Objective To investigate the effect of interferon-α (IFN-α) on expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related protein A (MICA) in the malignant hematopoietic cell lines.Methods The myeloid leukemia cell lines K562 and B-cell lymphoma cell line Raji were treated with IFN-α.The expression of MICA was measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining at mRNA and protein level.The cytotoxicity of human NK cells to the IFN-α treated malignant hematopoietic cells was detected by MTT method.Results After being treated with 1000 U/ml IFN-α,up-regulation of MICA mRNA in Raji and K562 cells were respectively found in 24 h and 48 hours (t =17.016,P ＜0.05; t =5.616,P ＜0.05).After being treated with IFN-α 72 hours,up-regulation of MICA mRNA in K562 and Raji were found at the dose of 500 U/ml and 1000 U/ml dose (t =6.622,P ＜0.05; t =9.071,P ＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of MICA were up-regulated by IFN-o in the two malignant hematopoietic cells in a time and dosedependent manner.After being treated with 1000 U/ml IFN-o for 72 hours,the susceptibility of the two malignant hematopoietic cells to NK cytolysis was significantly increased (t =20.016,P ＜0.05; t =7.969,P ＜0.05).Moreover,the up-regulated susceptibility can be blocked by anti-MICA antibody.Conclusion IFN-α can up-regulate the MICA expression in the malignant hematopoietic cell lines and thereby enhance the susceptibility to cytolysis of NK cells.

Objective To observe the effect of early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics for acute severe stroke patients. Methods EiGhty-seven patients with acute severe stroke were randomly divided into control Group(47cases)and research Group(40 cases). Within 48 -72 h,both Groups were Given enternal nutrition,and research Group added probiotics on the basis of enternal nutrition. HemoGlobin( Hb ),serum albumin(ALB)and prealbumin(PLB)were detected on the lst,7th,2lth day after hospitalization. Infection incidence and the incidence of the Gastrointestinal adverse reaction were observed on the 7th,2lth day. GlasGow coma scale( GTS)and NeuroloGic impairment sccore( NIHSS)were assessed on the lst,2lth day. Results There were no satistical siGnificant differences between two Groups in terms of ALB,PLB and Hb on the first day after hospitalization(P>0. 05). The indicators of the two Groups occurred downward trend on the 7th day and control Group declined siGnificantly( The two Groups respectively:ALB:( 3l. 27 ±2. 42 ) G/L and( 27. 2l ±2. 69)G/L,P<0. 00l;PLB:(0. l78 ±0. 0ll)G/L and(0. l65 ±0. 023)G/L,P <0. 00l;Hb:(ll2. 4l ±2. 3l)G/L and(97. l3±l. 79)G/L,P<0. 00l). The two Groups occurred upward trend on the 2lth day and research Group rose siGnificantly( The two Groups respectively:ALB:( 35. 89±2. 98 )G/L and( 30. 24±2. ll ) G/L,P<0. 00l;PLB:(0. 208±0. 022)G/L and(0. l98±0. 029)G/L,P<0. 00l;Hb:(ll9. ll±3. 42)G/L and(l08. 36±2. 63)G/L,P<0. 00l). There were no statistical siGnificant differences between the two Group in terms of infection incidence and the Gastrointestinal adverse reaction on the 7th day. The incidence of control Group were hiGher than research Group on the 2lth day(The two Groups respectively:pneumonia:7(l4. 8%)and l4(35. 0%),χ2 =4. 467,P =0. 035;enteric infection:2(4. 2%)and 8(20. 0%),χ2 =5. 06l,P =0. 024;vomit:0 and 2(5%),χ2 =6. 077,P=0. 0l4;abdominal distension:5(l0. 6%)and ll(27. 5),χ2 =3. 859,P=0. 049;diarrhoea:4(8. 5%)and l0(25. 0%),χ2 =4. l27,P=0. 042;flora imbalance:4(8. 5l%)and 9 (22. 5%),χ2 =4. l53,P=0. 046). On the 2lth day,the GTS and NIHSS were hiGher than the first day,but there were no statistical sinificant differences between two Groups( P>0. 05). Conclusion Enteral nutrition add probiotics is superior to enteral nutrition on the aspects of enhancinG body nutrition situation,relievinG the infection and the Gastrointestinal adverse reaction.

