Objective To study anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of extract from the roots and leaves of Citrulluslanatus and assess their acute toxicity in animals.Methods The mouse model with ear edema induced by xyleneand the rat model with paw edema or granuloma by carrageenin or cotton pellet were used for anti-inflammatoryeffects of the extract.Effects of the extract on analgesia was tested respectively by measuring the latency of micelicking hind foot from hot plates and by counting the times of body twisting in response to acetic acid.The acutetoxicity of the extract was determined with the method of Bliss.Results The extract significantly inhibited the earedema,granuloma hyperplasia,and paw edema.It significantly lifted the pain threshold on mouse hot-plateresponses and reduced their writhing times.During the 7 d observation period in its acute toxicity assay,no apparenttoxic reaction was shown and all mice survived at a dose of 87 g extract per kg body weight.Conclusion Theextract could protecte mice/rates from inflammation and analgesia,and may be safe as an orally administered naturalproduct for humans.

This study was aimed to reveal the medication patterns of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of breast hyperplasia based on association rules and clustering of data mining technology. Articles on Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of breast hyperplasia were retrieved from databases. External formulas or those mixed with western drugs were excluded. Terminologies in the selected formulas were standardized. Information was extracted to build excelltables. Association rules analysis and cluster analysis were used to reveal the medication patterns of Chi-nese patent medicine in the treatment of breast hyperplasia with software R2.15.2 and Cytoscape 2.8.3. The results showed that Chinese medicinals with higher frequency in 195 formulas were Radix bupleuri, Rhizoma cyperi, Chinese Angelica, Selfheal, White Peony Root, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim et al. Chinese medicinals with lower frequency were Chinese Alangium leaf, Rhinacanthus nasutus et al. The commonly used herbal pairs were Radix bupleuri -Chinese A ngelica, Rhizoma curcumae - Rhizoma sparganii, frankincense - myrrh et al. The strong association rules indicated that Xiaoyaosan, which takes Radix bupleuri and Chinese A ngelica as its core, is the key character of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of breast hyperplasia. The cluster analysis revealed several Chinese medicine functional modules, such as Fructus forsythiae - Rhizoma smilacis glabrae - Evodia lepta - Chinese mahonia stem - Lignum millettiae et al. It was concluded that the herbal frequency, herbal pairs, strong associa-tion rules and cluster analysis can reveal the medication patterns of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of breast hyperplasia in order to provide reference evidences in the optimization of clinical treatment for mula and im-provement of therapeutic efficacy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinopathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of sinonasal mucosal malignant melanoma. METHOD: Clinopathological data of 18 cases which were diagnosed by pathology and immmunohistochemistry were analyzed retrospectively. All cases were proved by pathology and immmunohistochemistry. All cases were performed operations. 5 underwent single surgery. 4 underwent surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy. 4 underwent surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy chemotherapy. 5 underwent surgery plus adjuvant chemoradiation. RESULT: All cases were followed up for a period of 1 to 7 years after operation. Twelve patients died of tumor until the last follow-up, meanwhile 6 patients stayed alive. In Six cases recurrence occurred. In five casescervical lymph node metastasis occurred, of which 3 cases received neck dissection and 2 cases received chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to no surgical indications. In three cases distant metastasis oc- curred. CONCLUSION Sinonasal mucosal malignant melanoma is rare and highly heterogenous. Current diagnosis depends on clinical characteristics and immunohistochemical examination. It still should be differentially diagnosed from other tumors. CT and MRI image examination can provide some helpful information to understand the extent and nature of lesions. The treatment of nasal endoscopic or the surgery under endoscopy has become to be a safe, viable and reasonable alternative to open resection. Appropriate indication must be carefully selected for these lesions.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Melanoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck Dissection ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nose Neoplasms ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To compare the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) combined with sharp His angle reconstruction (LSG-His) versus traditional LSG.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study we collected clinical data of patients with obesity who had undergone LSG or LSG-His in the Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January to June 2022. After excluding patients with incomplete follow-up data and those with hiatal hernia, 83 obese patients, of which 39 who had undergone LSG (LSG group) and 44 who had undergone LSG-His (LSG-His group), were included in the study. The basic steps in LSG-His are the same as in conventional LSG. After continuous suturing of the gastric staple line, one stitch is placed between the proximal side of the gastric greater curvature staple line and the proximal side of the gastric fundus posterior wall with the left diaphragm, and another stitch between the right side of the gastric fundus and the esophagus, reconstructing the sharp His angle. Clinical data, postoperative complications, and follow-up data on weight loss and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-discharge were compared between the two groups. GERD symptoms were assessed using the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire.Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, length of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, or postoperative complications (all P>0.05). Compared with the LSG group, the LSG-His group had significantly longer operative times (92 [80, 100] minutes vs. 80 [70, 100] minutes, U=2.227, P=0.026), higher postoperative 24-hour pain scores (5.2±1.8 vs. 4.3±1.9, t=-2.065, P=0.041), and higher rates of morphine use (70.5% [31/44] vs. 46.2% [18/39], χ2=4.519, P=0.025). The incidence of new-onset GERD 12 months postoperatively was significantly lower in the LSG-His than the LSG group (10.7% [3/28] vs. 61.3% [19/31], χ2=14.00, P<0.001). According to changes in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire scores, the LSG-His group also had significantly lower rates of exacerbation of GERD (2/16 vs. 5/8, χ2=4.27, P=0.021) and higher rates of GERD remission (12/16 vs. 2/8, χ2=3.62, P=0.032) than did the LSG group. Additionally, excess weight loss rates were significantly higher in the LSG-His group at 3 months [(54.7± 18.7)% vs. (46.5±15.0)% , t=-2.166, P=0.033], 6 months [(73.8±24.7)% vs. (64.0±19.1)% , t=-2.018, P=0.047], and 12 months [(82.9±26.7)% vs. (72.2±19.3)%, t=-2.063, P=0.042] than in the LSG group. Conclusion:Compared with LSG, LSG-His is safe and feasible and achieves better short-term control of postoperative GERD and more effective weight loss. Further large-scale, long-term, prospective studies are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy of LSG-His.

