Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery

Endoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Neck ; surgery

The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib in treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)has achieved a dramatic therapeutic efficacy. However,secondary imatinib resistance emerged as a clinical problem needs to be solved urgently. The underlying mechanisms of GISTs secondary resistance to imatinib may be related with secondary mutations of KIT/ PDGFRA genes,loss of PTEN gene and induction of cellular quiescence. This resulted in the adoption of new therapeutic strategies such as novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors,combined use of imatinib with downstream signaling inhibitors,KIT/ PDGFRA independent targeted inhibitors such as KIT chaperone inhibitors and aurora kinase inhibitors,as well as inducing apoptosis in quiescent GIST cells. In this article,the above-mentioned issues were summarized.

Based on the AuNPs/Nafion composite membrane technology and immobilization of amino adenosine aptamer using carboxyl carbon nanotubes on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode, a electrochemiluminescence sensor was preparated.The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical luminescence.The result showed that the sensor had a good stability and reproducibility.Adenosine and adenosine aptamer could form G-tetrahedral structure, leading a decrease of ECL intensity.Under the optimum experimental conditions, the relative ECL intensity showed a good linear relationship to the negative logarithm of adenosine concentration in the range of 1.0×10-11-1.0×10-7 mol/L, the linear equations was ΔIECL=-890lgC-5050 with a detection limit of 5.0×10-12 mol/L.The RSD was 2.7% in 11 times measurement of adenosine (1.0×10-10 mol/L).The recovery was 97.1%-110.0% in the determination of real adenosine sample.

Circulating DNA is cell-free DNA existing in plasma or serum. It has already been verified that circulating DNA of cancer patients is derived from tumor cells. Therefore, it is of great value to detect the changes in the quantity and quality of the circulating DNA in cancer patients for early diagnosis and prognosis. The advantages of the detection of circulating DNA such as micro-trauma, convenient access to samples, possibility of continuous and dynamic monitoring, make it a promising tumor mark. This review recapitulates the application of circulating DNA analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients for diagnosis and prognosis.

Post-transplant tumor recurrence and metastasis remain the main obstacles for long-term survival after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Measures to explore the HCC biological characteristics and the relationship between post-transplant immuno-suppression and tumor recurrence, to determine precisely the prognostic factors associated with post-transplant recurrence, to intervene effectively for those with high risk of recurrence, and to use individualized multimodality treatment for recurrence and metastasis may improve the therapeutic results of LT for HCC.

To explore the impact of the history of infection by the influenza A virus subtype H1N1 on secondary infection by the influenza A virus subtype H9N2, pigs non-infected and pre-infected with H1N1 were inoculated with H9N2 in parallel to compare nasal shedding and seroconversion patterns. Unlike pigs without a background of H1N1 infection, nasal shedding was not detected in pigs pre-infected with H1N1. Both groups generated antibodies against H9N2. However, levels of H1N1 antibodies in pigs pre-infected with H1N1 increased quickly and dramatically after challenge with H9N2. Cross-reaction was not observed between H1N1 antibodies and H9N2 viruses. These findings suggest that circulation of the H1N1 virus might be a barrier to the introduction and transmission of the avian H9N2 virus, thereby delaying its adaptation in pigs.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Immune Sera ; immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; immunology ; physiology ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; immunology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; blood ; immunology ; Species Specificity ; Swine ; immunology ; virology

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which cyclosporine A downregulates transcription of interferon-? gene after murine orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Orthotopic murine liver transplantation model was employed and rats were divided into 3 groups. GroupⅠ: syngeneic control (Wistar-to-Wistar); GroupⅡ: acute rejection (SD-to-Wistar). GroupⅢ: acute rejection treated with cyclosporine A (SD-to-Wistar+CsA). EMSA was employed to analyze NFAT and NF-?B DNA-binding activity of splenocytes, RT-PCR was employed to analyze IFN-? mRNA transcription intragraft on 1,3,5,7,12 day posttransplant in each group, respectively. Histopathological examination was also performed for reference.Results In comparison to groupⅠ, NFAT and NF-?B DNA-binding activity of splenocytes in groupⅡincreased significantly( P

Objective To study the role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in preventing allograft acute rejection in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. Method Rats receiving orthotopic liver transplantation were divided into groupⅠ: syngenic control (Wistar-to-Wistar); GroupⅡ:acute rejection (SD-to-Wistar). GroupⅢ: acute rejection treated with cyclosporine; GroupⅣ: acute rejection treated with 1,25-(OH)_ 2 D_ 3 . Liver function, rejection index and IFN-? mRNA, IL-10 mRNA expression level were monitored on d1,5,7,15,30 posttransplantation. Results Survival of recipients in group Ⅳ was significantly prolonged (vs group Ⅱ, P

AIM: To investigate the role of NFAT in cyclosporine A downregulating IFN-? gene transcription after liver transplantation. METHODS: Rat orthotopic liver transplantation model was employed and 3 groups of experiments were performed in this study. GroupⅠ: syngeneic control (Wistar-to-Wistar); GroupⅡ: acute rejection (SD-to-Wistar). GroupⅢ: acute rejection treated with cyclosporine A intramuscularly (SD-to-Wistar+CsA). EMSA and RT-PCR were used to analyze NFAT activity of splenocytes and IFN-? gene transcription intragraft of recipients with or without CsA treatment after liver transplantation. Histopathological assessment was also performed for reference. RESULTS: No noticeable rejection was detected in GroupⅠ while only low level of IFN-? mRNA transcription and faint NFAT activity were measured. In contrast, a marked rejection reaction was demonstrated from day3 postoperation in GroupⅡ. IFN-? mRNA transcription was significant and NFAT activity was intensive. In comparison to GroupⅡ, rejection grade in Group Ⅲ significantly decreased (P