Objective To study antioxidant activity of extract of Cassia obtusifolia. Method The free radical-scavenging effect of the extract was evaluated in the flavins system; erythrocyte membrane was exposed to three radicals generation systems, the inhibition of the extract on lipid peroxidation was determined. Results The extract showed strong scavenging effect on superoxide radical and dose- dependently inhibited the increases of lipid peroxidation content in the membrane exposed to xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, H2O2 or UV light. Conclusion Antioxidant activity of the extract was obvious.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the degradation kinetic characteristics of Sinomenine hydrochloride aqueous solution.METHODS:The colorimetric method was used to determine the degradation kinetic parameters of Sinomenine hydrochloride aqueous solution under various pH solutions,various ionic strength and various dielectric constant conditions.RESULTS:With comparative regression analysis of linear fitting,the degradation kinetic order of Sinomenine hydrochloride aqueous solution was determined as n=1.The higher the pH in Sinomenine hydrochloride aqueous solution was,the higher the degradation kinetic rate constant was.The Sinomenine hydrochloride aqueous solution degraded slowly at the field of lower pH(pH5).The higher the ionic strength of Sinomenine hydrochloride aqueous solution was,the higher the degradation kinetic rate constant was.As the dielectric constant of solution increased,so did the degradation kinetic rate constant.CONCLUSION:It was found that the degradation of Sinomenine hydrochloride followed apparent first-order kinetics.The degradation kinetic rate was affected by pH remarkably and positively correlated with ionic strength and dielectric constant.

Abstract A method for determination of trace mercury in water was established. The trace mercury in water was adsorbed quantitatively by activated carbon, and then determined by electrical pyrolysis atomic absorption spectrometry. In comparison with the detection methods of total mercury in water at present, the method avoids the steps of digestion, reduces the mercury pollution and the loss of the mercury, and is simple in operation. The effects of particle size of activated carbon, acid treatment method, acid medium and enrichment time on the enrichment efficiency were investigated. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature and the interfering ions on the determination results was investigated. Three standard addition procedures including activated carbon blank addition, solution blank addition and environmental water samples addition were studied. Regression correlation coefficients of three standard curves drawn by the three methods reached 0 . 9999 . The slope of the three standard curves had no difference by statistical test, indicating that the determination of mercury in environmental water samples under the experiment conditions was not interfered by the coexistent elements, which showed that the activated carbon blank addition method could be directly used for preparing standard curve of the method. The water samples containing 5 ng/L and 50 ng/L mercury were determined by the method, and the relative standard deviation were 7. 2% and 4. 2% (n=11), respectively, with a detection limit of 1. 2 ng/L. The recovery experiment was carried out after adding 10 ng/L mercury to the surface water and tap water samples, and the recoveries were between 92. 0% and 103. 0%. Analysis results were compared with ICP-MS as control and the deviation of the two methods were between 2 . 9% and 3 . 4%, indicating that the method was accurate and reliable, and had good precision.

AIM: To study the fingerprint of Danggui Injection (Radix Angelicae Sinensis). METHODS: HPLC with UV detector was used in analyzing the patterns of fingerprint of Danggui Injection. It was separated on C 18 column. The mobile phase consisted of (A) water ( 0.25% HAC) and (B) methanol using a linear gradient, and the detection wavelength at 246nm. The flow rate was at 1mL?min -1 . RESULTS: The fingerprint of Danggui Injection was set up and the fingerprint of Angelica sinensis showed a correlation. CONCLUSION: The research is helpful to the quality control of Danggui Injection.

OBJECTIVE:To measure the concentrations of levofloxacin in aqueous humor after a single eye dripping of drug and calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters.METHODS:32 rabbits were divided into 8 groups.The rabbit eyeballs were enucleated to make a collection of aqueous humor at 0.125,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0,2.0,3.0 and 4.0 hours after dripping.All measurements were performed with HPLC.RESULTS:In aqueous humor,Tmax:0.940h,Cmax:0.592?g/ml,T1/2(Ka):0.479h,T1/2 (Ke)0.919h.By using 3p87 pharmacokinetic program,the concentration-time curves were fitted as one-compartment op_en model.CONCLUSION:All the concentrations of levofloxacin at different times after dripping in aqueous humor exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for 90%(MIC90)of most bacterial pathogens.These results show that levofloxacin lactate eye-drops may be an effective antimicrobial agent for the treatment and prevention of intraocular infections as well as other ocular infections.

