Animals ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Thyroid Diseases

More and more studies suggest that endocrine-metabolic diseases and liver diseases influence each other. Endocrine-metabolic diseases may lead to abnormal liver function, and liver diseases are found also to cause disturbance of endocrine-metabolic system.

Thyroid diseases are often accompanied with dyslipidemia.In me past,low level of myroid hormone(TH) was considered a main factor in causing elevated level of blood cholesterol in hypothyroid patients.However,some clinical features can not be explained by this traditional theory. For example,in subclinical hypothyroid cases,both levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and serum total cholesterol (TC) increase,while TH level remains normal.From this phenomenon,we speculate that in case with hypothyroidism,not only there is a relationship between serum TC and TH levels,but also serum TC level change is related to TSH in some way,which has not been noticed.The purpose of this paper is to review the new and most advanced progress in the research of TSH and cholesterol.

[Summary] Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide ( GIP) is known to promote the release of insulin fromβcells, but this function suffers from a defect in obese patients. More and more evidences suggest that GIP is the bridge between a high-fat diet, obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. With the deepening of research in GIP in type 2 diabetes and obesity, GIP may provide new ideas for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Objective To understand the characteristics of common causes of acute pancreatitis (AP) in China and evaluate the association of the aetiology with gender and mortality.Methods The relevant literature was searched by the China journal full-text database (CNKI),Wanfang database,Weipu database and other databases and proceeding.Based on collecting data retrieval strategy,according to the inclusion criteria selection literature,Meta analysis was performed mainly for gallstone,hyperlipidemia,alcohol and other AP from the aspects of gender and case fatality rate.Results The Meta analysis included 11 articles which were accordance with the criteria,involving 13 601 patients,including 6 732 cases of biliary AP,1 372 cases of hyperlipidemia AP and 1 169 cases of alcohol AP.The Meta analysis showed that biliary AP male to female ratio was 0.79 ∶ 1,hyperlipidemic AP male to female ratio was 1.54 ∶ 1,alcoholic AP male to female ratio was 10.47 ∶ 1,overeating AP male to female ratio was 1.29 ∶ 1,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Alcoholic AP mortality rate was the highest,which was 2.81 times than the biliary AP and 2.46 times than the hyperlipemic AP,and there was significant difference (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Biliary tract disease is the main etiologic cause of AP in China,and there are more females than males.The mortality rate of alcoholic pancreatitis is the highest,and there are more males.But we should investigate further high-quality,large-scale trails in patients with AP.

Objective To observe the protective effects of AG on the myocardial ultrastructure of diabetic rats.Methods STZ-induced diabetic male SD rats were divided into two groups: aminoguanidine(AG group,50 mg?kg~(-1) body weight by daily gavage) and diabetes mellitus groups(DM group).Age-matched normal male SD rats served as normal control(NC group).After 10 weeks of treatment the level of blood glucose was measured and the rats were killed.Cardiac muscle were observed by transmission electronic microscope.Results The changes of cardiac ultrastructure had no significant difference between AG-group and NC-group and were better in AG group than in DM group as following:(1) Myofibril arranged tidily with intact regular edge;(2) Mitochodria were big and normomorph with crests arranging densely,some mitochondria gathered locally;(3)Base membrane of blood vessels didn′t thicken with lumen not narrowed;(4) The collagenous fiber in stroma reduced but amorphous material didn′t reduced. Conclusions The ultrastructure pictures of diabetic cardiomyopathy is inhibited or delayed by AG,which suggests that AGEs may play some role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

ObjectiveTo study the expression of adhesion mol ecules (CD 54 、CD 62p ) on diabetic neuropathy in the STZ induced rats and the effect of cilostazol treatment.MethodsSD rats were divided into four groups: normal control, diabetes control, insulin and cilostaz ol treated group. Sciatic nerve conductive velocity, the level of CD 54 /CD 62p on the surface of mononuclear cell/platelet were examined, and ultrast ructure of sciatic nerve was observed.ResultsCilostazol incr eased sciatic nerve conductive velocity significantly [DM=(20.3?2.2) m/s vs ci lostazol=(28.9?7.9)m/s,(P

Adhesion molecules(AMs) is one kind of glycoproteins expressed on cell surface that can induce interactions between cells or cell and ECM. AMs are indicated to be involved in many chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Thus, drugs that can decrease levels of AMs are potential new prevention and therapy of diabetic angiopathy.-

To study the role of vein tubulation in the facial nerve regeneration. Methods:Twelve male adult SD rats were divided randomly into vein tubulation group,nerve graft group and normalcontrol group- The facial nerve trunks were cut and grafted' Three months p0stoperation, the distributionand variation of the fascicles were observed under light microscope. Fascicular area,axon number and axondensity were gauged and caculated. Results:Within the vein chamber, the regenerating nerve consisted ofmany fascicles. In the nerve graft, there was a major fascicle surrounded by many small fascicles. Thenormal facial nerve trunk had only one fascicle. Among 3 groups, the fascicular area and axon number ofthe nerve graft were largest, but the axon density had no significant difference. Conclusion: The micr0en-vironment in vein chamber may be beneficial to growth of regenerating axons.

Objective To evaluate the necessity and practicability of optimizing the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in community after acquiring the peer education and the music therapy to their physical and mental issues and sleep problems. Methods Totally 179 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were followed up in Ruijin 2nd community health service center, the random numbers table used to randomize the patients into 2 groups:control group ( 97 cases) and experiment group ( 96 cases), the conventional treatment was used in control group. Besides the conventional treatment measures, the peer support was used by patients in the experiment group. In the second step, 45 patients were met the inclusion and the exclusion criteria, the random numbers table used to randomize the patients into 2 groups:the multiple intervention group (22 cases) and the conventional treatment group (23 cases), the multiple intervention included the music therapy, the peer support and the sleep health education, the conventional treatment included the conventional treatment and the sleep health education. The t test was used to compare the patient's HbA1c and other quantitative data in two groups of patients after the intervention. Results In the first stage of research, compared with the control group patients, the patients 'HbA1c in intervention group was significantly improvement after 6 months(7.26%±1.37%vs.7.53%±1.63%,t=2.148, P<0.05),besides, the intervention group individuals achieved significant improvement in diabetic self-management behaviors and self-efficacy after 6 months, and the improvement in self-efficacy of peer support group was significant different compared with routinely educated patients(104.09±16.40 vs.110.96± 13.86,t=2.120,P<0.05), and the PHQ-9(5.95 ± 4.02 vs.2.55 ± 1.67,t=2.630,P<0.05)between the two group had significant difference, while no improvement was found in PSQI, BMI, and WHR between intervention group and control group. Conclusions Peer support could improve the blood glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. With the effect of yoga music and physical exercises, peer support can improve the quality of sleep and decrease depression in T2DM patients, who also have sleep disorders and mild depression.