Objective To analyze and summarize the efficacy and the experience in the application of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ bundled pancreaticojejunostomy in pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods Between Jan.2005 and Dec. 2009, a total of 38 patients who underwent bundled pancreaticojejunostomy was enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. 20 patients received type Ⅰ bundled pancreaticojejunostomy and 18 patients received type Ⅱ bundled pancreaticojejunostomy. The operative time, postoperative hospital stay, mortality and complications were compared. Results The operative time of type Ⅰ bundled pancreaticojejunostomy was (91 ± 20) min, and it was (63 ± 21) min in type Ⅱ procedure, and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0. 05). The mortality and complications, postoperative hospital stay were 10.0%(2/20), 45.0% (9/20) and (20 ±2)d in type Ⅰ procedure, while they were 5.6% (1/18),38.9% (7/18) and(23 ±2)d in type Ⅱ procedure, and the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions There was no significant difference in the effects between type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ bundled pancreaticojejunostomy. Carefully selective application of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ bundled pancreaticojejunostomy helps complete these procedures.

Objective To clearify the features of an outbreak of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) from Shuangyang district of Changchun city, Jilin province, China.Methods Serum samples obtained were tested serologically for antibodies to chlamydia, coxsackie virus, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B virus.Stool samples obtained were cultivated to search Campylobacterjejuni.Electrudiagnostic studies were done 1 day after onset to 10 days.Results Twenty-two patients (12 males and 10 females, aged 15-71 years) were from Shuangyang district, a suburb of Changchun, during a 2-week period in June to July 2007.An illness in the preceding 4 weeks was reported in 17 patients, 16 gave a history of diarrhoea, 1 patient had symptoms consistent with an "upper respiratory infection" and 1 patient had both.Limb weakness were the earliest symptoms.Respiratory assistance was needed by 3 patients.Tendon reflexes were lost as weakness developed.Eleven patients had raised concentrations of protein in the cerebrospinal fluid ((0.74±0.32) g/L), and the averaged cell count was 3×106/L There were 3 kinds of antibodies of hepatitis B virus positive above 17 GBS patients.Electrodiagnostic studies showed severe reductions in motor evoked amplitudes from distal stimulation in 12 patients.Sensory action potentials were normal.Conclusions The distinctive epidemiologicai, clinical and electromyography characteristics of these patients suggest that the disorder, different from acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, is concordant with acute motor axonal neurupathy.The features of Shuangyang GBS was similar to those previously reported in several aspects.

