Objective　To observe the influence of intravenous anesthesia with ketamine or propofol on intraocular pressure (IOP) in pediatric patients. Methods　27 pediatric patients, ASA grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ, were divided into ketamine and propofol groups. Basic anesthesia was conducted with ketamine 4～6 mg*kg-1 combined droperidol 0.04～0.1 mg*kg-1 intramuscularly. Anesthesia maintained with continous infusion of 0.04% ketamine or 0.04% propofol following intravenous bolus of ketamine 1 mg*kg-1 or propofol 1 mg*kg-1 in ketamine group and propofol group respectively. IOP, systemic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), heart rate(HR) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) were measured at 10 minutes after basic anesthesia, 3 minutes after intravenous bolus of ketamine or propofol and end of surgery. Results　There were no differences in IOP between two groups after basic anesthesia. IOP increased or decreased significantly after intravenous bolus of ketamine or propofol respectively. IOP in ketamine group decreased near to the level in propofol group at end of surgery. There were no statistic differences in SBP, DBP and HR between two groups priopration. SpO2 did not change (but in one patient decreasing to below 95% ) and significantly decreased within 5 minutes of intravenous bolus of ketamine and propofol respectively. Conclusion　Ketamine increases IOP propofol decreases IOP. Ketamine combined propofol can keep from increase of IOP but strength respiration inhibition.

Objective To understand the cogniton,attitude and behavior of the psychological counseling in college students,and the results should be helpful to mental health promotion programs.Methods 585 college students were recruited by a cluster sampling.A self-designed questionnaire about the psychological consultation was finished by the subjects.All the data were entered a database with Epi Data V3.1 software.Statistical analysis of the data was done on the SPSS software (V13.0).Chi-square test was used to compare the constituent ratio difference among different groups.Results 64.10% students considered the function of counseling was to help person better understand themselves;63.72% of students agreed with that it is very necessary to carry out psychological counseling in college.When they encountered some confusion which beyond their ability to solve,they will at first resort to their friends,parents other than counseling Center in campus.32.58% of students didn’t know the counseling center in their college.Only 8.38% of students ever went to the counseling center.Conclusions Although the majority of students hold positive attitudes and cognition about psychological counseling.However,their behavior was negative.It is contradictory between their cognition and behavior.It is very necessary to explore the deeper reasons and carry out some targeted health education in college students.

Objective To report a new surgical approach (modified anconeus flap approach) in which the anconeus and part of triceps are reflected in the treatment of distal intercondylar humerus fracture (AO type C).Methods To design the modified anconeus flap approach,the anatomy of the distal tendon of the triceps brachii and the anconeus was studied using 15 cadaveric adult specimens (30 sides).The new surgical approach was compared with the triceps-reflecting anconeus pedicle (TRAP) approach in terms of the area of exposure at the distal humeral articular surface.Furthermore,the new surgical approach was applied in 16 patients who had been treated for intercondylar humerus fracture (AO type C) from May 2005 to May 2013.The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and Broberg-Morrey scoring systems.Results The blood supply and innervation of the anconeus was interrupted minimally during incision along the radical edge of triceps tendon.The area of exposure at the distal humeral articular surface provided by the part triceps and anconeus reflecting approach and the medial humerus approach was 42.66％ ± 0.03％ at the elbow flexion from 0° to 50°.This was significantly smnaller than that provided by the TRAP approach (46.11％ ±0.03％) (P ＜0.05).Of the 16 patients,15 obtained complete follow-ups from 6 months to 4 years(average,16.5 months).The mean MEPS at the last follow-up was 90.5 points (range,from 82 to 93 points),with 10 excellent and 4 good cases and one poor case.The Broberg & Morrey score system showed 11 patients with no articular cartilage degeneration (level-0),3 patients with level-1 degeneration,and 2 patients with level-2 degeneration.Conclusion The modified anconeus flap approach proposed in the present study provides clear surgical vision and needs no olecranon osteotomy or olecranon dissection or ablation of the major triceps brachii tendon for intercondylar humerus fractures,thereby leading to early active motion and satisfactory clinical outcomes.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of and the treatment efficacy of intracranial infections after ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures.Methods Among the hydrocephalus patients who were treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt from January 2013 to January 2016,there were seven cases that had an intracranial infection,but the patients and their families refused to remove shunt devices.Before the cerebrospinal fluid bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test results were available for the intracranial infection patients,their cerebrospinal fluid was drained through continuous lumbar drainage.After the bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test results had come out,they were treated with the intrathecal injection of sensitive antibiotics when necessary.Results Three patients were cured after lumbar drainage and intrathecal injection of antibiotics,showed by the follow-up six months later.One patient exhibited clinical symptoms of infection in a follow-up recheck two months later after removal of the lumbar shunt.Two patients implanted shunt devices again after the removal of the shunt devices during hospitalization.One patient died.Conclusion The lumbar drainage is an effective measure with clinical values for infections caused by not removing shunts after ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures.

