Objective To study the MRI findings of HE and the pathological mechanism and to improve the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HE. Methods Five patients of HE diagnosed by clinical and laboratory examination were examined with conventional MRI scan. Additional DWI, MRA and enhancement MRI scan were performed on 3 patients in which abnormal findings was detected on the conventional MRI. The distribution of lesions and signal characteristics were analyzed. The ADC values of the lesions and of the contralateral non-lesion area were measured. Moreover, the possible pathological mechanisms of HE were discussed on the basis of changes of clinical and imaging manifestations in the two cases with serial clinical and MRI data. Results Of 5 patients, brain abnormalities were found in 3 cases,which showed scattered spotted supratentorial white matter lesions of isointensity on T1 WI and DWI, and high signal intensity on T2WI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). Meanwhile, multiple plaque-like lesions involving both white matter and gray matter were found, mainly located at the basal ganglia nuclei, hippocampus and cingulate cortex. The lesions demonstrated iso-or hypo-intensity on T1 WI,and iso-or hyper-intensity on T2 WI, FIAIR and DWI at the initial stage. No enhancement was found in these lesions and MRA disclosed no remarkable findings. The ADC value of the lesions [ (0. 449 ± 0. 092) ×10-3 mm2/s] was decreased significantly compared with the contralateral noninvolved area [ (0. 838 ±0. 062) × 10-3 mm2/s] at the early onset. In 2 cases with glucocorticoid therapy, together with symptom relief, MRI follow-up scan demonstrated the reduction of lesion volume, the signal change to hyperintensity on T1 WI and hypo-intensity on DWL The ADC of the lesions increased significantly. Conclusion The MRI could be one of the effective tools for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and judging the prognosis and therapeutic results of HE. Meanwhile, it may be a non-invasive method to study the pathological mechanism of HE.

Objective To investigate the expressions of hepatorna stem cell surface marker CD133 CD90 in tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluate their related clinical significances. Method The expressions of CD133 CD90 were detected by immunohistochemical method in HCC tissues of 93 patients, and normal liver tissues of 10 cases. Results Among 93 cases with HCC, the positive expression of CD133 were found in 71 cases (76.3%), and CD90 positive expression in 64 cases (68.8%), and the percentage of positive cells were (6.4±3.3)% and (4.3±3.9)% respectively. No positive expression of CD133 and CD90 was found in normal liver tissues (P<0.01). CD133, CD90 expressions in the HCC tissues of TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ [(8.1±3.7)%,(5.7±4.2)%] were higher than those of TNM stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ [(4.1±2.3)%,(2.3±1.9)%] (P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the expressions of CD133 and CD90 were up-regulated as the pathohistology grades increased (P<0.05). Positive correlation was observed between CD133 and CD90 expression (r=0.402, P<0.01). Conclusions CD133, CD90 positive cells exist in HCC tissues, their expressions positively relate to the TNM stage and the pathohistology grades for HCC patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) in mouse prostate cells and explore the putative role of EGF in prostatic hyperplasia.

METHODSSixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into two EGF groups and one control group (n=20) and subjected to subcutaneous injection of 1 and 2 microg/day EGF and distilled water, respectively, for 28 consecutive days. The cellular expression of ER and AR in the prostate of mice in different groups was evaluated by flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the positivity rate of ER and its expression level were significantly increased in the mouse prostate after EGF treatment (P<0.01), and the ER expression level was significantly higher in mouse with 2 microg/day EGF treatment than in those treated with 2 microg/day EGF (P<0.01). AR positivity rate and expression level also increased significantly in comparison with the control group (P<0.05), but no significant variation was found between 1 microg/day and 2 microg/day EGF groups.

CONCLUSIONEGF can increase the cellular expression of ER and AR in mice prostate and may play a role in the pathogenesis of prostatic hyperplasia.

