rate of the whole liver, 70% ROLT, 60%ROLT and 50% ROLT was 83.33%, 75%, 75% and 33.33% and the 2 week survival rate was 75%, 66.67% 66.67% and 0. The survival rates of 50% ROLT in grade Ⅰ steatotic donor and livers mainly with microvesicular steatosis were significantly different from those in other groups. The 1 week survival rate of 70% ROLT was very poor in steatotic donors in grade Ⅱ. Pathological findings after operation included liver regeneration and mild lymphocyte infiltration in portal space, the amelioration of the steatosis in some cases and dilation of the central vein and sinusoids. Conclusion To obtain long term survival of reduced size liver transplantation using steatotic donors, the GRBW should be over (2.28?0.12)(the ratio of graft to recipient liver weight over 60%). Steatotic livers in grade Ⅱ should not be used as donors in ROLT. The steatosis can be ameliorated after operation.

Objective　To investigate the expression of HGF and TGF-α and their receptor, Met (HGF receptor) and EGFR (TGF-αreceptor) mRNA, in the regenerative liver/hepatocytes after 70% partial hepatectomy (70% PH) in noncirrhotic biliary obstruction rats. Methods　Wistar rats were divided randomly into N-PH group, BDO-RBF-PH group and BDO-RBF group. The expression of HGF/Met mRNA and TGF-α/EGFR mRNA was measured by RT-PCR in the liver/hepatocytes at the time point of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after 70% PH or RBF. Results　In N-PH group, the expression of HGF/Met mRNA increased sharply and peaked at 6 h, and maintained at a high level until 24 h after 70% PH. In BDO-RBF-PH group however, the expression of HGF/Met mRNA increased slowly and peaked at 12 h after 70% PH. The peak level was lower in BDO-RBF-PH group than in N-PH one. The expression of TGF-α/EGFR mRNA increased sharply and peaked at 24 h after 70% PH in N-PH group. However, the expression of TGF-α/EGFR mRNA elevated slowly and peaked at 48 h after 70% PH in BDO-RBF-PH group with a lower peak level than that in N-PH group. Conclusion　The expression of HGF/Met mRNA and TGF-α/EGFR mRNA in the regenerative liver/hepatocytes after 70% PH decreases significantly in noncirrhotic biliary duct obstruction rats. There is a tendency that the expression of HGF mRNA and TGF-α mRNA is less than Met mRNA and EGFR mRNA.

Objective To explore the effect of reduced glutathione and venous systemic oxygen perfusion on apoptosis and ultrastructure of hepatocytes in rat steatotic liver grafts. Methods Before liver transplantation grade Ⅱ steatotic liver model was established by a diet consisting of 79% standard diet,20% lard and 1% cholesterol for 6 weeks. In pretreatment group, the donor received intraperitoneal injection of reduced glutathione at a dosage of 500 mg/kg/body weight 3 times a day for 2 days, and intrahepatic venous oxygen perfusion for 6 hours while kept in cold preservation. Results Preconditioning measures in steatotic liver grafts significantly decreased the hepatocytes necrosis (38?10)% vs (17?6)%, P

Objective:To understand the reliability and validity of quality of life instruments for cancer patients-brain neoplasm [QLICP-BN (V1.0)], a self-developed quality of life scale for cancer patients.Methods:The quality of life of 112 patients with brain neoplasms in Yunnan Cancer Hospital from March 2012 to November 2013 was measured. The general data questionnaire and QLICP-BN (V1.0) were used for data collection. The reliability, validity and responsiveness of the scale were tested, and then the metric characteristics of the scale were evaluated.Results:The split-half reliability of the total score of the scale was 0.95, the Cronbach αcoefficient was 0.92, and the test-retest correlation coefficient rwas 0.78. After extracting common factors by the principal component method and rotating with the maximum variance, the specific module obtained three principal components, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.18%. The score of specific module was 75.30±17.44 before treatment and 78.91±12.20 after treatment ( t=-2.481, P=0.015). The total score of scale before treatment was 65.26±12.29, and that after treatment was 69.62±10.41, with a statistically significant difference ( t=-4.492, P<0.001). The total responsiveness of the scale was 0.456, showing moderate responsiveness. Conclusion:QLICP-BN (V1.0) has good reliability, validity and a certain degree of responsiveness. It can be used as a measurement tool for the quality of life of patients with brain neoplasms in China.

OBJECTIVETo explore the survival time, pathological change and liver regeneration in different kinds of reduced-size liver transplantation in rats using steatotic grafts.

METHODSMacrovesicular and microvesicular steatotic rat liver models were established by feeding rats with a diet consisting of 79% standard chow, 20% lard and 1% cholesterol for different time periods. With modified two cuff vascular anastomoses and end-to-end sutures on the bile duct, reduced-size orthotopic rat liver transplantations were performed in an attempt to explore the ratio of graft weight to recipient body weight, recipient original liver weight and histological and electron-microscopic findings in comparison with whole rat liver transplantations.

