Medical endoscope capsule is described from its construction principle and drive system.The scheme and function of the drive system,especially the driving velocity and the direction control for that based on FPGA,are introduced in detail.Experiments indicate that the micro-drive system,with a linear speed ranging from 0 to 10 mm/s,can move forward and backward,and turn left and right discretionarily.The availability of programmable logic device makes the system reliable and flexible.

A case of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia was reported. Repeated hemorrhage in nasal and digestive system are main clinical manifestation. Capillary expanded on tongue and finger is the main physical sign. Main clinical manifestation and typical physical signs, combined with family history, can help to establish a diagnosis.
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic ; genetics

Background & Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and acute transverse myelitis (ATM) are common diseases in neurology; however their corresponding cervical spinal cord involvements are still ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in identifying the injury in cervical spinal cord. Methods: Nine patients and nine healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Conventional sequences and DTI scan were performed on each participant. Results: The average fractional anisotrophy (FA) values of the cervical cord in patients with acute cerebral type MS, acute or stationary cerebrospinal type MS, acute NMO, or acute ATM were all significantly decreased relative to the control group (p <0.05). As to the cerebrospinal type MS, the changes in acute-stage patients were more apparent (p <0.05). The average FA value of the cervical cord in acute NMO was decreased more extensively, involving the normal-appearing spinal cord (p <0.05). In patients with MS or NMO, The lesions showed significantly hypointense on FA images and directionally encoded color (DEC) images, nevertheless the pathological areas on DTI images were no significantly different from those on routine sequences. On DTT, the fiber tracts in the lesion-involved regions were all sparser than that in control regions, nevertheless interruption or impairment of fiber tracts could only be noted in NMO patients. Bilateral differences of average FA values in the cervical cord was noted in one case with ATM and another case with MS (p <0.05), and the decrease of FA values was significant in the main side of clinical presentations. Conclusion: DTI and DTT may be a sensitive measure for early cervical injury in MS, NMO and ATM
Spinal Cord Diseases

Objective To explore causes and high risk electrocardiogram expression of cardiac syncope caused by malignant rapid ventricular arrhythmia.Methods Forty-eight patients were analysed, they had cardiac syncope once or more that after which were admitted to the hospital. Results The basic causes of cardiac syncope were individed following types in 48 patients: coronary heart disease with acute or dated myocardial infarction,dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,hypokalaemia were ordinarist inducer.Torsade de pointes(TdP) were most common type of malignant rapid ventricular arrhythmia.They had some high risk electrocardiogram expression: secondary long QT syndrome,Brugada's syndrome,idiopathic abnormal J wave,complex ventricular ectopic beats,acute myocardial infarction with ST-T electrical alternation; or extensive anterior myocardial infarction with tombstone ST segment elevation,dilated cardiomyopathy with advance QRS complex low voltage.They were different electrocardiographic and clinical characteristic. Conclusion The cardiac syncope caused by malignant rapid ventricular arrhythmia is not single and independent clinical entity, which presents different the causes and high risk electrocardiogram expression.

Objective To study the effect of hyperlipidemia on postoperative complications in patients of colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing open or laparoscopic surgery. Methods Clinical data of 382 CRC patients who received either traditional or laparoscopic operation from Mar. 2005 to Sep. 2009 were reviewed. By preoperative blood lipid levels, patients were divided into hyperlipidemia group and normal blood lipid group. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and T test. Results In hyperlipidemia group of 201 CRC cases, volume of blood loss ( t = 11.318, P ＜ 0.01 ), time to resume oral intake( t =5.956, P ＜ 0.01 ), drainage tube removing (t = 4.781, P ＜ 0.01 ), hospital stay( t = 2.449, P ＜ 0.05 ), and incidence of wound liquefaction( x2 =3.988 ,P ＜0.05) were inferior to the other 181 cases in normal blood lipid group, while no difference was observed in operation time ( t = 0.374, P ＞ 0.05 ) and incidence of anastomotic leakage( x2 = 0.239, P ＞ 0.05 ). Patients who received laparoscopic operation had less blood loss (t=10.078 ,P ＜0.01 ), less time to resume oral intake(t =6.366,P ＜0.01 ) and earlier drainage tube removing ( t = 7.654, P ＜ 0.01 ), shorter hospital stay ( t = 4.241, P ＜ 0.01 ) and lower incidence of wound liquefaction ( x2 = 5. 203, P ＜ 0.05 ), though longer operation time ( t = 8.456, P ＜ 0.01 ) comparing with those receiving traditional operation. Among patients who received laparoscopic operation, there was no difference observed postoperatively in time to resume oral intake ( t = 0.356, P ＞ 0.05 ) and drainage tube removing (t = 0.261, P ＞ 0.05 ), and hospital stay (t = 0.248, P ＞ 0.05 ) between the hyperlipidemia group and normal blood lipid group, though the former suffered from more blood loss (t =8.784,P ＜0.01).Conclusions Hyperlipidemia impacts adversely on hemorrhage, delayed recovery and increasing rate of wound liquefaction on rectal cancer surgery. Laparoscopic surgery effectively eliminates prolonged postoperative recovery caused by hyperlipidemia.

Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical effects of radiofrequency single catheter ablation (RESCA)for right ventrieular arrhythmia(RVA).Method A total of 111 patients data in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from May 2003 to May 2008,were retrospectively analyzed aged(45.2±16.7)years old including 41 men and 70 women,consisted of 13 patients of ventricular tachycardia(VT)and 98 patients of premature ventricular contractions(PVC).There were 104 casess from right ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia(RVOTA)and 7 cases from right ventricular inflow tract arrhythmia(RVITA).According to use single catheter approach or common technique,electrophysiolo-gical study,pacing and/or activation mapping and Catheter ablation were performed,were separated into two groups.①Single catheter group:27 men and 49 women,ages(44.5±16.9)years old;consisted of 62 patients of RVOT-PVC,9 patients of RVOT-VT and 5 patients of RVIT-PVC.②Control group:14 men and 21 women,ages(46.7±16.5)years old;consisted of 29 patients of RVOR-PVC,4 patients of RVOT-VT and 2 patients of RVIT-PVC.Results Operations in two groups came off smoothly and no ablation related complications in two groups.Procedure time and fluoroscopy time[(55.23±26.24)min and(9.93±5.32)min]in single catheter group were significantly shorter than those in control group [(68.37±21.83)min and(12.96±4.54)min,t=2.76 and 3.09,all P<0.01].Cost in the fromer (12440.32±761.24)RMB were significantly less than those in the latter[(22119.51±1071.07)RMB,t=46.09,P<0.01].Ablated successful rate in the near future,at a specified future date and other parameter were similar in two groups.Conclusions Right ventricular arrhythmia can be ablated with single catheter approach in safety,efficacious,easy to operate and lower cost.

Objective To compare the effect and safety of enteral and parenteral nutritional support for gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy(LRG). Methods Sixty gastric cancer patients received nutritional support after LRG at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from December 2007 to April 2010. All patients were randomly divided into the enteral nutrition(EN) group (n = 30)and parenteral nutrition (PN) group (n = 30) according to the random number table. Anthropometry, nutritional indexes, complications and expenses of the two groups were compared after treatment. All data were analysed by using the t test and chi-square test. Results Body mass index, triceps skin fold, mid-upper arm muscle circumference, hemoglobin levels, transferrin levels, and albumin levels were ( 16.9 ± 2.4) kg/m2, ( 10.6 ± 2.5 ) mm,(24.2 ±2.5) cm, (106 ± 15) g/L, (2.2 ±0.4) g/L and (39 ±3) g/Lin the EN group, and they were (16.6 ±2.1) kg/m2, (9.2 ± 1.3) mm, (24.0 ±3.4) cm, (102 ± 18) g/L, (2.0 ±0.4) g/L and (38 ±3) g/L in the PN group, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups (t =0. 52, 1.72, 0.05, 0.93, 1.94,1.29, P ＞ 0.05). Prealbumin levels, nitrogen balance, time of first flatus, and daily expenses in the EN group were (0.30 ±0.10) g/L,0.8 ±0.3, (29 ± 10) hours and (210 ±30) yuan, while they were (0.25 ±0.09) g/L,0. 4 ± 0.2, (38±6) hours and ( 700 ± 50) yuan in the PN group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups ( t = 2. 03, 6. 08, 2. 25, 10. 38, P ＜ 0.05 ). One patient had dysbacteriosis, two were glycometabolic and two had a hepatic disorder in the EN group, while the corresponding numbers in the PN group were 9, 12 and 15 patients, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups ( x2 =7.68, 9.32,13.87, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Nutritional support can promote the recovery of gastric cancer patients undergoing LRG. The efficacy of EN is superior to that of PN, and EN is the method of choice for nutritional support.

Diabetic rat model accompanied by insulin resistance was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin.Following metformin treatment for 5 weeks,ELISA was used to detect the level of plasma secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) 5,and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of p-JNK in the liver.insulin resistance(IR) and p-JNK were significantly increased in diabetic group compared with the control group (P＜0.05),while plasma SFRP5 level was reduced (P＜0.01).After metformin treatment,the plasma SFRP5 levels were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while IR and p-JNK was decreased (P＜O.05).Metformin may ameliorate insulin resistance via upregulating the SFRP5 expression of diabetic rats.

OBJECTIVE: To construct expression vector for the SEA-EGF fusion gene. METHOD: Clone the SEA gene and the EGF gene segment with PCR and RT-PCR independently, and connect this two genes by the bridge PCR. Insert the fusion gene EGF-SEA into the expression vector PET-44. Induced the secretion of the fusion protein SEA-EGF by the antileptic. RESULT: The gene fragment encoding EGF and SEA mature peptide was successfully cloned. The fusion gene EGF-SEA was successfully constructed and was inserted into expression vector. CONCLUSION The new recombinant expression vector for fusion gene EGF-SEA is specific for head and neck cancer, laid the foundation for the further study of fusion protein SEA-EGF targeting immune therapy in head and neck tumors.
Enterotoxins ; genetics ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of gene therapy on the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line CNE-2 by using the combination of TRAIL gene with hTERT promoter. METHODS Total RNA was ex-tracted from PBL (peripheral blood lymphocytes)whose proliferation had been stimulated. TRAIL gene with interleukin 2 signal peptide gene was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the vector pGL3-181hTE down-stream to the RT promoter to form an eukaryotic vector. The vector was transfected into CNE-2 cells and HL-7702 cells through lipofection. Flow cytometry (FCM), agarose gel electrophoresis and cell morphology were used to examine the cell apoptosis. RESULTS In tranfected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE-2, FCM analysis showed that apoptotic peak appeared before G1 phase. A ladder-like pattern of DNA fragmentation appeared upon agarose gel electrophoresis. Many cells exhibited apoptotic changes such as cell shrinkage , nulear condensation , and nuclear fragmenta-tion under transmission electron microscope (TEM). CONCLUSION The recombinant eukaryotic ex-pression vector for TRAIL gene driven by hTERT pro-moter was successfully constructed and shown to induced apoptosis in CNE-2 cells. The results suggest that TRAIL may be a promising target for gene therapy of NPC.