Objective:To investigate the application of Xiyanping injections ( XYP) in the bone surgery department inpatients in a certain hospital to provide reference for the clinical rational medication. Methods:A retrospective investigation was adopted to randomly survey 180 hospitalized medical recorders with XYP from a certain hospital in 2013. The usage, dosage and medication purpose of XYP were analyzed. Results:The reasonable rate of usage and dosage of XYP was 97. 2%. Among the surgical patients, 82. 8% were giv-en XYP, and among them, 97. 3% was accordance with the medication purpose. Among the nonsurgical patients, 17. 2% were given XYP, and among them, 71. 0% was accordance with the medication purpose. The alone-use rate was 60. 0% and the rate of combina-tion with antibacterials was 40. 0%. The longest treatment course was 20d, the shortest one was 1 d, and the mean value was (7. 7 ± 5. 3) d. Conclusion:Irrational use of XYP exists in clinics, and the use should be strengthened and regulated.

Objective: To provide some experience and help for the pharmaceutical care for drug-induced acute kidney injury through analysis and pharmaceutical care performed by clinical pharmacist for two cases of drug-induced acute kidney injury. Meth-ods:Clinical pharmacist analyzed the mechanism of drug-induced acute kidney injury, provided some suggestions for the medication, helped doctors select hormone drugs reasonably and performed medical education in the patients. Results:The kidney function of the two patients was recovered during the hospitalization after the reasonable treatment and care by doctors and pharmacists. Conclusion:The drug-induced acute kidney injury should be paid high attention, and the medical education should be strengthened in the patients.

Objective To monitor the medication process of advanced lung cancer patients with renal insufficiency .Meth‐ods Pharmaceutical care ,pharmaceutical intervention and medication were offered according to the individual condition of pa‐tient with renal function based on pharmaceutical experience and related literature .Results The patient finished chemotherapy successfully without adverse reaction .Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should keep improving their knowledge and participat‐ing in first‐line clinical treatment activities;the patient‐centered hospital pharmacy service will be founded and the level of ra‐tional medication will be improved when doctors ,pharmacists and nurses could cooperate sincerely .

Objective To compare the clinical choosing principles of sedated colonoscopy with con-ventional colonoscopy. Methods Outpatients who were willing to accept colonoscopy with or without seda-tion were prospectively recruited,which were assigned to sedated colonoscopy group(n=362)and conven-tional colonoscopy group(n=323). All patients and endoscopists were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire. The colonoscopy completion,operation time,procedure-related discomfort,and questionnaire results of the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed. Results The completion rate was 98. 9%in the sedated colonoscopy group(358/362)and 89. 8% in the conventional colonoscopy group(290/323) ( P=0. 337 ). The operation time of sedated and conventional group were( 5. 60 ± 3. 25 ) minutes and (7. 71 ± 5. 70)minutes respectively(P<0. 001). And the average cost was CNY 886. 54 per patient in se-dated group and CNY 386. 00 per patient in the conventional group. Patient satisfaction score of conventional group and sedated group were 4(3-4)and 3(2-3)points(P<0. 001),while endoscopist satisfaction score was 4(3-4)and 4(4-4)(P<0. 001). A total of 354 patients(97. 79%)in the sedated group and 225 pa-tients(69. 66%)in the conventional group showed willingness to repeat the identical colonoscopy( P <0. 001). Patients who were male(P=0. 035),having no past abdominal operations(P<0. 001),or no ab-dominal pain during colonoscopy( P =0. 015 )in the conventional group preferred to repeat conventional colonoscopy. Conclusion Although the examination time of conventional colonoscopy is longer than sedated colonoscopy,it could reduce anesthesia risk and the cost. Conventional colonoscopy remains an irreplaceable examination of colorectal diseases in developing countries. Physicians should not only focus on patients'com-fort during endoscopy,but also help patients make a decision based on their actual situation and endoscopic indications to make the best of medical resources.