Animals ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Male ; Mice ; Prostate ; cytology ; metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Androgen ; biosynthesis ; Receptors, Estrogen ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the association of longitudinal CA-125 measurements with overall survival (OS) time by developing a flexible model for patient-specific CA-125 profiles, and to provide a simple and reliable prediction of OS. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 275 patients with ovarian cancer who underwent at least one cycle of primary chemotherapy in our institute. Serial measurements of patients' CA-125 levels were performed at different frequencies according to their clinical plans. A statistical model coupling the Cox proportional hazards and the mixed-effects models was applied to determine the association of OS with patient-specific longitudinal CA-125 values. Stage and residual tumor size were additional variables included in the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1,601 values of CA-125 were included. Longitudinal CA-125 levels, stage, and the residual tumor size were all significantly associated with OS. A patient-specific survival probability could be calculated. Validation showed that, in average, 85.4% patients were correctly predicted to have a high or low risk of death at a given time point. Comparison with a traditional model using CA-125 half-life and time to reach CA-125 nadir showed that the longitudinal CA-125 model had an improved predicative value. CONCLUSION: Longitudinal CA-125 values, measured from the diagnosis of ovarian cancer to the completion of primary chemotherapy, could be used to reliably predict OS after adjusting for the stage and residual tumor disease. This model could be potentially useful in clinical counseling of patients with ovarian cancer.
Counseling ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Half-Life ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To establish Wistar rat models of acute radiation esophagitis, and observe the histopathological changes at different time points after modeling.Methods:Wistar rats were locally irradiated with different doses of 6 MV X-rays, and the rats were sacrificed on the 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th, and 14 th days after irradiation. The full-length esophagus tissue was taken for paraffin embedding, sectioning, and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining for pathological assessment. The pathological changes of the esophagus of the rats were observed at the 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th, and 14 th days after 25 Gy and 30 Gy irradiation. The changes of daily dietary intake of rats in different irradiation groups within 1-2 weeks after radiation exposure were observed. Results:No rat died in two groups after being irradiated with 25 Gy and 30 Gy rays. All the rats in the 30 Gy group had esophagus injury. On the 7 th day, the degree of injury was the most serious, with a pathological score of 5.00±0.75 and a food intake of 0 g. On the 14 th day, the degree of injury was relieved, and the food intake was restored to the level before irradiation. Conclusions:The Wistar rat model of acute radiation esophagitis can be established by a single dose of 6 MV X-ray 30 Gy irradiation to the esophagus. The 7 th day after irradiation is an ideal observation time for the acute injury phase, which is gradually alleviated after the 7 th day. The time can be chosen from 7-14 days after irradiation as the observation point for the healing repair phase.