RESULTSA one-week survival rates for the rats undergoing whole liver transplantation, and those in the 70% reduced-size orthotopic liver transplantation (ROLT) group, the 60%ROLT group and the 50%ROLT group (grade I macrosteatotic grafts) were 91.67%, 75%, 75% and 25%. A 2-week survival rate was 83.33%, 75%, 58.33% and 0 respectively. And their graft recipient body weight (GRBW) values SD were 3.56% +/- 0.36%, 2.53% +/- 0.15%, 2.28% +/- 0.12% and 1.83% +/- 0.16%, respectively. In grade II macrosteatotic grafts, the one-week survival rate for those undergoing whole liver transplantation and those in the 70% ROLT group was 83.33% and 25%. In the microsteatosis grafts for whole liver transplantation, 70% ROLT, 60% ROLT and 50% ROLT, the one-week survival rate was 83.33%, 75%, 75% and 33.33%; and the 2-week survival rate was 75%, 66.67%, 66.67% and 0, respectively. The survival rate of the 50% ROLT group using grade I macrosteatotic grafts or grafts mainly with microsteatosis was significantly different from that of other groups. While using macrosteatotic grafts in grade II, the 1-week survival rate of the 70% ROLT group was very poor. Pathological findings after operation included liver regeneration and portal space with mild lymphocyte infiltration. Improvement in steatosis and dilation of the central vein and sinusoids was observed in some rats.

CONCLUSIONSIn the successful and long-term survival of rat reduced-size liver transplantation using grade Imacrosteatotic grafts or grafts with microsteatosis, the GRBW values should be over 2.28% +/- 0.12%, and the value of graft-recipient liver weight should be over 60%. Steatotic livers in grade II should not be used as grafts in ROLT. Steatosis was improved and even totally cured in some long-term survival rats.

Objective To summarize twenty year experience in the surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma(H CC) and explore the effective measuers for increase in resectional rate and reducing operative morbidity and mortality of H CC. Methods Clinicopathological data of 201 patients with H CC treated surgically in our center between 1978 and 1997 were analysed retrospectively. The resection rate, operative morbidity and mortality of the patients before and after December 1990 were compared. Results Of the 201 patients, 97 underwent resection(redical resection in 51; palliative in 46), 84 subjected to internal or external drainage and 20 only laparotomy. In 75 followed up patients, the 1,3,5 year survival rate was 95.45%, 40.91%, 13.64% in radical resection group, and 55%, 10%, 0% in palliative resection group respectively; whereas in unresectional internal and external drainage group, 1 year survival rate was 36%, noone survived for more than 3 years. All the patients with only laparotomy died within 3 months after operation. Comparation of the two stages revealed that the resection rate had been increased from 34.95% before December 1990 to 62.24% after December 1990, and the radical resection rate from 15.53% to 35.71%, meanwhile the operative morbidity and mortality decreased from 39.80% and 17.84% to 18.37% and 6.12% respectively. Conclusions Radical resection plays an important role for improving long term survival rate in patients with H CC. Appropriately perioperative care can reduce the operative morbidity and mortality.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with post traumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI) after craniotomy hematoma evacuation for severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) so as to provide clinical reference for the early prevention of postoperative PTCI.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 558 sTBI patients who received craniotomy hematoma evacuation admitted to Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2006 to June 2016.There were 340 males and 218 females,aged 15-71 years,with an average of 47.8 years.Among them,75 patients were at the age of less than 30 years,315 were at 30-50 years,and 168 were above 50 years.According to the Glasgow coma score (GCS),there were 127 patients with 3-4 points,124 with 5-6 points,and 307 with 7-8 points.The patients were divided into PTCI group (51 patients)and non-PTCI group (507 patients).The related indicators of the two groups of patients after admission were collected,including gender,age,injury cause,GCS,skull base fracture,traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH),cerebral hernia,hypotension,the time from injury to craniotomy,and whether decompressive craniectomy was performed.Univariate analysis was first performed for these factors,followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,injury cause,skull base fracture,and decompressive craniectomy between PTCI group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).In the PTCI group,there were 29 patients with GCS of 3-4 points,17 with 5-6 points,and five with 7-8 points;there were 48 patients with tSAH,37 patients with cerebral hernia,and 18 patients with hypotension.In terms of the time from injury to craniotomy,it took ＜ 3 hours in 30 patients,3-6 hours in 12,6-12 hours in five,and ＞ 12 hours in four.In the non-PTCI group,there were 98 patients with GCS of 3-4 points,107 with 5-6 points,and 302 with 7-8 points.There were 34 patients with tSAH,117 with cerebral hernia,and 35 with hypotension.In terms of the time from injury to craniotomy,it took ＜3 hours in 294 patients,3-6 hours in 130,6-12 hours in 68,and ＞ 12 hours in 15.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that GCS of 3-6 points,tSAH,cerebral hernia,time from injury to craniotomy,and hypotension were significantly associated with PTCI after operation for sTBI (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions GCS of 3-6 points,tSAH,cerebral hernia,duration from injury to craniotomy,and hypotension time ＞ 3 hours are the high risk factors of PTCI in sTBI patients after craniotomy.For patients with these high risk factors,craniotomy should be performed in time,and the perioperative blood pressure and intracranial pressure stability should be maintained so as to relieve vasospasm.