Objective To explore the characteristics of intestinal Microbiota in T2DM patients by two molecular fingerprint technologies,and investigate the correlation of intestinal microbiota and T2DM,and evaluate the application value of two fin-gerprint technologies.Methods Fecal samples of 8 healthy groups and 7 diabetes patients were collected.Then the total DNA of gut microbiota was extracted.Through the analysis of products by two molecular fingerprints of ERIC-PCR and DGGE-PCR,ecological characteristics of diversity and similarity of gut microbiota were obtained in healthy groups and dia-betes patients.Results Compared to healthy groups,the number of bands and Shannon-Wiener index of gut microbiota in di-abetes patients was decreased but no statistical significance.The similarity in patients group was declining(P <0.05),and the construction of gut microbiota was inclined to differ.Two fingerprint technologies of ERIC and DGGE could directly re-flect the diversity of gut microbiota and were the modern molecular biological techniques without depending on cultivation. ERIC was simple and convenient,had a better reflection of microbial diversity,but gel band cutting and regarded asa proper approach with higher diffraction efficiency and excellent repetition to studysequencing couldn’t be performed since there were more influencing factors on the experiment.DGGE could better reflect the ecological characteristics such as microbial diversity and similarity,and selecting bands,gel band cutting and sequencing could be done.Conclusion The composition and construction of gut microbiota in diabetes patients were changed,which suggests the occurrence of the disease had the correlation with gut microbiota.ERIC and DGGE is regarded as a proper approach with higher diffraction efficiency and ex-cellent repetition to study intestinal microbiota,but also gel band cutting,sequencing,bacteria identification can be performed by DGGE,both can be used in combination.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission network among HIV/AIDS patients in Zhoushan City, Zhejing Province. Methods: The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Zhoushan City from 2020 to 2022 were selected. Basic information was collected and whole blood samples were obtained at the initial follow-up. The pol gene sequences of HIV-1 were amplified by RT-PCR and nested-PCR. HIV-1 subtypes were identified by Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic trees. The HIV-1 molecular transmission network was built and analyzed using Cytoscape 3.6.1 software. Results: A total of 222 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Zhoushan City from 2020 to 2022, 200 whole blood samples were collected, and 152 sequences were obtained successfully, including 122 males (80.26%), 75 cases aged 50 years and above (49.34%), 109 cases with a junior high school education or below (71.71%), and 63 cases with commercial heterosexual contact (41.45%). The main subtypes were CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE, accounting for 45.39% and 21.05%, respectively. When the threshold of genetic distance was set to 1%, 20 molecular clusters were formed in 69 cases, with a clustering rate of 45.39%. Using the molecular network constituted by reported HIV/AIDS cases in 2020 as the baseline network, there were 2 active molecular clusters with ≥5 new cases in 2022, each with 9 cases, characterized mainly by individuals aged 50 or above, with a junior high school education or below, and transmission through commercial heterosexual sex. Conclusions The predominant HIV-1 subtypes among HIV/AIDS cases in Zhoushan City are CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE. Transmission through commercial heterosexual contact among middle-aged and elderly people is a main mode of HIV transmission.

Object: To explore the electrocardiographic characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from tricuspid annulus region. Methods: Present study included 169 consecutive patients undergoing catheter ablation of VAs from tricuspid annulus origin in our department from August 2007 to September 2016. Based on the origin sites, the patients were divided into two subgroups, the free wall group (81 cases) and septal wall group (88 cases). Based on the location, patients in the free wall group were classified into anterolateral (22 cases), lateral (26 cases) and posterolateral (33 cases) subgroups. Patients in the septal group were classified into anteroseptal (10 cases), midseptal (71 cases) and posteroseptal (7 cases) subgroups. We analyzed the electrocardiographic features of these patients and in 87 patients with PVCs/VT originating from right ventricular outflow tract. Results: (1) A positive R wave inⅠ, aVL, V₅-V₆ leads were found among most of patients, only few cases originating from tricuspid annulus anteroseptum group and tricuspid annulus anterolateral group demonstrated qr or qs pattern in aVL lead. 97.53% (79/81) patients demonstrated rS pattern in V₁-V₃ leads with VAs originating from tricuspid annulus free wall, and 9/10 patients demonstrated rS pattern in V₁ lead with VAs originating from anteroseptum, and 97.44% (76/78) patients demonstrated QS pattern in V₁ lead with VAs originating from midseptum and posteroseptum. Precordial lead transition zone was on or behind V₃ for tricuspid annulus free wall group (96.3%, 78/81), but in front of V₃ for tricuspid annulus septum wall group (47.73%, 42/88) (P<0.01). The S wave's amplitude smaller than-1.81 mV in lead V₂ can be used as a cutoff value to identify if PVC/VT is originating from free wall or septum of TA. R wave in inferior wall leads was found among 98.85% (86/87) patients with PVCs/VT originating from right ventricular outflow tract. Conclusion A positive R wave in Ⅰ, aVL, V₅-V₆ leads was found among most of patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias originating from the tricuspid annulus regions, but VAs originating from different portions of tricuspid annulus area have distinct electrocardiographic characteristics.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and prognostic factors of radiotherapy combined with asparaginase/peaspartase-based chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of early stage extranodal natural-killer/T cell lymphoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT ENKTCL).Methods:267 early stage UADT ENKTCL patients were treated in Guizhou Cancer Hospital from October 2003 to February 2020. Among them, 229 patients received radiotherapy or radiotherapy combined with menpartaminase/permenidase-based chemotherapy regimen and 38 patients were treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated by Kaplan- Meier method, log-rank test was conducted for univariate analysis and Cox regression model was performed for multivariate analysis. Results:The 5-year OS and PFS were 67.2% and 61.5% in all patients. The 5-year OS and PFS in patients treated with radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy alone and chemotherapy alone were 71.7%, 35% and 49%(all P<0.001), and 66.4%, 35% and 28%(all P<0.001), respectively. According to the NRI risk stratification, 246 patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy were divided into the favourable and the unfavourable prognosis groups. The 5-year OS was 93.3% and 64.3%( P<0.001) and the 5-year PFS was 91.1% and 56.7%( P<0.001) in two groups. For patients receiving radiotherapy with a dose ≥50 Gy and<50 Gy, the 5-year OS was 72.4% and 55.7%( P<0.001), and the 5-year PFS was 68.3%, and 36.5%( P<0.001). In the unfavourable prognosis group, the 5-year OS of patients receiving ≥ 4 and<4 cycles of chemotherapy was 65.5% and 59.2%( P=0.049), and the 5-year PFS was 60.7% and 50.6%( P=0.018). Univariate analysis showed that stage Ⅱ, ECOG≥2, primary tumor invasion, radiotherapy alone, NRI≥1(Nomogram-revised risk index), EBV-DNA≥2 750 copies/ml, radiotherapy dose < 50 Gy, and<4 cycles of chemotherapy were associated with unfavorable 5-year OS and PFS (all P<0.05), and CHOP-like regimen was the risk factor of unfavorable 5-year PFS ( P<0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that primary tumor invasion, ECOG≥2, and radiotherapy dose <50 Gy were associated with unfavorable OS and PFS (all P<0.05), and stage Ⅱ was the risk factor of unfavorable 5-year OS ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The prognosis of early stage low-risk UADT ENKTCL of is favourable. Sufficient dose of extended involved-field radiotherapy is an important curative modality in early stage UADT ENKTCL. Compared with radiotherapy alone, radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of early stage UADT ENKTCL patients in the unfavourable prognosis group. Full-course chemotherapy can significantly prolong the long-term survival in the unfavorable prognosis group. The chemotherapy containing asparaginase can significantly enhance the prognosis of patients with early stage UADT ENKTCL.