BACKGROUND:Studies have exhibited that inhibiting apoptosis caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress can save part of nerve function.Epigallocatechin-3-gallate can inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress,but it has poor bioavailability and is difficult to penetrate the blood-brain barrier.In combination with exosomes targeting spinal cord repair and high-potency drug loading,theoretically,the combination of the two can play a greater role in spinal cord protection. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on endoplasmic reticulum stress and neurological function in rats with spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS:Fifty SD male rats were randomly divided into sham surgery group,model group,epigallocatechin-3-gallate group,exosome group,and combined treatment group,with 10 rats in each group.The spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury model was made in the other four groups except for the sham surgery group.Local injection of physiological saline,exosomes,epigallocatechin-3-gallate,epigallocatechin-3-gallate + bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes was performed 2 hours after surgery through a caudal vein.Neurological function scores were performed on 7,14 and 28 days after spinal cord injury.14 days after spinal cord injury,hematoxylin-eosin staining,Nissl staining,and immunofluorescence staining of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as ATF6 and GADD153 were performed in the spinal cord tissues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the sham surgery group,neurological function scores of the model group,exosome group,epigallocatechin-3-gallate group and combined treatment group all decreased to different degrees.The neurological function score of combined treatment group was better than that of the epigallocatechin-3-gallate group,exosome group and model group 14 days after surgery(P<0.05).The neurological function score of the combined treatment group was better than that of the model group and epigallocatechin-3-gallate group 28 days after surgery(P<0.05).(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining displayed that the number of neurons in the model group decreased,with a large number of cavity necrosis and scar hyperplasia in the spinal cord injury area.The number of neurons and peripheral cavity necrosis improved to varying degrees in the epigallocatechin-3-gallate group,exosome group,and combined treatment group,with the most significant improvement in the combined treatment group.(3)The expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins ATF6 and GADD153:14 days postoperatively,the expression of GADD153 in the combined treatment group was lower than that in the model group and epigallocatechin-3-gallate group(P<0.05),and the expression of ATF6 in the combined treatment group was lower than that in the model group,exosome group,and epigallocatechin-3-gallate group(P<0.05).(4)These findings confirm that epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosome can enhance the neurological function in rats with spinal cord ischemia/reperfusionn injury,which may be associated with the inhibition of the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins ATF6 and GADD153.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution of network reported suspected occupational diseases( SOD),and the follow-up of confirmed diagnosis of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2017. METHODS: In July2018,the SOD cases reported from 2014 to 2017 in the direct network of Guangdong Province were collected as study subjects through the Suspected Occupational Diseases Report Card,Occupational Disease Report Card and Pneumoconiosis Report Card from the subsystem of National Information Surveillance System for Occupational Disease and Occupational Health. And the institutions for occupational disease diagnosis were asked to collect related data of applying for diagnosis and to investigate the final confirmed diagnostic status through the report cards of occupational diseases and pneumoconiosis. RESULTS: A total of 10 155 SOD cases were reported in Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2017,with an average annual growth rate of 62. 2% and an increasing trend year by year. The top three SOD were: suspected occupational otorhinolaryngological oral diseases( 58. 9%), particularly the suspected occupational noise deafness( 99. 9%); suspected occupational chronic chemical poisoning( 24. 6%),particularly suspected occupational chronic benzene poisoning( 88. 4%); and suspected occupational pneumoconiosis( 12. 8%). In total,there were 3 514 SOD cases applying for occupational diseases diagnosis,and the appication rate was 34. 6%. The final confirmed diagnosis rate was 59. 5%( 2 090/3 514). The application rate of occupational otorhinolaryngological oral diseases,occupational chronic chemical poisoning,occupational pneumoconiosis was 33. 8%,31. 3% and 35. 7%,while the final confirmed diagnosis rate was 54. 0%,49. 9% and 89. 5%. The application rate and the final confirmed diagnosis rate were the highest in the occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions, with the rate of 58. 1% and 70. 2% respectively. The application rate and the final confirmed diagnosis rate from occupational health examination were lower than those from occupational disease diagnosis institution,outpatient department and hospitalization( P < 0. 005). CONCLUSION: There is a rapid increasing trend of SOD in Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2017,but the confirmed diagnosis rate is low.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and predict epidemiological trends of occupational chemical poisoning,based on directly reported data during 2006-2015 in Guangdong Province. METHODS: The data of patients with occupational chemical poisoning reported from National Information Surveillance System for Occupational Disease and Occupational Health from 2006 to 2015 in Guangdong Province were collected. The epidemiological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. The autoregressive integral moving average model( ARIMA model) was established and validated based on the number of the new onset cases and was used to predict the trends of occupational chemical poisoning from 2017 to 2020 in Guangdong Province. RESULTS: From 2006 to 2015,1 288 new cases of occupational chemical poisoning were reported in Guangdong Province,which accounted for 24. 4% of the total number of new cases of occupational diseases in the province( 5 283 cases). Among the new cases,the percentage of acute and chronic poisoning was 21. 7%( 279/1 288) and 78. 3%( 1 009/1 288). There was 74. 7%( 962/1 288) of organic solvent poisoning. Five kinds of new occupational chemical poisoning were found. Most of the new cases were male,accounting for 56. 7%( 729/1 288). They were mainly distributed and concentrated in Pearl River Delta Region,accounting for 95. 9%(1 235/1 288). Shenzhen,Dongguan and Guangzhou were the most three cities which had 425,325 and 209 cases respectively,all of them accounted for 74. 4%( 959/1 288). The new cases of poisoning mainly distributed in medium and small enterprises( 72. 0%),private economic enterprises( 50. 9%) and manufacturing industries(70. 5%). The number of occupational chemical poisoning diseases decreased first,and increased,and the proportion to the total number of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province showed a straight downward trend(P < 0. 01). The median age at diagnosis was 35 years old and the median work year at diagnosis was 2. 0 years,and both of them showed an increasing trend( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: Occupational chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province has certain characteristic of crowd aggregation and epidemic trends.