Objective To investigate the value of laparoscopy in the treatment of ventriculoperitoneal shunt(VPS).Methods From August 2000 to August 2008,156 patients with hydrocephalus received VPS in our hospital.During the operation,a drainage tube was placed under the right diaphragm,and then fixed to the round ligament.Results The laparoscopic surgery was successfully completed in all of the cases.A mean of 17-month follow-up(14 to 24 months) was achieved in 133 of them.During the period,no distal VPS obstruction,gastrointestinal symptoms,intra-abdominal organs injury or infection occurred.Seven patients presented with obstruction of the VPS at the ventricle side.Conclusion Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of VPS with good outcomes and few complications.

Objective To explore the reason of serious interference red blood cell(RBC)parameters in blood routine test and correct method.Methods 30 cases of patients whose results of blood routine RBC parameters obviously abnormal ,According to the interference factors were divided into four groups:cold agglutination (7 cases),severe hemolysis(13 cases),high triglycerides (8 cases),high white blood cell(WBC)(2 例).Take appropriate corrective action for processing respectively.The difference of red blood cell parameters were compared with t test.Results To analysis of interference factors and take appropriate corrective meas-ures,RBC parameters could be more close to the real results.Conclusion We should pay attention to the changes of the RBC pa-rameters,analysis of interference factors,and to take appropriate measures to correct,in order to avoid clinical misdiagnosis and mi-stherapy.

This paper mainly introduces a rare special subtype of gastric cancer , the stomach hepatoid adenocarcinoma .This kind of adenocarcinoma in pathogenesis ,pathology ,treatment and prognosis has great differ-ence from traditional stomach cancer .Because it has both characteristics of gastric carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma,and is easily to result in missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis in clinic .It is necessary for us to distin-guish hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach and gastric carcinoma .We may further improve the diagnosis rate of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach ,and reduce its mortality rate ,prolong the survival period .

Honeybee pupae were collected from Jilin apiaries and RNA was extracted for use as a tefnplate for amplification. Based on the complete genome sequences of black queen cell virus (BQCV) published on GenBank, we designed 10 pairs of primers to amplify genes by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using this approach, we have obtained the first complete genome sequence of a BQCV isolate in China. The genome of the isolated strain, named BQCV-JL1, is composed of 8358 nucleotides and shares between 86% and 93% homology with the complete genome sequences of the other six BQCV strains published on GenBank. ORF 1 of BQCV-JL1 is positioned between nucleot ides (nt) 546 and 4676 (4131 nt), while ORF 2 is located between nt 5750 and 8203. Between the two ORFs of BQCV-JL1 there is a short ORF, called ORF 3, between nt 4891 and 5433 (543 nt). The first functional gene ex- pression domain of the BQCV-JL1 strain is positioned between nt 546 and 5 429, encompassing both ORF 1 and ORF 3. There is an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) located before ORF 2, the last three bases of which are CCU (nt 5642-5644). These bases act as an initiation.codon facilitating the translation of ORF 2. The second functional gene expression domain of the BQCV-JL1 strain is located between nt positions 5642 and 8203. The BQCV-JL1 strain was found to share high sequence identity (93%) with the Hungary 10 genotype at the whole-genome level and analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences revealed that the BQCV-JL1 strain also shows close genetic relationships with the South Korea strain, suggesting that both the BQCV-JL1 and South Korea strains may have migrated from European countries. BQCV-JL1 strain was different from the other 6 strains in dividing the nucleotides positions of QRF, which vqs because of the gene mutation.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bees ; China ; Genome, Viral ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; RNA Viruses ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

In nature, honeybees are the most important pollinators. They play a vital role in both protecting the diversity of natural ecosystems, and maintaining the yield-improving effects of agroecosystems. But in recent years, epidemic disease in bees has caused huge losses. Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV) is a bee pathogen that was first reported in 1955. It mainly infects bee larvae and pupae, making their bodies turn dark and black, and causing a massive decrease in the bee population. More specifically, the virus makes the exterior of the cell walls in the larvae and pupae turn black. BQCV is a seasonal epidemic, spread by means horizontal and vertical transmission, and is often unapparent. BQCV not only infects a variety of bee species, but also spiders, centipedes and other arthropods. It can also be coinfected with other honeybee viruses. In recent years, research has shown that the Nosema intestinal parasite plays an important role in BQCV transmission and bees carrying Nosema that become infected with BQCV have increased mortality. Here we summarize current research on the incidence, prevalence, geographical distribution and transmission of BQCV.
Animals ; Bees ; virology ; Dicistroviridae ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Insect Viruses ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology

Objective To explore the value of MRI in detecting the corpus callosum agenesis suspected by US.Methods 19 women with complicated pregnancies,aged from 20 to 37 years(average 28 years) and with gestation from 20 to 38weeks(average 29 weeks) were studied with a 1.5 T superconductive MR unit within 24 hours after ultrasound examinations and suspected with fetal corpus callosum agenesis.T2WI and T1WI were performed using HASTE and FLASH,respectively.The features of MRI and ultrasound were compared with that of autopsy or follow-up outcome.Results Of the 19 fetus,14 cases with fetal corpus callosum,3 cases with mild enlargement of lateral cerebral ventricle and 2 cases with leukodystrophy were confirmed by MRI.Of them,accompained with Dandy-Walker syndrome in one and lipoma of corpus callosum in one.One case of Dandy-Walker syndrome and microcephalus respectively missed by US was detected by MRI.Conclusion MRI is superior in displaying fetal corpus callosum agenesis than ultrasound,which is helpful in conforming the diagnosis of fetal corpus callosum,classification and additional cerebral anomalies.