Objective:To compare the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) combined with sharp His angle reconstruction (LSG-His) versus traditional LSG.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study we collected clinical data of patients with obesity who had undergone LSG or LSG-His in the Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January to June 2022. After excluding patients with incomplete follow-up data and those with hiatal hernia, 83 obese patients, of which 39 who had undergone LSG (LSG group) and 44 who had undergone LSG-His (LSG-His group), were included in the study. The basic steps in LSG-His are the same as in conventional LSG. After continuous suturing of the gastric staple line, one stitch is placed between the proximal side of the gastric greater curvature staple line and the proximal side of the gastric fundus posterior wall with the left diaphragm, and another stitch between the right side of the gastric fundus and the esophagus, reconstructing the sharp His angle. Clinical data, postoperative complications, and follow-up data on weight loss and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-discharge were compared between the two groups. GERD symptoms were assessed using the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire.Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, length of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, or postoperative complications (all P>0.05). Compared with the LSG group, the LSG-His group had significantly longer operative times (92 [80, 100] minutes vs. 80 [70, 100] minutes, U=2.227, P=0.026), higher postoperative 24-hour pain scores (5.2±1.8 vs. 4.3±1.9, t=-2.065, P=0.041), and higher rates of morphine use (70.5% [31/44] vs. 46.2% [18/39], χ2=4.519, P=0.025). The incidence of new-onset GERD 12 months postoperatively was significantly lower in the LSG-His than the LSG group (10.7% [3/28] vs. 61.3% [19/31], χ2=14.00, P<0.001). According to changes in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire scores, the LSG-His group also had significantly lower rates of exacerbation of GERD (2/16 vs. 5/8, χ2=4.27, P=0.021) and higher rates of GERD remission (12/16 vs. 2/8, χ2=3.62, P=0.032) than did the LSG group. Additionally, excess weight loss rates were significantly higher in the LSG-His group at 3 months [(54.7± 18.7)% vs. (46.5±15.0)% , t=-2.166, P=0.033], 6 months [(73.8±24.7)% vs. (64.0±19.1)% , t=-2.018, P=0.047], and 12 months [(82.9±26.7)% vs. (72.2±19.3)%, t=-2.063, P=0.042] than in the LSG group. Conclusion:Compared with LSG, LSG-His is safe and feasible and achieves better short-term control of postoperative GERD and more effective weight loss. Further large-scale, long-term, prospective studies are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy of LSG-His.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world today. Atherosclerosis （AS） is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by thickening or functional degeneration of the arterial wall， and in the later stage of the disease， plaque ruptures to induce thrombosis， which in turn causes ischemia in tissues or organs. It is therefore the pathological basis for all types of cardiovascular diseases. Nuclear transcription factor kappa B （NF-κB）， an important nuclear transcription factor in the inflammatory response， is activated to mediate the transcription of inflammatory factors that can trigger or exacerbate the development of AS. Vascular endothelial cells are activated by inflammatory factors. NF-κB mediates related regulatory genes in endothelial cells to secrete adhesion molecules， chemokines， and coagulation factors， promotes selective aggregation of monocytes， up-regulates the expression of adhesion molecules to make adhesion molecules stick to the endothelium and move toward the intima， promotes the degradation of the extracellular matrix， and forms unstable plaques. In recent years， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has achieved certain results in the prevention and treatment of AS， and many Chinese medicines have been proved to be effective in resisting AS and can act on multiple targets in the human body， affecting the occurrence and development of AS in different links. This paper mainly introduced the NF-κB pathway and its relationship with AS， reviewed research progress on 75 components of different types in Chinese medicine monomers such as flavonoids， terpenoids， and alkaloids in AS resistance based on the NF-κB pathway， and found that Chinese medicine monomers mainly regulate cholesterol balance， inhibit the inflammatory response， reduce cell proliferation， inhibit intercellular adhesion， and suppress foam cell formation by regulating the NF-κB pathway to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of AS.