OBJECTIVETo study the in vitro effect of herb components on scavenging harmful components of cigarette smoke such as radicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrosamines in vitro, and its reducing effect on cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke.

METHODspectrophotometry was used to examine the scavenging effect of herb components on DPPH free radicals, superoxide anion radical, and hydroxyl radical, and the results were compared with the anti-oxidation of ascorbic acid. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to examine the scavenging effect of herb components on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. UV spectrophotometry was used to examine the scavenging effect of herb components on volatile nitrosamines. MTT assay was used to examine cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke.

RESULTAll the herb components showed a certain scavenging effect on DPPH free radicals, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile nitrosamines, espacially the ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), flavonoids of glycyrrhiza, procyanidine, total saponins in ophiopogonin, total saponins of astragalus and epimediun flavonoids. After these six herb components were added to cigarette, the cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke on BEP2D cells was remarkably reduced, by increasing cell survival fraction (SF, %) and mean lethal dose (DML).

CONCLUSIONThe herb components can scavenge harmful components of cigarette smoke such as radicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines, which reduce the damage of cigarette smoke on human being.

Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Smoke ; adverse effects ; Tobacco ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the current status of overcrowding in emergency departments of Tertiary level A hospitals in order to discover and analyze key factors limiting the performance efficiency of staff to raise a suggestion of improvements.Methods The data regarding the distribution of the total number of available beds and total number of patients registered were collected from 19 tertiary level A hospitals to construct a regression model correlating variables including number of patients waiting,time of appointment and number of patients delivered by ambulances.The national grading system of crowdedness for emergency departments was used to estimate the NEDOCS_ BJ value for Beijing Friendship Hospital.Results Statistical analyses of key factors hampering the work efficiency and correlation between ESI triage and clinical decisions revealed overcrowding in the emergency department in a pattern across hospitals and time periods.The extent of overcrowding can be alleviated by way of increase in performance efficiency.Conclusions The proposed improvements regarding the hierarchical medical system,the development of treatment plans,and working procedure were recommended.