Objective The purpose of this paper is to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the bone marrow smears and bone marrow biopsy in multiple myeloma diagnosis and efficacy judgment,explicit the value of bone marrow smears and bone marrow biopsy synchronous check in the diagnosis and treatment observation of multiple myeloma.Methods With two step-suction two biopsy specimens assay,obtained specimens of bone marrow smears and bone marrow biopsy,retrospective-ly analysed results of 283 multiple myeloma patients bone marrow smear and biopsy,and made a comparative study on the degree of bone marrow hyperplasia,myeloma cell morphology,the degree of tumor cell infiltration,proliferation pattern,bone marrow stromal pathological changes,and fibrosis cases.Results The degree of proliferation of bone marrow biopsy sections and infiltration of plasma cells was significantly higher than that of bone marrow smears,statistically there was a significant difference (P <0.01).Multiple myeloma diagnostic sensitivity by bone marrow biopsy sections was significantly higher than by the bone marrow smears,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy tumor proliferation modes:clusterpiece nodular type 33 cases (11.66%),interstitial-type 86 cases (30.39%),among nodular interstitial type 112 cases (39.58%),diffuse cypriot real 52 cases (18.37%).Plasma cells in bone marrow smears tumor morphology:small mature plasma cell type 77 cases (27.21%),immature plasma cell type 148 cases (52.30%),protoplas-mic cell type 36 cases (12.72%),reticular plasma cell type 22 cases (7.77%).Conclusion Marrow biopsy can accurately reflect the degree of bone marrow hyperplasia,plasma cell tumor proliferation mode and infiltration degree,myelofibrosis sit-uation;bone marrow smears Wright-Giemsa staining,plasma cell tumor morphology was clear,typicalfeatured,and easily i-dentifiable.Bone marrow smear and biopsy synchronous check can improve the sensitivity and accuracy for multiple myeloma diagnosis,which has very important significance for multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment observation.

To simplify the macrocyclic fragment and to modify the zinc binding group of the natural product apicidin, two series of S-hexyl (heptyl) ethanethioate derivatives were designed and synthesized. Twenty-six compounds were synthesized and confirmed with 1H NMR, IR, MS and HR-MS spectrum, which were not reported. Take vorinostat as control, their antiporliferative activities against cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and HL-60, were tested with MTT assay or trypan blue staining method. Generally in both series it was found that, the chiral carbon atom at 7 position is not necessary, compounds II-1, II-3, II-6 and II-13 showed good activity on HL-60 cells in vitro, with the IC50 values less than 10 micromol x L(-1). II-7 and II-8 showed stronger activity against MCF-7 than Vorinostat, with the IC50 of 3.19 and 6.29 micromol x L(-1), respectively.

Objective:To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation, and to quantitatively analyze the changes of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).Methods:The MRI images of 14 cases of diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation were retrospectively analyzed in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from April 2017 to November 2019. The location, edge, signal, peritumoral edema and enhancement characteristics of the lesions were observed, and the changes of ADC values were analyzed.Results:The tumors were located in thalamus in four cases, pons in six cases, medulla oblongata in two cases and spinal cord in two cases. In seven cases, the tumor was confined to the midline region, of which six cases had clear boundary, seven cases were located in the midline area, but infiltrated into the non midline area at the same time, and six cases had unclear boundary. Basilar artery entrapment was found in all six patients located in pons. Multiple large cystic changes were found in five cases, multiple small cysts in four cases and no cystic changes in five cases. Cystic changes were found in all seven cases of tumors involving the non midline region, of which six cases were located only in the non midline region, and only two of the seven tumors localized in the midline region had small cysts. Hemorrhage was found in four cases. Five cases showed mild heterogeneous enhancement, six cases showed moderate heterogeneous enhancement, two cases showed obvious enhancement, and one case showed no enhancement. There was no edema around the tumor in nine cases and mild edema in five cases. The average edema index was 1.13. The average ADC value of tumor parenchyma in 12 patients was (7.83±0.88)×10 -4 mm 2/s, which was 15.6% lower than that of the contralateral side [(9.28±0.69)×10 -4 mm 2/s, t=-6.336, P<0.05]. Conclusions:Diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation have a younger onset age and are more likely to occur in thalamus, brainstem and spinal cord. Most of the tumors have no peritumoral edema or mild peritumoral edema. The tumors confined to the midline region are regular in shape and clear in boundary. The masses involving the non midline area are prone to cystic necrosis. Diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation in pons are prone to basilar artery entrapment. ADC value can provide a quantitative basis for preoperative tumor grading.

There are still differences in the surgical treatment of children with pulmonary atresia(PA-VSD) with ventricular septal defect. The high rate of postoperative complications and reoperation intervention is still a problem that plagues surgeons. There are few reports on the understanding of the anatomy and physiological functions of MAPCAs. This article systematically reviews and analyzes domestic and foreign literature, and reviews the anatomical classification, surgical management strategies and related complications of PA-VSD patients.