Objective:To explore the surgical method and clinical effect of craniopharyngioma resection through the cockscomb approach.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted from December 2010 to May 2018.The clinical data, imaging data and follow-up data of 101 patients with craniopharyngioma confirmed by pathology by pathology after resection of the frontal floor longitudinal fissure through the crow′s comb approach were performed in Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital Capital Medical University.The total tumor resection rate, mortality and complications were analyzed by statistical methods.Results:Through this approach, the total resection rate of tumor was 90.1%(91/101), and the mortality was 1.9%(2/101). The most common postoperative complications were disturbance of sodium metabolism (54.5%(55/101)).Conclusion:Sub-frontal longitudinal fissure crista galli approach can safely and thoroughly remove the tumor and avoid the injury of the hypothalamus and its surrounding tissues as far as possible.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between quantified body fat distribution measured by computed tomography (CT) and blood lipids in overweight and obese individuals undergoing physical examinations.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 3 463 physical examination subjects who underwent chest CT combined with quantified CT examination in the Department of Health Management at Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected using a comprehensive sampling method. The subjects were divided into three groups: normal group (1, 424 cases), overweight group (1, 531 cases), and obese group (508 cases) based on their body mass index: 18.5 to <24.0 kg/m 2, 24.0 to <28.0 kg/m 2, and≥28.0 kg/m 2, respectively. General information, blood lipid parameters, and different body fat distributions measured by quantified CT (subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, total abdominal fat area, liver fat content, muscle fat content) were collected in the three groups. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare differences in body fat distribution and blood lipid parameters, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between body fat distribution and blood lipids. Results:In the obese group, compared to the normal and overweight groups, subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, total abdominal fat area, liver fat content, muscle fat content, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride levels were significantly higher [males: (152.80±49.27) vs (72.94±22.68), (103.79±28.30) cm 2; (287.95±57.55) vs (156.36±49.40), (224.67±53.10) cm 2; (440.75±72.44) vs (229.31±62.01), (328.46±62.77) cm 2; (12.92±8.61)% vs (6.82±3.31)%, (9.39±4.88)%; (9.06±9.34)% vs (4.55±5.06)%, (6.70±6.73)%; (6.52±0.94) vs (4.87±1.03), (6.27±0.96) mmol/L; (3.05±0.76) vs (2.92±0.86), (2.97±0.77) mmol/L; (2.34±1.42) vs (1.53±0.82), (1.99±1.28) mmol/L; females: (213.82±46.87) vs (104.69±30.62), (155.05±34.90) cm 2; (184.88±46.54) vs (90.67±34.09), (138.92±42.06) cm 2; (398.71±71.28) vs (195.37±55.32), (293.97±57.05) cm 2; (11.36±6.34)% vs (5.51±3.02)%, (7.98±4.77)%; (7.44±7.60)% vs (3.70±3.90)%, (5.56±5.94)%; (5.27±0.96) vs (5.04±0.86), (5.11±0.96) mmol/L; (3.26±0.84) vs (2.92±0.79), (3.01±0.74) mmol/L; (1.74±0.69) vs (1.27±0.65), (1.57±0.77) mmol/L], while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower [males: (1.17±0.19) vs (1.38±0.28), (1.25±0.25) mmol/L; females: (1.36±0.22) vs (1.59±0.32), (1.42±0.27) mmol/L] (all P<0.001). In males, the visceral fat area and total abdominal fat area in the overweight group were positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.175, 0.113) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.125, -0.113), while liver fat content was positively correlated with total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides ( r=0.083, 0.075, 0.206) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.093) (all P<0.05). In the obese group, the liver fat content was positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.170) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.166) in males (both P<0.05). In females, the visceral fat area and total abdominal fat area in the overweight group were positively correlated with total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides (visceral fat area: r=0.129, 0.160, 0.348; total abdominal fat area: r=0.121, 0.130, 0.283) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.264, -0.173), while liver fat content was positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.352) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.195) (all P<0.05). In the obese group, the visceral fat area was positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.213) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.223) in females (both P<0.05). Conclusion:Blood lipids are correlated with body fat distribution in overweight and obese individuals undergoing physical examinations, and the degree of correlation varies between different genders and body regions, with triglycerides showing the strongest correlation with liver fat content.

Objective:To analyze the association between visceral fat area (VFA) and fatty liver based on quantitative CT (QCT) in people receiving health examination with normal body mass index (BMI).Methods:A cross-sectional study. A total of 1 305 physical examiners who underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the Department of Health Management of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as subjects. The physical components at the central level of the lumbar two cone were measured with QCT, including subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA and liver fat content (LFC). And the metabolic indexes, such as blood lipids and blood glucose, were collected. The t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze the correlation between the detection rate of fatty live and LFCr and age and gender. According to level of VFA (<100 cm 2, 100-150 cm 2 and≥150 cm 2), the subjects were divided into three groups, and one-way ANOVA and χ2 test were used in comparison between groups. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and metabolic indexes and LFC. Results:Of the 1 305 subjects, there were 634 males and 671 females. The detection rate of fatty liver in normal BMI population was 65.67%, and it was 72.71% and 59.02% respectively in men and women ( χ2=27.12, P<0.001), and the detection rate of fatty liver and LFC increased with age (both P<0.05). With the increase of VFA, the age, BMI, SFA, LFC, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood uric acid and prevalence of fatty liver increased (all P<0.05), and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased ( P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age factors, regardless of male or female, LFC was independently positively related with VFA, BMI, and ALT (male β=0.206, 0.145, 0.174, female β=0.194, 0.150, 0.184; all P<0.05). FBG was positively correlated with male independently ( β=0.134; P<0.001). The indicators related to female independently were TC, TG, and blood uric acid ( β=-0.121, 0.145, 0.141, all P<0.05) Conclusion:In the population receiving health examination with normal BMI, the VFA measured by QCT technique is closely related to fatty liver.

As a representative member of the Rho family, RhoA plays an important role in the oncogenesis and development of malignant tumors. According to previous studies, RhoA functions as a key regulator in mediating actin polymerization, cytoskeletal structure remodeling, cell polarity changes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and so on. RhoA can promote multiple malignant phenotypes of tumor cells, such as migration, invasion, etc. At present, mainstream research believes that RhoA functions as oncogene in the carcinogenesis of tumors. Downregulated RhoA can inhibit tumor growth and progression, which can be used as a potential target for clinical anti-tumor therapy.